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FTO is the strongest known genetic susceptibility locus for obesity. Experimental studies in animals suggest the potential roles of FTO in regulating food intake. The interactive relation among FTO variants, dietary intake and body mass index (BMI) is complex and results from previous often small-scale studies in humans are highly inconsistent. We performed large-scale analyses based on data from

Background:  Alcohol use disorders (AUD) involving hazardous, harmful, and addictive misuse of alcohol are widespread in most parts of the world. The aim of this study was to review the effect of disulfiram in the treatment of patients with AUD. The effect of disulfiram was evaluated according to the primary outcome of an intake of alcohol below 30 and 20 g/d for men and women, respectively, as we

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary factor in the cervical cancer development. Also after treatment for cervical dysplasia, HPV can be present and promote the recurrence of cervical disease. In the present study, the aim was to perform a long-term follow-up on the ability of HPV testing with genotyping, as compared with cytology, to predict recurrence of high-grade cervical intraep

One of the challenges in the field of biosensors and biofuel cells is to establish a highly efficient electron transfer rate between the active site of redox enzymes and electrodes to fully access the catalytic potential of the biocatalyst and achieve high current densities. We report on very efficient direct electron transfer (DET) between cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) from Phanerochaete sordida

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of speech rate on children's performance on a widely used language comprehension test, the Test for Reception of Grammar, version 2 (TROG'2), and to explore how test performance interacts with task difficulty and with the child's working memory capacity. Participants were 102 typically-developing Swedish-speaking children randomly assigned to one of

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling utgör den första delen i en planerad serie på tre rapporter med utgångspunkt i data insamlade läsåret 1993/94 i årskurs 9 vid en grundskola, där det lokala skolprojektet Tonåringens livssituation och livstolkning genomförts i ämnet religionskunskap. Det övergripande syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka centrala livsvärden eleverna ger uttryck för iThis dissertation makes up the first report based on data collected during the project "Teenagers: aspects of their life style and attitudes" (Tonåringens livssituation och livstolkning) in the subject Religious Studies taken by pupils attending Year 9 during the 1993/94 school year. The general aim of the study is to discover the central values of life which pupils hold, as expressed in an essay

The pineal organ is the only differentiated photoreceptor organ present in embryos and early larvae of the Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). We investigated the molecular identity of opsins in the pineal organ, and their expression during different life stages. Using RT-PCR we identified two 681-bp gene sequences, named HPO1 and HPO4, in cDNA from adult pineal and whole embryos. The pr

Background: Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is an operation method that decreases the degree of spasticity with long-lasting beneficial effects for children with spastic diplegia. Children undergoing SDR are postoperatively in severe pain, a pain related to both the extensive surgical exposure with multilevel laminectomy and the nerve root manipulation. Various pain management strategies for chil

Restenosis is a major problem after balloon angioplasty and stent implantation. The aim of this study is to introduce gadolinium neutron capture brachytherapy (GdNCB) as a suitable modality for treatment of stenosis. The utility of GdNCB in intravascular brachytherapy (IVBT) of stent stenosis is investigated by using the GEANT4 and MCNP4B Monte Carlo radiation transport codes. To study capture rat

A systematic review of radiation therapy trials in several tumour types was performed by The Swedish Council of Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU). The procedures for evaluation of the scientific literature are described separately (Acta Oncol 2003; 42: 357-365). This synthesis of the literature on radiation therapy for brain turnouts is based on data from 9 randomized trials and 1 meta-an

Pioneering work in the last century has resulted in a widely accepted paradigm that primary production is strongly positively related to temperature and water availability such that the northern hemispheric forest carbon sink may increase under conditions of global warming. However, the terrestrial carbon sink at the ecosystem level (i.e. net ecosystem productivity, NEP) depends on the net balance

Popular Abstract in Swedish Förekomsten av hjärt-kärlsjukdomar skiljer sig mycket mellan olika jordbruksbaserade samhällen, medan de praktiskt taget saknas helt bland samhällen som inte är baserade på jordbruk, såsom jägar- och samlarsamhällen. När man letar efter livsstilsfaktorer som skulle kunna gynna uppkomsten av kardiovaskulära sjukdomar verkar det därför logiskt att fokusera på livsstilen iThe prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) exhibits considerable variation across agrarian societies, whereas they are virtually absent in non-agrarian societies such as hunter-gatherer and horticultural societies. When looking for lifestyle factors which could promote CVD, it therefore seems logical to focus on the agrarian lifestyle and ways in which it departs from a non-agrarian lifestyle

Vascular smooth muscle tone is dependent on oxidative metabolism, a phenomenon of potential importance for the metabolic regulation of blood flow to tissues. The response of the rat portal vein to inhibition of cell respiration by cyanide (0.1-1 mM) is a reduction of its spontaneous myogenic activity. The trains of action potentials triggering phasic contractions are reduced in duration, while the

The amount of household refuse has steadily increased in Sweden and this is consistent with the trend in the rest of the European Union. Strategies for household waste reduction includes sorting, recycling, re-use and repair. Two categories of motivational factors determine disposal behaviour, external and internal. The external factors include administrative, economic, information and physical me

Objective This study provides the summary of current knowledge about migrant work in agriculture available from journal articles, books, reports and other relevant academic publications, focusing on political, economic, legal, social and medical aspects of migrant work in agriculture. Methods A systematic search was carried out on the LibHub and Google Scholar databases in order to compile the e

Background. When delivering an embedded product, such as a mobile phone, third party products, like games, are often bundled with it in the form of Java MIDlets. To verify the compatibility be- tween the runtime platform and the MIDlet is a labour-intensive task, if input data should be manually generated for thousands of MIDlets. Aim. In order to make the verification more efficient, we investiga

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den första beskrivningen av diabetes mellitus gjordes redan 1500 före Kristus när en faraos läkare noterade att myror samlade sig omkring urin från vissa människor men inte andras. På 1700-talet beskrevs för första gången närvaron av större mängder socker i såväl blod som urin hos diabetiska patienter. På 1920-talet upptäcktes insulin i bukspottkörteln (pancreas) och saThe influence of trauma (acute pancreatitis) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on pancreatic islet hormone secretion in relation to islet expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was investigated. Acute pancreatitis resulted in an impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) which was found to be parallelled by a marked expression of iNOS and an exaggerated NO production in t

Engineering design problems are most frequently charac-terized by constraints that make them hard to solve and time-consuming. When evolutionary algorithms are used to solve these problems, constraints are often handled with the generic weighted sum method or with techniques specific to the prob-lem at hand. Most commonly, all constraints are evaluated at each generation, and it is also necessary

Denna studie undersöker valda modernitetsbegrepp, inspirerade av Claes Ericsson, och hur de relaterar till utformningen av och praktiserande av elevinflytande vid två gymnasier med estetiska programmet: inriktning musik. Forskningsfrågan lyder: Hur kan likheter och skillnader i elevinflytande mellan två studerade gymnasieskolor med estetiska programmet:inriktning musik, förstås med hjälp av modernTitle: The School in the modern era – a comparative study of student impact. The present study investigates chosen perspectives of modernity inspired by Claes Ericsson, and how these can relate to the design and practising of student impact at two colleges with special music education. The core question of the study is: How can similaritites and differences in student impact between two studied co