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Den 1 juli 2018 ändrades Sveriges sexualbrottslagstiftning i syfte att stärka skyddet av individers sexuella integritet och självbestämmanderätt. Lagändringen innebär att straffbarhet numera avgörs utifrån om deltagandet i en sexuell handling är frivilligt eller inte, oavsett våld, hot eller särskilt utsatt situation. Dessutom infördes ett oaktsamhetsansvar för våldtäkt (6 kap. 1 a § brottsbalken)On 1 July 2018, Sweden amended its sexual offence legislation to strengthen the protection of individuals' sexual integrity and self-determination. The reform criminalized the performance of sexual acts with someone who does not participate voluntarily, regardless of violence, threats or exploitation of a particularly vulnerable situation. In addition, negligent rape was introduced as a new cr

Fracture-mechanics-based avalanche failure modeling offers a promising approach for predicting slope-specific snow stability, as opposed to broader regional avalanche danger levels. Understanding slab avalanche failure through weak layer collapse, governed by both material strength and toughness, is rooted in the coupled criterion proposed by Leguillion. This thesis implements a novel algorithm to

Blockkedje-teknologin har skapat ett nytt verktyg för avtalsingående, så kallade smarta kontrakt. Smarta kontrakt möjliggör decentraliserade, digitala och autonoma avtal som exekveras av sig själva när ett antal parametrar är uppfyllda. En grundläggande fråga är om avtal enligt svensk rätt kan ingås på detta sätt. Av denna anledning ställer uppsatsen frågan om huruvida smarta kontrakt uppfyller föBlockchain technology has created a new tool for contract formation: smart contracts. Smart contracts enable decentralized, digital, and autonomous contracts that self-execute when a set of parameters is met. Can contracts under Swedish law be entered into through smart contracts? This is an important question to answer. For that reason, the paper poses the question of whether smart contracts meet

Ökad undersökningsdjupet i magnetomotoriskt ultraljud med hjälp av ett homogent magnetfält. Medicinska bilder spelar en stor roll för att ställa diagnoser och styra terapi. Olika discipliner som radiologi, endoskopi eller mikroskopi används för att skapa bilder på människan, alla med olika syften. Diagnostiskt ultraljud är en av dessa bildgivande metoder. En så kallad prob sänder ut ljud i olika Magnetomotive Ultrasound, MMUS, is an imaging modality used to reveal a magnetic contrast agent using an external time-varying inhomogeneous magnetic field. By this, the particles are set in motion, and the motion is detected with ultrasound. The technique has applications in cancer detection but is limited in penetration as the magnetic field decreases rapidly with distance. Instead of increasing

I syfte att säkerställa den grundläggande rätten till skydd av data samt att motverka fragmenteringen av dataskyddsrätten inom EU infördes den allmänna dataskyddsförordningen, ’GDPR’. För att personuppgiftsbehandling ska vara tillåtet under GDPR, krävs det rättslig grund, exempelvis samtycke. För särskilda behandlingsändamål inom elektronisk kommunikation fastställer ePrivacy-direktivet att enbartAs a means to safeguard the fundamental right to data protection in light of the rapid advancement of use of technology and to address the fragmented implementation of data protection, the GDPR was introduced. For processing of personal data to be lawful under the GDPR, processing must have a legal basis, such as consent. The ePrivacy Directive establishes that consent is the only valid legal basi

Artikel 17 DSM-direktivet har varit ett oerhört hett debattämne de senaste åren. Den juridiska debatten har främst centrerat kring frågor om yttrandefrihet på internet och kring risken för att artikeln skulle innebära slutet på det fria internetet för användaren. Farhågan för detta var reell och Sverige röstade slutligen nej till direktivet då det antogs av Europeiska rådet 2019. Trots direktivetsArticle 17 of the EU copyright directive has been an incredibly hot topic of debate in recent years. The legal discussion has mainly centered on issues of freedom of expression on the internet and the question of whether article 17 would mean the end of the free internet for the user. The fear of this led to Sweden finally voting no to the adoption of the directive in the European Council in 2019.

Uppsatsen behandlar likhetsprincipen och generalklausulerna i svensk aktiebolagsrätt. Reglerna utgör en del av det så kallade minoritetsskyddet. Även om bestämmelserna är gamla, är tillämpningen och förhållandet mellan likhetsprincipen och generalklausulerna något som fortfarande debatteras. Syftet med uppsatsen är att utröna hur tillämpningen av reglerna ska förstås och hur de förhåller sig till The thesis deals with the principle of equality and the general clauses in the Swedish Companies Act. The rules form part of the so-called minority protection. Although the regulations are old, the application and relationship between the principle of equality and the general clauses is something that is still debated. The essay aims to find out how the application of the rules should be understoo

In recent years, the construction industry has faced unprecedented challenges related to abnormal price increases on building materials, which have not been experienced since the 1970s oil crisis. These price hikes have been caused by a various of factors, including the COVID-19 pandemic, war in Europe, trade sanctions and high energy prices. Consequently, fixed-price contracts face the risk of si

Att en tappande säljare på grund av res judicata hindras att yrka betalning för samma vara i ett senare mål är uppenbart, men för en köpare kan det komma som en överraskning att hon därmed beskurits möjligheten att tala å fel i det sålda godset. Enligt principen om betalningsskyldighetens odelbarhet anses betalningsskyldigheten för en vara eller tjänst odelbar i rättskraftshänseende. HD uttrycker Owing to the principle of res iudicata, it is obvious that a seller of goods who have found himself on the losing side of a court case may not again pursue further litigation against the defendant. For the defendant however, it may come as a surprise that she is thus cut off from the opportunity to initiate a lawsuit against the seller on the grounds of the goods being faulty. According to the pri

Under de senaste åren har möjligheten till att arbeta hemifrån och på distans i Sverige ökat i stor omfattning, speciellt med tanke på COVID-19 pandemin. Arbetssättet som det flexibla arbetslivet medför, har inneburit att fler arbeten kan utföras utan tidsmässiga, rumsliga eller organisatoriska gränser. Arbete hemifrån och på distans har öppnat en ny värld för flexibilitet i arbetslivet, men samtiDuring the last couple of years, teleworking in Sweden have increased to a large extent, especially considering the COVID-19 pandemic. The way of working that the flexible work life entails, means that more types of work can be carried out without temporal, spatial or organizational limits. Teleworking have opened a new world for flexibility in the work life, but at the same time it has entailed r

The world is slowly moving towards a more environmentally friendly mindset and many companies, such as Tetra Pak® have followed this lead by producing more environmentally friendly products and developing better materials with less environmental impact. To accommodate these requirements, it is important that the package is recyclable. For a carton this is defined by the repulpability, i.e., the ab

Despite prayer being one of the most central tenets of Islam, this subject has drawn the attention of surprisingly little scholarship, especially when it comes to studying its origin against pre-Islamic analogues. Thus, this thesis proposes a reconstruction of the very early history of the fivefold daily Islamic liturgy, attempting also to weigh the extent of the influence that pre-Islamic religio

The purpose of my essay is to examine how the archival world in Sweden is handling the question of sami archives. The Sami people are the Indigenous people of Sweden, as well as of Norway, Finland, and Russia, and have historically been subjugated to assimilation politics and restrictive policies regarding their land and rights, and the consequences can still be seen today. This is also reflec

von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common hereditary bleeding disorder. It is caused by quantitative and/or qualitative defects of the von Willebrand factor (VWF). The severity of the disease can vary considerably, as can the hereditary patterns. The variable phenotypes of VWD have given rise to a classification scheme that divides the disease into three types according to how it is manifest

Popular Abstract in Swedish Idén om ett särskilt slag av algebraiska strukturer, kallade "vertexoperator-algebror", uppstod på 1980-talet. Dessa algebror används för att formulera fenomen inom fysikens strängteori. Närmare bestämt beskrivs partiklar inom denna teori som vibrerande linjer (eller slutna öglor) snarare än punkter, och algebrornas operatorer avser att visa hur två sådana strängar kan The main purpose of this thesis is the study of the structure and representation theory of simple vertex operator algebras (VOAs) of affine type at admissible levels. To do this, it is crucial to obtain knowledge of the singular vectors which generate the maximal submodules, with respect to which these VOAs appear as irreducible quotients, and therefore a substantial part of the text is devoted to

Objective: The rate of failed interlock blood alcohol content (BAC) tests is a strong predictor of recidivism post-interlock and a partial proxy for alcohol use. Alcohol biomarkers measured at the start of an interlock program are known to correlate well with rates of failed BAC tests over months of interlock use. This study evaluates 2 methods of measuring low blood levels of the biomarker phosph

När din logistik är permanent temporär behövs temporärt permanenta lösningar. För lager innebär det ofta tält. Hur används dessa tält och vilka utmaningar finns? Det försöker vi lista ut! Antalet humanitära katastrofer i världen ökar ständigt. Orsaker varierar från människa till natur, men en aspekt av konsekvenserna är ofta densamma: utsatta människor. Det internationella engagemanget för att koThis thesis is an explorative single case study on the United Nations Logistics Cluster with the purpose to explore the usage of collaborative Mobile Storage Unit (MSU) warehouses in terms of determining their activities’ and decisions’ connection to the disaster management cycle, as well as their challenges’ connection to the contextual factors of the humanitarian supply chain (HSC). It attempts

This process and material driven project was from the beginning focused on wast materials. The fact that the world population is rapidly increasing made me think of it as a possible source of material, instead of just an outlet of waste. With an interest in the controversial, I decided to work with human hair. The key structural material in hair is a protein called alpha-keratin. Early hopes of pr

Det nuvarande globala systemet är organiserat i territoriella, suveräna stater – ett system som vilar på många antaganden. En viktig aspekt är att påståendet att en del av att vara suverän för med sig förmågan att kontrollera ens gränser och förekomsten av icke-medborgare på ens territorium. Samtidigt visar senare utveckling att förhållningssätt (och försök att reglera) individer som korsar gränseThe current global order is organised into territorial, sovereign states – a system built upon many assumptions. One major aspect is the claim that being sovereign entails the ability to control one’s borders as well as the presence of aliens on one’s territory. At the same time, recent developments have shown that approaches to (and attempts to regulate) individuals crossing borders cannot be und

The master thesis was carried out for Sandvik SRP in cooperation with the division of Production and Materials Engineering at the Faculty of Engineering at Lund University. This thesis is part of a larger research project with the title ”Blyfria kopparlegeringar” funded by Vinnova within SIO Produktion 2030. Lead-free bearing-materials, which could be used to replace the current bear-ing-material