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Som svar på Rysslands aggression mot Ukraina år 2022, och överträdelse av våldsförbudet i FN-stadgan, har EU och andra likasinnade länder antagit sanktioner som har fryst den ryska centralbankens tillgångar, vilka beräknas uppgå till 300 miljarder euro. Kriget har orsakat enorma och oberäkneliga skador för Ukraina och dess infrastruktur, ekonomi och befolkning. Misstänka internationella brott och In response to Russia’s aggression and illegal use of force against Ukraine in 2022, in violation of the UN Charter, the EU and other partners adopted sanctions immobilising or freezing the assets of the National Central Bank of Russia, assets possibly amounting to over €300 billion. The war has caused enormous and incalculable damages to Ukraine and its infrastructure, economy and people. Suspect

Eighteen of twenty-five rescue-vessels operated by NGOs in the Mediterranean has been subjected to administrative or criminal sanctions. Whether rescue amounts to a crime is the basis for this thesis, which examines the intersection between prevention of the transnational crime of smuggling, and the rescues often necessary when smugglers facilitate journeys across the sea. Assistance at sea is rev

Grov organiserad brottslighet är många gånger såväl svåråtkomlig som svårutredd. Ett möjligt sätt att råda bot på detta problem är ett så kallat kronvittnessystem. Ett kronvittne är en tilltalad person som har möjlighet att få strafflindring på grund av att denne anger medbrottslingar och medverkar i deras utredning. I Danmark finns redan ett sådant system som infördes genom avgörandet U. 1998.1The organized crime is often very hard to investigate. A possible solution could be a system with crown witnesses, where a defendant may get a mitigation of the sentence if the person reveals violations of other criminals. In Denmark, a system like that exists since the precedent U. 1998.1317 H and is prescribed by law since 2004. In Sweden the system has been systematically rejected but in prec

Personlig integritet innehar ett skydd vilket är grundlagsstadgat. För att besvara frågan vad det egentligen är som skyddas söker jag i denna uppsats svar med hjälp av, dels filosofiska definitioner och dels juridiska definitioner. En entydig förklaring av begreppet personlig integritet finns inte. Den personliga integriteten är inte absolut. En inskränkning får bland annat ske för att tillgodosePersonal integrity has the benefit of enjoying protection regulated by the constitutional law. In order to answer the question, what is being protected, I look for the answers in this paper, using on one hand, philosophical definitions and on the other hand legal definitions. An unequivocal explanation of the concept of personal integrity does not exist. The Personal integrity is not absolute. A

Hästar är i juridisk mening lösa saker, varför konsumentköplagen tillämpas när en konsument köper en häst av en näringsidkare. Det finns idag ingen specialreglering för konsumentköp av levande djur som hästar. Föreliggande uppsats har som syfte att genom rättsdogmatisk metod undersöka hur konsumentköplagens bestämmelser om fel i vara och felpåföljder tillämpas i en tvist som uppstått efter ett häsHorses are legally considered chattels, meaning that the Consumer Sales Act (Konsumentköplagen) is applied when a consumer purchases a horse from a trader. Today there are no special rules for sales of animals such as horses. The purpose of this essay is to critically examine how the Consumer Sales Act’s rules regarding faulty chattel and sanctions are applied in a dispute which regards the purcha

Bestämmelsen om underlåtenhet att avslöja våldtäkt har sällan åberopats i praktiken. Under 2017 prövades brottet av Högsta domstolen vars dom har tolkats i ett annat våldtäktsmål. Uppsatsens huvudsakliga syfte är att analysera de objektiva förutsättningarna för straffbarhet för åskådare vid underlåtenhet att avslöja våldtäkt samt analysera hur bestämmelsen tillämpas i praktiken. Med det avses såväThe provision regarding failure to reveal an ongoing rape has seldom been invoked in court. However, the crime was tried by the Swedish Supreme Court in 2017 and the judgment has been interpreted in another case of rape. The main purpose of the essay is to analyze the objective prerequisites for criminal responsibility regarding spectators in the event of failure to reveal an ongoing rape. This en

För att nå Sveriges transportpolitiska mål är krävs det att fler väljer cykeln som huvudsakligt färdmedel. Genom att prioritera cyklisters trafiksäkerhet och framkomlighet ökar attraktiviteten vilket gör att fler väljer att cykla. I denna studie har tre korsningar i Malmö analyserats med avseende på trafiksäkerhet och framkomlighet där syftet var att undersöka hur trafiksäkerhet och framkomlighet In order to achieve Sweden's transport policy goals, it is required that more people choose the bicycle as their main mode of transport. By prioritizing cyclists' traffic safety and level of service, attractiveness increases, which means that more people choose to cycle. In this study, three intersections in Malmö have been analyzed with regard to traffic safety and level of service, where

One of the main contributors in the immune system are T cells. The exact molecular mechanisms behind T cell activation are not yet fully understood but it starts through the contact between the T cell and an infected cell. In order to study such interaction, supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are used to mimic cell membranes and to reduce its complexity but still retaining the fundamental property of

Ansvarsdebatten som följde av Transportstyrelsens it-affär 2017 inspirerade min frågeställning. Den lyder: Är det lämpligt att utkräva ansvar av statsråd för brister i förvaltningsmyndigheters verksamhet genom misstroendeför-klaring? Frågeställningen avgränsas genom att utgå från Ahlbäcks tre krite-rier angående ansvarsutkrävning. Dessa lyder: någon ska kunna urskiljas som ansvarig, kunskap ska fiThe IT-case of the Swedish Transport Office in 2017 combined with the debate that followed on accountability inspired my question. The question reads as follows: Is it appropriate to hold cabinet ministers accountable for deficiencies in administrative authority activities through a motion of cen-sure? This question is answered by using Ahlbäck’s three criteria for ac-countability. These read: som

Titel: En kommuns platsvarumärkesskapande kommunikation. Författare: Mattias S Jönsson – Philip Essfors – Zinar Omar. Handledare: Veronika Tarnovskaya. Kurs: FEKH29 Examensarbete i marknadsföring på kandidatnivå, 15 HP. Frågeställning: Hur kommunicerar Malmö stad för att stärka sitt platsvarumärke gentemot befintliga och potentiella invånare? Syfte: Uppsatsen syftar till att utgöra ett bidrTitle: A municipality's place branding communication. Authors: Mattias S Jönsson – Philip Essfors – Zinar Omar. Advisor: Veronika Tarnovskaya. Course: FEKH29, Business Administration: Degree Project in Marketing Undergraduate Level, 15 hp. Research question: How does Malmo city communicate to strengthen their place brand towards existing and potential residents? Purpose: The purpose of th

Objective: Several biological activities have been ascribed to islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). However, their physiological relevance remains unclear. Previous studies in rats with exogenous administration of IAPP suggest that the peptide may increase splanchnic vascular resistance and redistribute the blood flow within the pancreas to the islets. In this study, the use of IAPP-deficient mice al

The autumn gum moth, Mnesampela privata, utilizes several species of Eucalyptus planted outside regions of endemism within Australia. We investigated whether foliar monoterpene composition influenced oviposition in the field on the natural primary host (E. globulus) and a novel host (E. rubida), both characterized by nonstructural epicuticular waxes. In the laboratory, oviposition preferences of f

Herbivores are known to decrease plant species diversity in ecosystems with low productivity. Limestone pavements are low-productive habitats harboring specialized communities of cyanobacteria, and endo- and epilithic lichens exposed to extreme temperature and humidity fluctuations. Pavements of the Great Alvar (O¨ land, Sweden) are covered by free-living cyanobacteria giving the rock surface a da

Data on frequency, severity and correlations of NMS with motor complications are only available for a limited number of NMS. The NMS Scale (NMSS) is a validated tool to assess a broad range of NMS, which has not been used in NMS fluctuations. We assessed fluctuations of a broad range of non-motor symptom (NMS) for a 1-month time period in fluctuating Parkinson's disease (PD) in a multicenter cross

Popular Abstract in Swedish Graviditetsdiabetes är diabetes som uppkommer eller först upptäcks under en graviditet. Mellan 1-14 % av alla gravida kvinnor runt om i världen drabbas av graviditetsdiabetes och i Sverige är det ungefär 2 %. I Sverige behandlas graviditetsdiabetes med kostråd och om detta inte räcker lägger man till insulinbehandling. Kända riskfaktorer för att utveckla graviditetsdiabGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) occurs as a complication in 2% of all pregnancies in Sweden. Women with GDM have a substantial risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life, but the risk of developing type 1 diabetes is also increased. GDM increases the risk for macrosomia and caesarean delivery. However, long term prognosis and eventual future risks for children born to mothers with a prev

Context: A summary of the 2nd International Consultation on Bladder Cancer recommendations on the reconstructive options after radical cystectomy (RC), their outcomes, and their complications. Objective: To review the literature regarding indications, surgical details, postoperative care, complications, functional outcomes, as well as quality-of-life measures of patients with different forms of ur

Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with APC mutations do not benefit from 5-FU therapy. It was reported that APC physically interacts with POLβ and FEN1, thus blocking LP-BER via APC's DNA repair inhibitory (DRI) domain in vitro. The aim of this study was to elucidate how APC status affects BER and the response of CRC to 5-FU. HCT-116, HT-29, and LOVO cells varying in APC status were treated with 5-

The Eleonora's Falcon Falco eleonorae breeds on islands and islets in the Mediterranean region and feeds its young on migratory birds caught in the air. The breeding season is scheduled to coincide with the peak of bird migration. Between 12 and 20 September 1997 we measured flight tracks of falcons within a range of 4 km from their breeding cliffs on Isola di San Pietro 6 km off the south-west co

The reasons why some individuals who experience trauma develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) while others do not remain poorly understood, highlighting the complex interplay of encoding-related and intrapersonal factors. This study aimed to examine factors predicting variability in trauma-related symptom development. Using a trauma-film paradigm in a healthy sample (N = 32), we investigate

Semiconductors are at the heart of modern living. Almost everything we do, be it work, travel, communication, or entertainment, all depend on some feature of semiconductor technology. Comprehensive Semiconductor Science and Technology, Second Edition, Three Volume Set captures the breadth of this important field and presents it in a single source to the large audience who study, make, and use semi