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This article presents and discusses results from an exercise in comparative content analysis of news articles about issues of conflict produced by Afghan journalists before and after participating in an internationally sponsored training and mentorship programme in Peace Journalism. The programme was part of a Preventing Violent Extremism (PVE) project, intended to create community resources for r

Proteins and peptides are vital biomolecules, and deuterated amino acids are increasingly applied in areas such as drug discovery, metabolic tracing, and neutron scattering studies. In this study, we performed deuteration on all 20 proteinogenic amino acids, including their side chains, and established efficient methods for 13 amino acids. Using a Pt/C-catalyzed hydrogen–deuterium exchange reactio

The retinoblastoma gene (RB1), which is located on chromosome 13q14.2, is mutated in retinoblastoma (RB), the most common malignant intraocular tumor in children. About 8000 new cases of retinoblastoma are diagnosed globally each year, accounting for approximately 1 in 17,000 live births. RB is prototypically considered hereditary by nature as thirty to forty percent of cases have autosomal domina

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future observatory for ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Each telescope will provide a snapshot of gamma-ray induced particle showers by capturing the induced Cherenkov emission at ground level. The simulation of such events provides camera images that can be used as training data for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to differenti

Dopaminergic neurons in the ventral midbrain are critical for regulating movement, cognition, and emotion. Ventral midbrain organoids can be used to model both development and diseases of the dopaminergic system, especially Parkinson’s disease. Here, we summarize recent advances and remaining challenges in developing such three-dimensional organoids from human pluripotent stem cells. We outline ho

The use of large language models (LLMs) is being explored for a multitude of tasks in software engineering (SE), ranging from code generation to bug report assignment. Although LLMs provide impressive results, they require more time and energy than some other machine learning models. For some tasks, simpler models may be more sustainable than LLMs. In this paper, we construct natural language clas

In this study, a serial production system consisting of two machines and an intermediate finite buffer is considered. The machines have random processing times, and each machine contains one unit of a common critical component that is subject to random breakdown. Broken components must be replaced from an inventory of ready-for-use spare parts to restore machine functionality. This inventory is re

This editorial introduces the special feature’s main objective: to provide latest research findings on the dynamics between environmental protection and post-conflict peacebuilding processes after internal armed conflicts. In the feature, we propose a broad understanding of environmental peacebuilding that takes all cycles of the peacebuilding process into account and puts stronger emphasis on the

PurposeBlockchain technology (BCT) is a novel and disruptive innovation that can transform procurement processes in various industries, including the food sector. BCT can offer benefits such as transparency, traceability, security, and efficiency for procuring food products, which are essential for ensuring food security and quality. However, BCT faces several challenges that hinder its adoption a

The Polarization and Impedance Controlled Car (PICC) presents an innovative approach for demonstrating and teaching key principles of electromagnetic field theory, specifically polarization and impedance. Designed as an interactive learning tool, the PICC utilizes a radio-controlled car, NanoVNA, Raspberry Pi, and handheld antennas to visualize real-time effects of polarization and impedance. The

Background Endoscopic papillectomy is a standard treatment for ampullary lesions, which are typically small and confined to the papillary mound. Laterally spreading lesions (LSLs) of the papilla of Vater are a rare ampullary lesion subtype involving extensive duodenal mucosa. Data on endoscopic papillectomy outcomes for LSLs are limited. This study compared endoscopic papillectomy for ampullary LS

The effects of the simultaneous presence of monopole and quadrupole pairing interactions on the fission barriers for heavy and superheavy elements are considered. The first barrier for light Thisotopes is found to be raised by 1 MeV, while heavier actinide nuclei seem to be less affected by the inclusion of quadrupole pairing. For the superheavy elements, the inclusion of quadrupole pairing tends

Although biologics have revolutionized psoriasis treatment, they pose a significant burden on the healthcare budget. With the wide range of biologics available and the increasing number of biosimilars, insights into the real-world cost per responder (CPR) are required. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the real-world CPR of adalimumab, ustekinumab, IL17-and IL23-inhibitors, incorporating both

Analyzing kinetic experiments on protein aggregation using integrated rate laws has led to numerous advances in our understanding of the fundamental chemical mechanisms behind amyloidogenic disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. However, the description of biologically relevant processes may require rate equations that are too complex to solve using existing methods, hindering mec

The establishment of innovation ecosystems has become an increasingly prevalent strategy for fostering territorial, economic and social development. However, the existing literature provides limited insights into the strategic conditions that enable the emergence of such ecosystems. This paper addresses this gap by identifying the critical elements and mechanisms underpinning their creation. Speci