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Imagine a world in which damaged parts of the body – an arm, an eye, and ultimately a region of the brain – can be replaced by artificial implants capable of restoring or even enhancing human performance. The associated improvements in the quality of human life would revolutionize the medical world and produce sweeping changes across society. In this chapter, we discuss several approaches to the f
Adolescence and emerging adulthood are key developmental stages with high risk for trauma exposure and the development of mental and substance use disorders (SUDs). The aim of this study was to compare the clinical profiles of adolescents (aged 12-17 years) and emerging adults (aged 18-25 years) presenting for treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and SUD. Design/methodology/approach:
BACKGROUND: Analyses of clinical outcomes following radiotherapy (RT) have advanced our understanding of fundamental radiobiological characteristics in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Low fractionation sensitivity appears to be a common feature, as well as susceptibility to changes in overall treatment time (OTT). Large tumors should be harder to cure if a successful RT requires the
With population aging, more adults across Europe face competing demands of working for pay and caring for elderly family members. Associated tradeoffs are expected to be negative,gendered and vary across contexts with different levels of gender equality, public support for eldercare, and work-family balance. Using SHARE data from 2004 to 2020, we investigated how unpaid caregiving to independently
Objectives: This study investigated comorbidity in chemical intolerance (CI) and building-related intolerance (BRI) with (i) chronic sinusitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, allergic and nonallergic asthma and allergic rhinitis, and (ii) airway inflammatory symptoms. Methods: Data from two population-based questionnaire surveys, the Västerbotten and Österbotten Environmental Health Studie
An interleaved pseudocinematographic FLASH (fast low-angle shot) sequence with additional pulsed gradients for flow encoding was used to quantify cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow velocities and CSF production. Flow-dependent phase information was obtained by subtracting two differently encoded phase images. The phase information in the resultant image was converted to flow velocity with a calibratio
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a complex interplay of various factors. However, a satisfactory cure for AD remains elusive. Pharmacological interventions based on drug targets are considered the most cost-effective therapeutic strategy. Therefore, it is paramount to search potential drug targets and drugs for AD. Objective: We aimed to provide novel
Certain oxygenated compounds, called oxygenates, when blended with gasoline, have the ability to inhibit the occurrence of engine knock, thus helping improve spark-ignition engine efficiency. Similarly, oxygenates can also be added to diesel fuel to decrease the exhaust emissions—soot in particular—from diesel engines. Although ethanol and biodiesel have had widespread use as oxygenates for gasoli
Despite medical, technical, and pedagogical advances, the risk for language impairment is still much higher in deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children than in hearing peers. Research on linguistic, cognitive, and communicative development in DHH children has found a range of basic spoken language deficits. Twenty percent to 50% of deaf children still meet criteria for language impairment. Tests of
Aim A key component of library management is meeting the needs of our users. This requires continuous analysis of user experience followed by library development. The aim of this study was to better understand the use and effect of general user surveys (GUS) and other methods of gathering user input for quality assessment and improvement of library activities. Methods Data collection was done via
The paper presents an application of job process planning and scheduling into the production of turned parts. Both planning and scheduling are controlled by the genetic algorithm (GA) approach in order to achieve optimum plans. Genetic algorithms are one of the artificial intelligence methods. With GA we are searching in an iterative manner for possible schedules taking into account the limitation
The study of (anti-)deuteron production in pp collisions has proven to be a powerful tool to investigate the formation mechanism of loosely bound states in high-energy hadronic collisions. In this paper the production of (anti-)deuterons is studied as a function of the charged particle multiplicity in inelastic pp collisions at s=13 TeV using the ALICE experiment. Thanks to the large number of acc
Mutational signatures are patterns of mutations that arise during tumorigenesis. We present an enhanced, practical framework for mutational signature analyses. Applying these methods to 3,107 whole-genome-sequenced (WGS) primary cancers of 21 organs reveals known signatures and nine previously undescribed rearrangement signatures. We highlight interorgan variability of signatures and present a way
In the 20th century, the scientific community recognized global climate change as a preeminent challenge facing our planet. The primary driver of this predicament was identified as the substantial reliance on fossil fuels, constituting approximately 80% of the world's energy consumption. The combustion of these fossil fuels, particularly those rich in carbon, led to the emission of greenhouse gase
The cross-section average (CA) augmentation approach of Pesaran (A simple panel unit root test in presence of cross-section dependence. Journal of Applied Econometrics 2007; 22: 265–312) and Pesaran et al. (Panel unit root test in the presence of a multifactor error structure. Journal of Econometrics 2013; 175: 94–115), and the principal components-based panel analysis of non-stationarity in idios
Background To assess the feasibility and psychosocial impact of a hospital-based home care (HBHC) program for children with cancer. Procedure A HBHC program was carried out with 51 children (018 years) with cancer to assess its feasibility in terms of satisfaction, care preferences, safety, and cost. A controlled trial was conducted to assess children's health-related quality of life (HRQOL) using
