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Popular Abstract in Swedish De fettlösliga vitaminerna upptäcktes i början av 1900 talet, och indelas i klasserna A, D, E och K. Brist på vitaminer i kroppen kan leda till svåra sjukdomar som nattblindhet, benskörhet och cancer. Även en överdos kan vara mycket allvarlig, och därför finns det bestämmelser om vilka livsmedel som ska vitaminberikas samt med hur mycket av varje vitamin. Dessutom utförSample clean-up methodologies based on supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) have been developed for determination of fat-soluble vitamins in foods. This thesis focuses on method development, stressing important issues concerning sample pre-treatment, extraction conditions and collection parameters. It was demonstrated that by using SFE followed by saponification and determination using RP-HPLC wit

Popular Abstract in Swedish Alla levande organismer har DNA, och eftersom DNA är livsnödvändigt måste det repareras om det blir skadat. Ultraviolett (UV) strålning från solen är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till att DNA skadas. De flesta skador på DNA som orsakas av UV-strålning utgörs av cyklobutan-pyrimidindimerer (CPD) eller (6-4)-fotoprodukter. Dessa skador består av två intilliggande baser sAll living organisms have DNA and since DNA is essential to life it must be repaired when damaged. UV radiation is one of the major DNA damaging agents, which photosynthetic organisms cannot avoid. The major UV-induced DNA lesions are cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and (6-4) photoproducts (6-4PPs) and the main repair pathways of theses lesions involve photolyases and various excision repair

Popular Abstract in Swedish Stamcellsbiologi är ett vetenskapligt, kliniskt och politiskt aktuellt ämne idag. Nuförtiden används blodstamceller för att behandla patienter med blod-cancer, bröstcancer eller andra immun-försvarssjukdomar. Blodstamceller finns i benmärgen och är viktiga för blodbild-ning som pågår kontinuerligt genom hela livet hos en individ. Det finns olika slags mogna celler: rödaHematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) have been defined to have abilities of both self-renewal and multi-lineage differen-tiation. The balance between these abilities is rigorously controlled under steady-state status (homeostasis) and when the normal processes of self-renewal and differentiation become deregulated, a disorder of blood system (such as leukemias) can occur. HSCs are enriched in lineage n

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hårdvara och algoritmer för ett inbyggt videoövervakningssystem presenteras i denna avhandling. För att verifiera systemet så har en prototyp byggts.The demands on video surveillance systems are rapidly increasing regarding parameters such as frame rate and resolution. Furthermore, with an ever increasing number of video streams, an automated process for extracting relevant information is required. Due to the large amount of input data and the computational complexity of the algorithms, software implementations are not sufficient to sustain re

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den moderna genetiken tar sin början kring sekelskiftet 1900 då de mendelska lagarna återupptäcktes. Den tidiga utvecklingen skedde i många länder i nära anslutning till den praktiska växtförädlingen, så även i Sverige där det redan fanns en framgångsrik växtförädling genom Sveriges utsädesförenings verksamhet i Svalöf. Här introducerade botanisten Herman Nilsson-Ehle mIn the first part of the 20th century genetics developed into an important research field. The aim of this study is to follow and analyse the transformation of genetics from its origin within an agricultural context to an academic discipline in Sweden (ca. 1900-1960). Mendelism was introduced as a methodology in plant breeding at the plant breeding station in Svalöf during the first decade of the

Proton-detected NMR diffusion and P-31 NMR chemical shifts/bandwidths measurements were used to investigate a series of liposomal formulations where size and PEGylation extent need to be controlled for ultrasound mediated drug release. The width of the P-31 line is sensitive to aggregate size and shape and self-diffusion H-1 NMR conveys information about diffusional motion, size, and PEGylation ex

We wanted to test whether living environment, occupation and social position are risk factors for asthma and chronic bronchitis/emphysema (CBE). The prevalence of bronchial asthma, CBE, respiratory symptoms and smoking habits in a random sample of 12,071 adults aged 20-59 years was assessed in a postal survey with a slightly modified questionnaire previously used in central and northern Sweden (Th

Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes (Diabetes mellitus) eller sockersjuka som den också kallas, är en sjukdom som beror på att kroppens celler inte kan ta upp socker från blodet, vilket leder till hög blodsockerkoncentration. Socker utsöndras även i urinen vilket kroppen försöker kompensera för genom att också öka utsöndringen av vatten. Detta leder till att stora mängder urin bildas samt att manInsulin is a protein needed for the uptake of glucose from the circulating blood. In absence of sufficiently high insulin levels in the body or when the cells have a reduced sensitivity for insulin a disease state referred to as diabetes occurs. Treatment of diabetes generally requires daily injections of exogenous insulin. Many of the pharmaceutical formulations consist of insulin in a crystallin

Popular Abstract in Swedish Delfiner och andra tandvalar har förmågan att ekolokalisera. Trots att dessa djur länge fascinerat människor genom historien var det först på 1950-talet som man lyckades bevisa att de faktiskt har denna förmåga. Det finns fortfarande många fundamentala frågor angående deras ekolokalisering som ännu inte besvarats, till stor del för att det har krävt alltför avancerad teToothed whales (Odontocetes) use echolocation to navigate and find food in dark or murky waters. A wide range of innovative studies has since the 1960:s been used to characterize their echolocation beam and map out their echolocation skills. In order to render high quality recordings of the sounds emitted by these animals, advanced measurement systems are required. There are still interesting env

The small Neogene Krong Pa graben is situated within the continental Song Ba Rift, which is bounded by strike-slip faults that were reactivated as extensional faults in Middle Miocene time. The 500 m thick graben-fill shows an overall depositional development reflecting the structural evolution, which is very similar to much larger and longer-lived graben. The basal graben-fill consists of thin fl

Popular Abstract in Swedish Sedan 1981, då de första fallen av AIDS beskrevs, har 25 miljoner människor dött på grund av att de har blivit smittade av immunbristviruset HIV . Det finns idag mer än 40 miljoner människor som lever med HIV eller AIDS. SIV är apsläktets variant på HIV och orsakar normalt ingen sjukdom hos sina värddjur som är olika afrikanska apor, men då asiatiska apor, t. ex. makakeSimian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections in macaques are commonly used as models to study the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Both SIV and HIV normally use the CD4 receptor and an additional coreceptor for cell entry. The most common coreceptors used by HIV are CCR5 and CXCR4. SIV use CCR5 and rarely CXCR4 but may use other coreceptors as alternatives. We have studied vi

This study, which is the first and main part of a two-volume work, is concerned with the history and philology of original and translated works Adversus Iudaeos circulating among the Eastern Slavs from the baptism of Rus' c.988 till the early 16th century. Excluded is the literature of Lithuanian Ruthenia from the 14th century onwards. On the material of 11–15th-century MSS the dissemination of th

Lung transplantation is the only option for end-stage lung diseases, but organ shortage remains problematic. Generating lungs ex vivo could overcome shortages with current approaches being explored for lung tissue engineering utilizing a biologically derived, synthetic or hybrid scaffold which is seeded with cells and cultured ex vivo. Ideally, cells could be sourced from the transplant recipient

BACKGROUND: Many of those who suffer from a first acute coronary event (CE) die suddenly during the day of the event, most of them die outside hospital. Poor lung function is a strong predictor of future cardiac events; however, it is unknown whether the pattern of lung function impairment differs for the prediction of sudden cardiac death (SCD) versus non-fatal CEs. We examined measures of lung f

Background: Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) are ubiquitous substances that are found in our everyday lives, including pesticides, plasticizers, pharmaceutical agents, personal care products, and also in food products and food packaging. Increasing epidemiological evidence suggest that EDCs may affect the development or progression of breast cancer and consequently lead to lifelong harmful he

Over the past couple of decades, increased interdependencies between and institutional defragmentation of, our Critical Infrastructures (CIs) have created a setting were traditional risk management might no longer suffice. In particular, analysis and management of risks have evolved from being a predominantly intra-organisational task towards a process that also requires inter-organisational coord

BackgroundLiver metastases are a common consequence of colorectal cancer. When feasible, surgical resection is first-line treatment. Synchronous disease can be treated with different strategies. Traditionally, the primary tumour is resected first followed by resection of the liver metastases (bowel-first). The other option, which is increasing, is the liver-first strategy, where resection of the l

Popular science summary: Beavers are back in Denmark The beaver Castor fiber is an animal which used to be common in most places all over Europe. The beaver has also been an important resource for humans, where especially the meat, the thick fur and the castoreum, a secretion that was used by humans in perfume, medicines and food, was wanted. Therefore, hunting by humans has been the main reason

This master thesis addresses the electrically powered assisted bicycle (EPAC) as a future low-carbon commuting option and its market. The purpose of the report is to evaluate whether the EPAC can be used to improve the climate performance of the transport sector and to assess the outlook for the Swedish EPAC market. The EPAC is compared to the bicycle, car, bus and train and assessed thereafter. T

Denna uppsats behandlar frågan om under vilka omständigheter fängelseförhållanden kan utgöra omänsklig eller förnedrande behandling och därmed kan ligga till grund för uppehållstillstånd i Sverige. Frågeställningen är outforskad ur ett svenskt perspektiv. Det saknas i princip nationell vägledning. En person kan erhålla uppehållstillstånd i Sverige med anledning av omänsklig eller förnedrande behanThis thesis deals with the question of the circumstances in which prison conditions may constitute inhuman or degrading treatment, and thus may form the basis for a residence permit in Sweden. This has not been an area that has been explored to a great extent from a Swedish perspective. A person can obtain a residence permit in Sweden due to inhuman or degrading treatment as a person eligible for