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Background: Stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) may decrease the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), but the risk of infection may be increased. In this study, we aimed to describe SUP practices in adult ICUs. We hypothesised that patient selection for SUP varies both within and between countries. MethodsAdult ICUs were invited to participate in the surv
Background: Dead biomass, including woody debris (WD), is an important component of the carbon cycle in tropical forests. Aims: This study analyses WD (>2 cm) and other above-ground fluxes in mature tropical forest plots along an elevational gradient (210-3025 m above sea level) in southern Peru. Methods: This work was based on inventories of fine and coarse WD (FWD and CWD, respectively), above-g
Smoking is an established risk factor for pancreatic cancer, previously investigated by the means of questionnaires. Using cotinine as a biomarker for tobacco exposure allows more accurate quantitative analyses to be performed. This study on pancreatic cancer, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC cohort), included 146 cases and 146 matched controls.
ABSTRACT Background: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) constitutes a spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders associated with degeneration of, predominantly, the frontal and temporal lobes. The clinical heterogeneity is evident, and early diagnosis is a challenge. The primary objectives were to characterize psychotic symptoms, initial clinical diagnoses and family history in neuropathologically verifie
The radionuclide (210)Po is of importance from a radiation protection view and has properties that cause special problems when attempting to determine the body content in humans. Estimates have traditionally been made from either urine and/or fecal samples, which require a time-consuming radiochemical preparation before alpha spectrometric determination. In order to find a more simple and less lab
Patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) often escape inclusion in clinical trials and thus, population-based studies are crucial for its accurate characterization. In this first large population-based study on secondary AML, we studied AML with an antecedent hematological disease (AHD-AML) or therapy-related AML (t-AML) in the population-based Swedish Acute Leukemia Registry. The stud
Aim of the study: Quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a critical determinant of outcome following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The aim of our study was to evaluate the quality of CPR provided by emergency medical service providers (Basic Life Support (BLS) capability) and emergency medical service providers assisted by paramedics, nurse anesthetists or physician-manned ambulances
BACKGROUND:: There is a lack of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) studies in Chinese women with cervical cancer. OBJECTIVE:: The objectives of this study were to investigate the HRQOL trajectory in women with cervical cancer in Mainland China in the 9 months following diagnosis and to identify factors that influence HRQOL. METHODS:: Initially, 187 patients with cervical cancer were included i
Neurodegenerative dementia, most frequently represented by Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), is often accompanied by altered sleeping patterns and excessive daytime sleepiness. Studies showing an association between the neuropeptide orexin and AD/DLB-related processes such as amyloid-β (Aβ)1-42 plaque formation, α-synuclein accumulation, and inflammation indicate that o
Hyaluronic acid (HA) has been shown to affect angiogenesis and the function of the blood-brain barrier, and a crucial role for HA in atherosclerosis has been described. We have recently demonstrated changes in the levels of HA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) with documented vascular alterations. To further investigate if the level of HA in CSF can be used as
Polypharmacy increases the risk of drug-drug interactions that may disturb treatment effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of codispensing of potentially interacting or contraindicated drugs related to PH-specific treatment in the Swedish pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) population. All prescribed drugs, on an
Background: An understudied variant of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the behavioral/dysexecutive variant of AD (bvAD), is associated with progressive personality, behavior, and/or executive dysfunction and frontal atrophy. Objective: This study characterizes the neuropsychological and neuroanatomical features associated with bvAD by comparing it to behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), a
Background: Menière’s disease is an idiopathic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo lasting more than 20 min, unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus. If vertigo attacks occur frequently, the patient is usually severely incapacitated. Currently, there is no consensus on the treatment of Menière’s disease. The evidence regarding most treatment options is sparse due to
Objective: Fatigue is one of the most prevalent and distressing symptoms reported by survivors of childhood cancer. There is currently a lack of longitudinal studies on cancer-related fatigue, and especially on the relationship between the course of fatigue during treatment and fatigue at follow-up. The purpose of the current study was therefore to investigate if the course of fatigue during treat
Background: Considering the adverse reactions to vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), some people, particularly the elderly and those with underlying medical conditions, are hesitant to be vaccinated. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of adverse reactions and provide direct evidence of vaccine safety, mainly for the elderly and people with underlying medical conditions
An accurate estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) is vital for understanding the global hydrological cycle. However, large uncertainties in the present global ET products originate from the distinct model structures, assumptions, and inputs. The maximum entropy production (MEP) model provides a novel method for modeling ET based on parsimonious inputs and energy conservation. In this study, an R p
BackgroundSurgical site infections (SSI) in the groin after vascular surgery are common. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on SSI incidence when applied on closed inguinal incisions after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).MethodsA multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT). Between November 2013 and December 2020, 377 incisions (336 bila
Background: Voluntary activation deficit of the quadriceps muscle group is a common symptom in populations with knee joint injury. Musculoskeletal modeling and simulations can improve our understanding of pathological conditions; however, they are mathematically complex which can limit their clinical application. A practical subject-specific modeling framework is introduced to evaluate knee extens
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has emerged as an important imaging technique for prostate cancer. The use of PSMA PET/CT is rapidly increasing, while the number of nuclear medicine physicians and radiologists to interpret these scans is limited. Additionally, there is variability in interpretation among readers. Artificial intell
ObjectivesTo study if active sun exposure among women affects the risk of developing GCA or PMR in a prospective cohort study with restricted latitudinal variability.MethodsWe linked the response to questions relating to sun exposure from the Melanoma Inquiry in Southern Sweden (MISS) prospective cohort study in women to the risk of developing GCA or PMR. Healthcare data were gathered from the Skå
