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SUMMARYHigh prenatal detection rates of complex congenital heart defects (CHD) Aim: To analyze prenatal detection rates of complex CHD after the implementation of an expanded three-tiered screening model at the Skane University Hospitals in Lund and Malmö in 2015. Methods: Retrospective review of pregnancies screened from January 1, 2015 and being born by June 30, 2018. Complex CHD was defined as

Uncertainty refers to any limitation in knowledge. Identifying and characterizing uncertainty in conclusions is important to ensure transparency and avoid over or under confidence in scientific assessments. Quantitative expressions of uncertainty are less ambiguous compared to uncertainty expressed qualitatively, or not at all. Subjective probability is an example of a quantitative expression of e

Objective: To assess whether adding prostate volume to the kallikrein panel improves discrimination for ISUP Grade Group 2 or higher (GG2+) disease, as some men may have volume measurements available at the time of blood draw. While prostate volume predicts biopsy outcome, it requires an imaging procedure for measurement. The four kallikrein panel - commercially available as the 4Kscore - predicts

Background: Polygenic prediction studies in continental Africans are scarce. Africa’s genetic and environmental diversity pose a challenge that limits the generalizability of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for body mass index (BMI) within the continent. Studies to understand the factors that affect PRS variability within Africa are required. Methods: Using the first multi-ancestry genome-wide associa

We report on recent developments that enable megahertz hard X-ray phase contrast imaging (MHz XPCI) experiments at the Single Particles, Clusters, and Biomolecules and Serial Femtosecond Crystallography (SPB/SFX) instrument of the European XFEL facility (EuXFEL). We describe the technical implementation of the key components, including an MHz fast camera and a modular indirect X-ray microscope sys

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology can detect molecular information; Because of its high sensitivity, it is widely used in chemical analysis. In this study discussed the experimental detection of 1,4-diethynylbenzene molecule based on SERS technology. The SERS spectra of 1,4-diethynylbenzene molecule were calculated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulation, and the results sh

Multi-wavelength thermo-optical analysis (MW-TOA) and Raman spectroscopy are commonly used methods to study soot sampled on filters, in terms of carbon content, nanostructure, and absorption properties. In this work, these techniques were combined to study how these characteristic properties of soot change in premixed flames, 1) at various flame heights during soot maturation and 2) as a result of

Using megahertz x-ray free electron laser imaging with x-ray pulses of ~25 femtoseconds and a machine-learning strategy, we have conducted comprehensive in situ imaging studies on the dynamics of cavitation bubble clouds in ultrasound fields at the SPB/SFX beamline of the European XFEL. The research unambiguously revealed the quasi-simultaneous implosion of multiple bubbles and simultaneous collap

The growing complexity of urban energy systems, climate uncertainties, and geopolitical disruptions highlight the need for energy flexibility and smart management. Recent developments in smart buildings enable real-time adaptability and collective energy behavior through the deployment of Reinforcement Learning (RL), which optimizes energy use, integrates distributed resources, and enhances demand

Carbon Black (CB), graphene, and nanodiamonds represent three classes of manufactured carbonaceous nanoparticles consisting almost exclusively of insoluble material. Particle-related Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) have been linked to in vivo and in vitro toxicity and determining particle ROS activity is an efficient way of estimating nanomaterial toxicity and assist in the safe-by-design developmen

Background Bariatric metabolic surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [RYGB] and sleeve gastrectomy [SG]) effectively treats obesity and type 2 diabetes; however, weight loss varies, necessitating predictive factors. Methods We analysed 12- and 24-month weight loss data from 811 patients (RYGB or SG). Factor Analysis of Mixed Data and neural network (NN) modelling identified distinct patient phenotypes

Background: Metformin is one of the most used drugs worldwide. Given the increasing use of proteomics in trials, bioresources, and clinics, it is crucial to understand the influence of metformin on the levels of the circulating proteome. Methods: We analysed a combined longitudinal proteomics dataset from the IMPOCT, RAMP and S3WP-T2D clinical trials in 98 participants before and after metformin e

Background. Ruling out acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the emergency department (ED) is challenging. Studies have shown that a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) <5 ng/L or <6 ng/L at presentation (0 h) can be used to rule out AMI. The objective of this study was to identify whether an even higher hs-cTnT threshold can be used for a safe rule out of AMI in the ED. Methods. The deri

Water is the matrix of life, and its confinement in nanocavities is a central topic from geophysics to nanotribology. Phyllosilicate layered minerals provide natural nanocavities for water due to their capacity to hydrate by confining water molecules in the interlamellar space. However, the hydration of phyllosilicates at the nanoscale is not a fully understood process and depends on the geologica

OBJECTIVES: Evidence on waning patterns in protection from vaccine-induced, infection-induced, and hybrid immunity against death is scarce. The aim of this study is to assess the temporal trends in protection against mortality.METHODS: Population-based case-control study nested in the total population of Scania Region, Sweden using individual-level registry data of COVID-19-related deaths (<30 day

We study experimentally and with wave optics modelling the absorption of light in CsPbBr3perovskite nanowire arrays fabricated into periodic pores of an anodized aluminum oxide matrix, for nanowire diameters from 30 to 360 nm. First, we find that all the light that couples into the array can be absorbed by the nanowires at sufficient nanowire length. This behavior is in strong contrast to the expe

Focusing on the photoinduced electron transfer properties of the D-D-A molecule ((TPA-TT)-BODIPY-C60) in an external electric field (Fext), the excited-state properties in which the double-donor molecule is excited to form three charge-separated states were simulated. The charge-Transfer processes of these three charge-separated states were investigated by considering the two donors as a whole ((T

Investigating the optical properties of various chemical compounds using UV-vis spectrophotometers is an essential part of education in chemistry. However, commercial spectrophotometers are usually treated as "magic black boxes", where the dominant majority of optical elements are hidden "under the hood". This often limits understanding of the mechanisms behind the generation of spectral curves, w