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Gross primary production (GPP) is the primary source of all carbon fluxes in the ecosystem. Understanding, variation in this flux is vital to understanding variation in the carbon sink of forest ecosystems, and this would serve as input to forest production models. Using GPP derived from eddy-covariance (EC) Measurements, it is now possible to determine the most important factor to scale GPP acros
The aim of this thesis was to test a tool for assessing insomnia symptoms in elderly persons and to investigate late-life insomnia in terms of associated factors and evidence of non-pharmacological interventions in healthcare settings. Data were collected by means of a systematic literature search (Study I), questionnaires (Studies II-III), interviews and observations (Study IV). The results from
Purpose: It is not yet possible to estimate the number of cases required for a beginner to become expert in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. We estimated the learning curve of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for positive surgical margins compared to a published learning curve for open radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: We reviewed records from 8,544 consecutive patients with prost
Objective To identify predictors of response to methotrexate (MTX) in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods In the SWEFOT trial, patients with RA with symptom duration <1 year started MTX monotherapy (20 mg/weekly) and 405/487 continued until the 3-4-month visit. The primary outcome measure was the DAS28-based European League against Rheumatism (EULAR) response criteria. Multivariate logistic r
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and gastrointestinal (GI) dysmotility disorders have a similar clinical picture, although dysmotility disorders require the attention of a specialist. Patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) have also been described to suffer from IBS-like symptoms. No objective marker is available to distinguish between the patients. A visual analogue scale has be
The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN is used to search for the decay of a scalar boson to a pair of long-lived particles, neutral under the Standard Model gauge group, in 20.3 fb(-1) of data collected in proton-proton collisions at root s = 8 TeV. This search is sensitive to long-lived particles that decay to Standard Model particles producing jets at the outer edge of the ATLAS
Background: Osteoporosis is a common bone disease, which does not give symptoms until the ultimate outcome, the fragility fracture occurs. Regulation of bone mass is controlled by genetic, environmental and nutritional influences. Peak bone mass, defined as the maximum bone mass accrued, is usually reached by the third decade of life and is an important determinant of future osteoporotic fracture.
We present a general technique for detecting and counting small subgraphs. It consists of forming special linear combinations of the numbers of occurrences of different induced subgraphs of fixed size in a graph. These combinations can be efficiently computed by rectangular matrix multiplication. Our two main results utilizing the technique are as follows. Let H be a fixed graph with k vertices an
In recent years measurement techniques and equipment have developed well. The new measurement technology has made companies realize that products not are according to drawings. Meanwhile the products still works as planed and can be sold to customers. The reason that the details are not according to drawings can be traced to a surface with narrow angle tolerance. The project is limited to two sma
Rätten att straffa förbrytare ställer höga krav på rättssystemet att ha rättvisa och robusta prövningsmetoder som säkerställer objektivitet och opartiskhet i rättstillämpningen. Sedan Ciceros tid innefattar detta att straffa för uppsåtet bakom handlingar, snarare än handlingars konsekvenser. Men hur fastslår vi uppsåt? Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur uppsåt hanteras i svensk rätt, oThe legal right to punish perpetrators of crime places high demands on the legal system to have just and robust methods for the application of law, to ensure objectivity and impartiality. Since the time of Cicero this entails punishing the intent of actions, rather than the consequences of actions. But how do we establish intent? This essay aims to investigate how this area is managed in Swedish
Under de senaste åren har lagstiftningen avseende allvarliga våldsbrott kommit att ändrats. Den 1 juli 2014 kom bestämmelsen i 3 kap. 1 § Brottsbalken (BrB) att skärpas på nytt och syftade till att fängelse på livstid i betydligt större utsträckning skulle utdömas. Lagtekniskt innebar ändringen att det i straffskalan för mord lades till att straffet för mord bör bestraffas med livstids fängelse ”oThe provision in the Swedish Penal Code Chapter 3 section 1, which regulates the penalty for murder, has been altered several times during the recent years. The latest alteration of the provision took place in July 2014 with the aim that life imprisonment should be the "average penalty". The provision was altered by adding the wording that the penalty for murder should be life imprisonme
Det finns idag en ökad förståelse för medarbetarnas kommunikativa roll i organisationer, vilket kan förstås genom begreppet ambassadörskap. Samtidigt som organisationen vill uppmuntra sina anställda att agera som ambassadörer på sociala medier, vill man också kontrollera medarbetarnas röst för att säkra ett enhetligt budskap. Detta utgör således en spänning mellan kontroll och frihet av medarbetarToday there is an increased understanding of employees' communicative role in organizations, which can be understood through the concept of ambassadorship. While organizations want to encourage employees to act as ambassadors on social media, they also want to control employee voice to secure a consistent message. Therefore, there is a tension between control and freedom of the employees'
The topic of government and state officials leaving public service for the private sector has been a recurring talking point in the last decades with multiple countries in the OECD enacting different forms of regulation to contain potential conflicts of interest. In Sweden, legislation specifically regulating the phenomenon was not passed until 2018, when the Act Concerning Restrictions in the Eve
Salt inducible kinase 2 (SIK2) is found abundantly in adipose tissue and may have a role in the development of diabetes. SIK2 is downregulated in insulin-resistant and obese individuals, thereby providing a new potential target for therapeutic solutions. Dysfunctional adipose tissue is observed in obesity and this is correlated with impaired insulin signalling, which might contribute to imbalanced
Sexualbrottsmål där barn är målsägande hanteras i viss mån annorlunda än sexualbrottsmål där målsägande är vuxen. Bland annat görs avsteg från vissa processuella principer till förmån för barnets hälsa men även andra faktorer inverkar på hur domstolen hanterar den bevisning som presenteras. Eftersom rätten består av människor har också subjektiva uppfattningar alltid inflytande på bevisvärderingenCases of sexual abuse are in some aspects conducted differently in the judicial system when the plaintiff is a child, compared to the same type of crimes against an adult. Some procedural principles are put aside in favor of the mental health of the child and other factors affect the manner in which the evidence is treated. Furthermore, as the court consists of people, the subjective brain will al
River Storån, a major tributary of Lake Bolmen which is a source of fresh water to Skåne county of Sweden is found to alter the color of water in the lake due to the presence of natural organic matter. Hence it is of utmost importance to study the river to understand the dynamics of generation and flow of water from the river to the lake. This is done by application of a hydrological modelling sys
Uppmaningen till att leva hållbart genomsyrar samhället, fast en övergång till hållbara liv är långt ifrån verklighet. Genom att förstå hur individer ser på hållbara liv i relation till välmående kan potentiellt hjälpa människor i övergången till mer hållbara liv. Den här studien var förregistrerad till undersöka valensen av individers syn på en hållbar livsstil, och hur denna synen relaterar tillThe call for living sustainably can be seen in many places throughout society, although a transition towards sustainable lifestyles is far from a reality. Understanding how people view sustainable living in relation to well-being can potentially help individuals in the transition to live more sustainably. This study was pre-registered to examine the valence of how people view sustainable lifestyle
The aim of this study was to explore how volunteers within young women online support chat experienced their supportive role. Further we wanted to explore what motivated these volunteers to continue with their voluntary work within the online support chat. The method chosen for this study was qualitative interviews with eight volunteers from six different young women empowerment centres. When anal
Due to the era of robotization and new communication technologies, social robots are increasingly used in different areas of society. This thesis aims to examine the communicative situation between humans and robots from a social psychological perspective. We intend to increase the understanding of what a human-robot-interaction means to the communicative situation. The question that has guided th
