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purpose of this study was to elaborate a model for estimating the caries-reducing effect of a preventive measure with due consideration of background factors. The material comprised 50 children, who had consumed NaF tablets regularly during preschool age, and 76 comparable children who had never consumed NaF tablets. They were all examined at 12 and 13 yr of age. Information on caries and, as conf
Gitelmans syndrome (GS) is an inherited recessive disorder caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous loss of function mutations of the NaCl cotransporter (NCCT) gene encoding the kidney-expressed NCCT, the pharmacological target of thiazide diuretics. An observational study estimated the prevalence of GS to 19/1 000 000, in Sweden, suggesting that similar to 1% of the population carries one mu
Objective To assess the application of a quality control scheme for total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as used for participants of the European Randomized Study for Screening of Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) during 1996-2002. Methods From 1996, the first complete year being 1997, an external scheme was organized by the Dutch Quality Assessment Foundation especially for the ERSPC. This scheme consists
Ser72 at the active site of the Escherichia coli dUTPase has been mutated to an alanine, and the properties of the mutant have been investigated. The serine is absolutely conserved among the monomeric and trimeric dUTPases (including the bifunctional dCTP deaminase:dUTPases), and it has been proposed to promote catalysis by balancing negative charge at the oxygen that bridges the alpha- and beta-p
PURPOSE: To determine the effect of radiotherapy in doses 14 to 20 Gy on eradication of carcinoma-in-situ (CIS) testis and on the Leydig cell function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-eight patients presented with unilateral testicular germ cell cancer and CIS of the contralateral testis. The CIS-bearing testis was treated with daily irradiation doses of 2 Gy, 5 days a week, to a cumulative dose of 20
New palaeomagnetic results for the 935 Ma Goteborg-Slussen mafic dykes in southern Sweden provide a well-dated high-quality palaeomagnetic pole for Early Neoproterozoic Baltica. New U-Pb geochronological data for several palaeomagnetically studied mafic intrusions yield three additional well-dated palaeopoles and one virtual geomagnetic pole. This set of dated poles suggests minimal drift of Balti
Musculoskeletal conditions often manifest with the onset of pain and the resulting physical limitations. Musculoskeletal pain is almost inevitable in in individual's lifetime. It is one of the most common reasons for self-medication and entry into the health care system. Musculoskeletal pain affects in 4 adults and is the Most commons Source of serious long-term pain and physical disability. The M
Although it is often assumed that birds strongly prefer tailwinds for their migratory flights, we predict that a strategy of no wind selectivity (traveling independently of winds) may be more favorable than wind selectivity (traveling on tailwind occasions but stopping to rest under headwind occasions) for birds with low energy costs of travel relative to rest and for birds that cannot use stopove
Abstract in UndeterminedThis article presents the development to reliably seal copper canisters containing the Swedish nuclear waste, using friction stir welding. To avoid defects and welding tool fractures, it is important to control the welding temperature within a span of 790–910 degrees C. A cascade controller is used to efficiently suppress fast power input disturbances reducing their impact on the temperature. The
Tri-isopropylsilyl thio-glycosides (TIPS S-glycosides) were synthesized through base promoted SN2 substitution of glycosyl halides with TIPS-SH or by Lewis acid promoted glycosylation of TIPS-SH with glycosyl acetates or p-methoxyphenyl glycosides. Various thioglycoside derivatives were obtained in high yields by one-pot fluoride-mediated de-silylation and thiol alkylation with alkyl halides or Mi
BackgroundVariants within the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene are recognized as the most frequent genetic cause of Parkinson's disease. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 variation related to disease susceptibility displays many features that reflect the nature of complex, late-onset sporadic disorders like Parkinson's disease. MethodsThe Genetic Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease Consortium recently
When flying through narrow spaces, insects control their position by balancing the magnitude of apparent image motion (optic flow) experienced in each eye and their speed by holding this value about a desired set-point. Previously, it has been shown that when bumblebees encounter sudden changes in the proximity to nearby surfaces - as indicated by a change in the magnitude of optic flow on each si
Haemophilus influenzae protein E (PE) is a multifunctional adhesin, involved in direct interactions with lung epithelial cells and host proteins, including plasminogen and the extracellular matrix proteins vitronectin and laminin. We recently crystallized PE and successfully collected X-ray diffraction data to 1.8 Å. Here we solved the structure of a recombinant version of PE and analyzed differen
Background: In audiologic practice, complementary information sources and access to the clinician between appointments improve information retention and facilitate adjustment behaviors. An Internet-based support system is a novel way to support information sharing and clinician access. Purpose: This research forum article describes the process of developing an Internet-based support system for aud
Most known starfish species possess a compound eye at the tip of each arm, which, except for the lack of true optics, resembles an arthropod compound eye. Although these compound eyes have been known for about two centuries, no visually guided behaviour has ever been directly associated with their presence. There are indications that they are involved in negative phototaxis but this may also be go
