Sökresultat

Popular Abstract in Swedish Kemiska ämnen finns överallt i vårat samhälle och behövs för att vi ska kunna leva som vi gör. Produktionen av kemiska ämnen använder kemiska processer som ofta är dyra och förbättringar av driftsätt kan spara mycket pengar. För att förbättra en process krävs att experiment utförs som oftast är väldigt kostsamma och tidskrävande. Ett sätt för att minska antalet experimeChemical processes are usually expensive to run. To optimise a process, we need to know how the process behaves, and this is usually accomplished by studying the process experimentally. However, experiments are very expensive, particularly if an existing plant has to shut down normal operation to conduct an experiment. A better way is to build a model and simulate the process. In order to obtain t

Popular Abstract in Swedish I detta projekt studerar vi reaktioner som är av betydelse för omvandling av ljusenergi till elektricitet eller bränsle. Materialen är nya typer av organiska polymermaterial som kan ge morgondagens energisnåla och miljövänliga solceller, TV- och datorskärmar, ljuskällor, mm. Men för att detta skall inträffa krävs mycken ny forskning för att förstå de processer som liggeThe main part of the thesis is concerned with charge photogeneration in conjugated polymers. MeLPPP and POMeOPT films were investigated by transient absorption spectroscopy using different excitation photon energies and light intensities with and without an external electric field. We conclude that electric field-assisted charge pair photogeneration occurs from vibrationally relaxed singlet excito

Abstract The Tree Theme Method (TTM), based on occupational therapy, creative activities and life storytelling, implies that the client draws and paints trees representing certain periods in their life. The paintings are used as a starting point for the client to tell their life story with focus on everyday occupations (occupational storytelling) and shaping plans for their future (occupational st

Popular Abstract in Swedish Variabilitet i ett läkemedels farmakokinetiska (hur ett läkemedel omsätts i kroppen) och farmakodynamiska (vilken effekt ett läkemedel har) egenskaper kan resultera i att olika individer som erhållit samma dos av ett läkemedel får olika effekter av läkemedel. Biverkningar eller utebliven effekt kan innebära allvarliga konsekvenser för den enskilda individen. VariabiliteVariability in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters between individuals can be due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In this thesis three different areas regarding sources of variability have been investigated. 1. Formulation properties as an extrinsic source of variability. Lipophilic substances often have poor oral bioavailability and high inter- and intraindividual variability. High

OBJECTIVE—To examine the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-4) inhibition on meal-related β-cell function and insulin sensitivity over 52 weeks in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In a 12-week core study, placebo (n = 51) or vildagliptin (n = 56; 50 mg OD) was added to metformin treatment (1.5–3.0 mg/day). A 40-week extension followed in 71 patients. Meal tests were performed at

Popular Abstract in Swedish Under kvartärtiden (den geologiska period som omfattar de senaste ca 2,6 miljoner åren) har klimatet på Jorden varierat dramatiskt. Långa perioder (ca 100 000 år) av istid med stora inlandsisar som täckte Skandinavien, Ryssland, Sibirien, Grönland och Nordamerika har periodiskt avbrutits av kortare perioder (ca 10 000 år) av varmare klimat, så kallade interglacialer. HoThe aim of this thesis was to study annually laminated (varved) Holocene lake sediment in Sweden, their formation and their potential as chronological and palaeoecological archives. Five lakes with continuous Holocene varved lake sediment sequences in northern (Västerbotten) and west central Sweden (Värmland) were investigated. Three of these sequences were discovered during this study, which iden

The term discriminate, in itself, simply means to make distinctions or discern differences. In that sense, to discriminate is to discern the difference between red and green when picking a red apple out of a fruit basket or to discern differences in physical appearance when noticing a friend in a crowd. Morally and legally, however, discrimination is used to denote a differentiation that is unfair

Background: Software quality issues are commonly reported when off shoring software development. Value-based software engineering addresses this by ensuring key stakeholders have a common understanding of quality. Aim: This work seeks to understand the levels of alignment between key stakeholders on aspects of software quality for two products developed as part of an offshore in sourcing arrangeme

Rigid or conformationally restricted compounds are intresting from a pharmacological point of view since they do not have to pay the entropy penalty paid by more flexible molecules in binding to e.g. a protein. In this thesis, synthetic transformations of a rigid tetracyclic oxanorbornene scaffold are described, yielding novel compounds with low molecular weight, rigid framework and high oxygen co

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vid internationell handel med varor utgår olika skatter och avgifter; dessutom kan varorna vara föremål för import- och exportbegränsningar. Genom frihandelsavtal kan dock bestämmas att vissa varor får importeras och exporteras tullfritt. De bestämmelser som således gäller för olika varor sammanfattas för skilda varuslag i tulltaxan. Varuklassificeringen har därför storIn international commerce, various taxes and charges are levied on commodities; besides, goods may be subject to import and export restrictions. However, free-trade agreements may stipulate that some goods can be imported and exported free of charge. The regulations pertaining to different types of merchandise are reflected in the customs tariff of a state or customs union. The application of many

In the literature, there are several different suggestions as to when the first postoperative pin-site care should be carried out to best prevent pin-site infections during the treatment by external fixation. In a cohort study, we compared the use of antibiotics and complications in patients where the theatre dressing was changed during the first postoperative week with patients where the theatre

Clinical research, when children involved, may cause difficult ethical problems for both caregivers and parents. Informed consent has to be obtained from the parents and from the child depending on age and maturity. The concept of informed consent is complicated and depending on the ability of communication between the professionals and the parents. The aim of the study was to illuminate parents l

Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling undersökes och diskuteras människosyn i arkeologisk forskning i ett långtidsperspektiv. Frågorna kring existentiella bilder av människan fokuseras kring det arkeologiska problemet jordbrukets uppkomst. Teorier om jordbrukets uppkomst från klassisk tid fram till det sena 1900-talet diskuteras med avseende på människosyn och dess förändring över tid och

We showed that malic enzyme and F-type ATPase isolated from glycophytes and halophytes do not differ significantly in their amino acid composition. Isolated enzymes from both types of plants showed nearly identical salt sensitivity, each, but enzyme activities in fresh homogenates from halophyte leaves apparently were more salt resistant as compared to the ones from glycophytes. These results sugg

Free radicals have recently been proposed to play a role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Ischaemia and hyperglycaemia followed by recirculation have been suggested to initiate free radical production in other tissues and the aim of the present study was to examine whether this could also be the case in the retina. The present study showed retinal cell damage, as measured by pycnotic ce

This thesis deals with the information-structural problems native speakers of Swedish have when producing texts in German as their second or foreign language (L2). The study is based on written production data from Swedish learners of German at the initial state (14-year-olds), at intermediate level (16-year-olds) and at advanced level (20-25-year-olds). These data are compared with Swedish and Ge

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the visibility of simulated lesions in 2D digital mammography (DM) and breast tomosynthesis (BT) images of patients. Methods: Images of the same women were acquired on both a DM system (Mammomat Novation, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany) and a BT prototype system adapted from the same type of DM system. Using the geometrical properties of the

Background: Time of diagnosis (TOD) of benign esophageal perforation is regarded as an important risk factor for clinical outcome, although convincing evidence is lacking. The aim of this study is to assess whether time between onset of perforation and diagnosis is associated with clinical outcome in patients with iatrogenic esophageal perforation (IEP) and Boerhaave’s syndrome (BS). Methods: We s

This thesis is on information dynamics modeled using *dynamic epistemic logic* (DEL). It takes the simple perspective of identifying models with maps, which under a suitable topology may be analyzed as *topological dynamical systems*. It is composed of an introduction and six papers. The introduction situates DEL in the field of formal epistemology, exemplifies its use and summarizes the main cont