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ABSTRACT Titel: Music teachers’ discretionary power – possibilities and limitations. According to previous research in music education, during recent decades the working conditions for professional music teachers in schools have changed radically. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the working conditions of music teachers by focusing on their experiences of and ideas about discretionary pow
Popular Abstract in Swedish Proteiner är livsnödvändiga. I grunden består de av utsträckta kedjor av aminosyror, av vilka det endast finns 20 olika sorter. Dessa är dock nödvändiga för livsviktiga funktioner i organismer, så som att agera som katalysatorer för biokemiska reaktioner, att transportera molekyler och att strukturellt hålla ihop vävnad. Proteiner är ofta specialiserade för deras givna Proteins carry out the instructions encoded in genes and are crucial for many important tasks in the living organism. Often the specific three dimensional structure, or fold, of a protein enables it to carry out a given task. It is an open question whether protein folds have arisen independently or whether mutations to existing protein sequences have caused switches to new folds. In the main part
Bibliometric impact analyses show that Swedish research has less international visibility than Danish research. When taking a global view on all subject fields and selecting publications cited higher than the 90th percentile, i.e., the Top 10 %—publications, the Swedish Research Council shows that although Sweden ranks 15 % above world average, Denmark, the Netherlands and Switzerland rank 35–40 %
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vad innebär det att muta någon? Vad är egentligen en muta? Denna studie har motiverats av sådana frågor. Det centrala argumentet är att mutor och korruption inte enbart tillhör ett samhälles juridiska sfär utan även dess sociala och moraliska. Om ett agerande ska anses korrupt eller hederligt, klandervärt eller klanderfritt (eller någonting däremellan) avgörs inte enbarWhat does it mean to bribe someone? What is the meaning of bribes? Questions like these have motivated this study. Its central argument is that the folk meanings of “bribes” and “corruption” depend on people’s symbolic demarcations and definitions. Corruption is something we actively define as well as something through which we define ourselves. A specific case has been used: stories about bribes
Popular Abstract in Swedish En hjärtinfarkt, dvs död hjärtmuskel, uppstår då en del av hjärtats muskel inte blodförsörjs, exempelvis genom att en propp bildats i ett av hjärtats blodkärl. Detta tillstånd bör behandlas snarast möjligt för att rädda största möjliga del av hjärtmuskeln, eftersom en större infarkt innebär sämre pumpfunktion vilket ger patienten sämre prognos. Tidsförloppet för en hjärThe effect of duration of ischaemia on final infarct size is well established in animal studies, but not fully evaluated in humans. Delayed contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) can be used to distinguish between viable and non-viable myocardium and thus to quantify infarct size. We therefore used DE-MRI to investigate how duration of ischaemia affects final infarct size normalized
The first stories about Kluskap, the culture hero of the Mi’kmaq in eastern Canada, were written down at the end of the 19th century. The romantic epoch and the environmental failures of industrialism had generated a growing interest for the “Indian”, who seemed to inherit the continent’s authentic “poetry of the Volk” and harbour deep wisdom about nature. The first written literature about Kluska
In a Swedish brass band a program for change was pursued which aimed to improve the artistic level of playing of the ensemble without replacing less competent members. At the time for the study the band comprised 34 members, four of whom were female. The research question was: How does community and group coherence interact with the goal to improve the musical standard in an amateur brass band? T
The characterization of the incident photon beam is usually divided into its dependence on collimator setting (head-scatter factor) and off-axis position (primary off-axis ratio). These parameters are normally measured "in air" with a build-up cap thick enough to generate full dose build-up at the depth of dose maximum. In order to prevent any influence from contaminating electrons, it has been re
Today, embedded systems often consist of many different processing, communication, and memory units. This makes an embedded system a multiprocessor system. There are usually many possible multiprocessor architectures and therefore we need tool support for fast evaluation of numerous design alternatives. However, there is a lack of this type of tools which is partially caused by the inherent comple
Low tidal volume (V-T), PEEP, and low plateau pressure (P-PLAT) are lung protective during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study tested the hypothesis that the aspiration of dead space (ASPIDS) together with computer simulation can help maintain gas exchange at these settings, thus promoting protection of the lungs. ARDS was induced in pigs using surfactant perturbation plus an in
In a series of smog chamber experiments, the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generated from ozonolysis of beta-caryophyllene was characterized by determining the CCN derived hygroscopicity parameter, kappa(CCN), from experimental data. Two types of CCN counters, operating at different temperatures, were used. The effect of semi-volatile organic compounds
The effects of low-level ozone exposure and suppression of natural mycorrhizas on the above-ground chemical quality of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needles and insect herbivore performance were studied in a two-year field experiment. Seedlings were fumigated with the ozone doses 1.5–1.7 times the ambient, and natural mycorrhizal infection level was about 35% reduced in roots with fungicide pro
Screening for type 1 diabetes (T1DM) risk in newborns has little negative emotional impact on mothers. In this study, the impact on the mother and the father was evaluated both in the general population and in families with diabetes. All parents with a newborn in Skåne, Sweden, were invited to a screening for T1DM risk in their children (the Diabetes Prediction in Skåne (DiPiS)). Blood was obtaine
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a co-transmitter in sympathetic nerves and released from platelets, has recently been shown to stimulate growth of vascular smooth muscle cells. It might therefore contribute to the development of vascular hypertrophy seen in hypertension and atherosclerosis. We aimed at characterising the receptor mediating this mitogenic effect in rat aorta smooth muscle cells. The
Purpose: Tumor-Node-Metastasis classification does not fully predict outcome of treatment and prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Different biomarkers have been suggested to yield additional prognostic information, but no single marker has thus far been introduced in the clinic. The objective of the present study was to analyze the copy number of the frequently
Plants have evolved many mechanisms to increase the chance of gene dispersal mainly through pollen and environmental factors play an important role. Understanding the mechanism behind gene dispersal is therefore crucial in the correct evaluation of the use of genetically modified crops for cultivation. In this paper we address the question of weather nutrient availability for the female affects th
Purpose: To characterize the clinical phenotype, with emphasis on electrophysiology, of two children with suspected Bothnia dystrophy. Methods: Two unrelated affected patients, 10 and 11 years old, were studied. Ophthalmological examination included testing of visual acuity, fundus inspection and fundus photography, kinetic perimetry, full-field electroretinogram (ERG), and multifocal ERG. The pre
The heat requirement of a building can turn out to be greater than was calculated at the design stage. The reason for this may be that heat transport though the building envelope is greater than expected. This in turn can be due to the structure not fulfilling the design requirements in respect of windtightness and airtightness. In addition, there may be defects in the quality of the workmanship o
BACKGROUND: It has been assumed that gastrin stimulates the growth of pancreatic cancer in an autocrine way through co-expression of gastrin and the cholecystokinin-B receptor (CCK-BR). However, pancreatic cancer cell lines established directly from patients have revealed a great heterogeneity in cell proliferation when exposed to CCK, gastrin and their receptor antagonists. The aim of this study
Abstract. Andréasson K, Scheja A, Saxne T, Ohlsson B, Hesselstrand R. (Section for Rheumatology; Section for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden). Faecal calprotectin: a biomarker of gastrointestinal disease in systemic sclerosis. J Intern Med 2010; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02340.x. Background. Assessment of gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in systemic sclerosis (S
