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De senaste åren har svenska domstolar ställts inför en ny invändning i våldtäktsmål. Invändningen gäller sexsomni vilket innebär att den tilltalade begått den sexuella handlingen i sömnen och att uppsåt för handlingen således har saknats. När åklagaren i dessa fall inte lyckats motbevisa invändningen har domstolen tvingats fria den tilltalande från ansvar. En tidigare historia av somnambulism elleIn the past few years Swedish courts have been faced with a new objection in cases concerning rape. The objection is that of sexsomnia which means that the defendant committed the sexual act in their sleep and therefore lacked criminal intent for their actions. When the prosecution in these cases have not been able to offer evidence to disprove the objection, the courts have had to present a non-g

Självförsvarsrätten är en viktig del av den internationella rätten och den reglerar staters rätt att försvara sig mot väpnade angrepp. I samband med att icke-statliga aktörer har fått större möjlighet att utföra stora väpnade angrepp, har frågan om självförsvar mot icke-statliga aktörer växt fram. Denna fråga har varit en av de mest omdiskuterade frågorna i internationell rätt. Uppsatsen kommer däThe right of self-defense is an important part of international law. It regulates the right of a state to defend itself against an armed attack. Non-state actors have in the recent past been able to carry out large scale armed attacks. Therefore, the question of a state´s right to defend itself against non-state actors has been widely debated in international law. This essay will examine the possi

Om dina ögon vore lika känsliga som astronomers toppmoderna teleskop skulle du kunna se långa band av ljus när du kollar upp mot himlen. Dessa band kallas stjärnströmmar och befinner sig i yttre delen av våran galax, Vintergatan. Strömmarna skapas från en klump av stjärnor, t.ex. en dvärggalax, medan de roterar runt Vintergatan. Det som händer är att stjärnor slits loss från klumpen och dras ut tiThe orbital approximation for stellar streams is the assumption that all stars in a stream can be described as following the same orbit. In this thesis, I evaluate this approximation as a method for constraining the potential of the Milky Way. I wrote a program in MATLAB which integrates the orbits of test particles in a potential model which resembles that of the Milky Way's halo and disc. Th

The relationship between a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) and a government can be unpredictable, which could complicate the NGO’s operations in a resource dependent environment. If a government decides to abruptly cut its official development assistance allocation towards the civil society; does that not only reflect the government’s new development policy but it might also jeopardize the con

Around the world, the treatment of food waste is a major administrative and environmental problem throughout the food supply chain. Beijing, as any other mega city, is facing vast issues of sustainable food waste treatment in addition to efforts for food waste reduction. Presently the majority of Beijing's food waste is treated together with the mixed residual waste in landfills (53%) and inci

Mediation processes are becoming increasingly salient in western society, and since tourism is one of the characteristics of modern societies the tourism practices follow this increase. The increasing emphasis on the visual as a prominent sense for our understanding of the physical world has led to increase desire for photography. Social media has created platforms for new remedies of photo sharin

Interactions play a crucial role in determining how galaxies evolve in terms of their morphologies and star formation histories, since the majority of the known galaxies in the nearby Universe are found to exist in groups. Compact groups of galaxies are of particular interest as they contain a small number of galaxies in dense configurations and host repeated interactions between them, enabling us

STYRD KYLNING AV GJUTGODS – ett allt hetare ämne Många industrier står idag inför stora utmaningar angående resurseffektivitet och energi-användning, inte minst de som involverar väldigt energikrävande processer. Metall- och gjuteriindustrin står idag för ungefär 15% av energi-användningen i Sverige. Därför finns det intresse att utreda möjligheterna för att återanvända värme som i dagsläget går tIn this project, the cooling and solidification processes for a Valmet Foundry product have been simulated in order to shorten the cooling time. The study has also been done in cooperation with RISE Swecast in Jönköping, as a part of finding ways to make casting procedures more energy efficient. Another scope of the study is to evaluate how well COMSOL Multiphysics can be used to simulate these ty

Thesis purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the antecedents of brand transparency and test their impact on the customers’ perception of transparency within the apparel industry. More specifically, the study has two objectives firstly, to identify the antecedents of consumers’ perception of brand transparency, and secondly, to empirically test the identified antecedents and their im

This thesis deals with the problem of outsourced emissions, the situation when the consumption of (predominantly Global North) countries with high carbon efficiency drives emissions in (predominantly Global South) countries with low carbon efficiency. The EU as a climate leader and an economic superpower subsumes a large share of outsourced emissions. Outsourcing can be measured by the consumption

After the success of Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect, China chose to deepen the opening of the stock market further and launched the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect on December 5, 2016. This paper examines the market liberalization between China and Hong Kong stock markets and the price discovery progress for cross-listed stocks in the two markets before and after the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Co

From the perspective of the Swedish conservative magazine Svensk Tidskrift, this thesis compares the view on nine different totalitarian and authoritarian regimes in Europe during the period 1918–1945. There is a clear research gap when it comes to comparative studies of totalitarian and authoritarian regimes in particular, and of authoritarian regimes in general – a gap this thesis aims to bridge

Title: The valuation and recognition of internally generated brands & trademarks Seminar date: 31st May 2017 Course: Degree project – Accounting and Finance, BUSN79 Authors: Mikael Nilsson & Aisha Hawwari Supervisor: Kristina Artsberg Examinator: Susanne Arvidsson Key words: Internally generated brands, Brand valuation, Reliability, Recognition, Accounting Purpose: In this thesis

Följande arbete undersöker fåmansföretagarens gränsbelopp genom lönebaserat utrymme på dennes kvalificerade andelar. Beräkning av lönebaserat utrymme kan kraftigt öka fåmansföretagarens lågbeskattade utdelning. Reglerna beträffande löneunderlaget är dock komplicerade eftersom oklarheter uppkommer i vilka kontanta ersättningar som omfattas samt att det finns en rad krav andelsägaren måste uppfylla The following study examines the salary-based taxations rules in close companies on the owners qualified shares. The special taxations rules regarding dividends in these close companies can lead to big taxation benefits for the shareholder. The legal framework is however unclear when it comes to what salaries that are incorporated and will affect the dividend. For the rules to apply, the sharehold

Denna framställning behandlar förekomsten och den eventuella omfattningen av ett humanitärt undantag till människosmugglingsbestämmelsen i 20 kap. 8 § utlänningslagen (2005:716). Enligt denna bestämmelse stadgas att den som uppsåtligen hjälper en utlänning att olovligen komma in i eller passera genom Sverige döms för människosmuggling. I förarbeten har dock framhållits att ideell verksamhet som enThis thesis explores the existence and possible scope of a humanitarian exception to the human smuggling provision in Chapter 20 § 8 of the Aliens Act (2005:716). Under this provision a person who intentionally assists an alien to enter, or transit across, Swedish territory in breach of the law is sentenced to human smuggling. However, in the legislative history it has been stated that actions aim

Att polisen använder sig av provokativa åtgärder i brottsbekämpningen är i viss mån accepterat i Sverige. Brottsprovokation och bevisprovokation anses vara nödvändiga metoder för att bekämpa allvarlig och organiserad brottslighet och har blivit ett allt vanligare inslag i polisens arbete sedan början av 1980-talet. Sedan dess har även en förändring skett vad gäller inställningen till den provoceraThe use of provocative investigative measures is in Sweden an accepted method in the control of crime. These measures are considered to be essential parts in the fight against serious and organized criminality and have become a more commonly used instrument for the police since the early 1980’s. Since then, there has been a change concerning how a criminal is treated legally after being subject to

It is impossible to conceive our modern world without plastics. Since the mass production of plastics began, humanity has produced around 8 billion tons of plastic waste, and only 9% has been recycled. Terephthalic acid polymers such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) have been massively produced over the last years thanks to their characteristics and applications. Due to their limited biodegra

Uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka vad elever säger om de didaktiska aspekterna av Våga!. Våga! är ett utbildningskoncept där musikundervisning och sex- och samlevnadsundervisning möts. Konceptet består av tre delar; en humoristisk, pedagogisk musikföreställning om sex och samlevnad, ett samtal kring föreställningen och ett efterarbetesmaterial. Uppsatsen utgår från Arfwedsson och Arfwedssons (1This essay examines what pupils say about the didactical aspects of Våga! (The Swedish word ”didaktik” is to a large extent equivalent to ”curriculum research”. However, in the lack of an exact translation, the word ”didactics” is used in this abstract, knowing that that word has different connotations in English than in Swedish.) Våga! is an educational concept, in which music education and sexua

Rättvisa är ett otroligt centralt begrepp i straffrätten, i alla tider och i alla länder har vi har diskuterat vad rättvisa innebär och hur den skall uppnås. Ett svar på dessa frågor är teorin Restorative Justice, som utvecklades under senare delen av 1900-talet som ett alternativ till den rent retributiva rättvisan. Restorative Justice kännetecknas av fokus på det lidande och de skyldigheter som The concept of justice, what it implies and how it shall be fulfilled, is something we have debated throughout history in every part of the world. The theory of Restorative Justice aims to give an answer to these questions. Developed towards the end of the twentieth century, as an alternative to the retributive justice, Restorative Justice focuses on the harm and the obligations that a crime creat

Sent i oktober 2012 så orsakade orkanen Sandy stor skada på de Karibiska öarna men senare även i USA, New Jersey, då som ett extratropiskt system. Vädersystemet var annorlunda på många vis jämfört med en "normal" orkan med avseende på dess bana, avsaknaden av ett öga och dess enorma storlek. Dessa egenskaper berodde alla på den rådande cirkulationen i den övre troposfären. Det var växelvIn late October 2012 hurricane Sandy caused a lot of damage to the islands in the Caribbean Sea and later on (as an extratropical cyclone) to the United States; New Jersey. The system was different in many ways relative to “normal” hurricanes, e.g. its track, its lack of eye at times it was classified as a hurricane and its great size which all partly was due to the prevailing circulations in the