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In this paper the interaction between two rigid parts of a multibody, connected by an ideal spherical joint equipped with a visco-elastic torsion bushing element, is derived. The model allows for arbitrary relative rotations of the parts and involves a non-linear torsion stiffness of the bushing. An expression for the interaction between the parts is derived and a specialization to the isotropic b
Diabetes mellitus is a lifelong, incapacitating metabolic disease associated with chronic macrovascular complications (coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease) and microvascular disorders leading to damage of the kidneys (nephropathy) and eyes (retinopathy). Based on the current trends, the rising prevalence of diabetes worldwide will lead to increased cardiovascular morbid
BACKGROUND: It is unclear which anthropometric measure is most useful for assessment of the cardiovascular risk. We investigated the association between different anthropometric measures and risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalization. METHODS: BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BF%), weight and height were measured among 26 653 subjects (aged 45-73 years) wi
A strict division between the formal economy and the informal economy cannot be made and every economic actor has in certain situations a propensity to engage in informal economic activities. The formal, as well as informal economy may lead to economic growth which is essential for a broad welfare policy, under which social benefits are categorized. A person's economic contribution to a state shou
Trilayer graphene exhibits exceptional electronic properties that are of interest both for fundamental science and for technological applications. The ability to achieve a high on-off current ratio is the central question in this field. Here, we propose a simple method to achieve a current on-off ratio of 10(4) by opening a transport gap in Bernal-stacked trilayer graphene. We synthesized Bernal-s
This study investigated conceptions of decision quality and efficiency held by administrative officers from three Swedish public authorities (the Tax Board, the Social Insurance Agency, and the Police Authority) with respect to decisions made for other people. Research on conceptions of decision quality held by decision makers making decisions for themselves shows that decision outcome is emphasiz
The aim of this study was to reconstruct diatom production in the subarctic northern tip of the Baltic Sea, Bothnian Bay, based on down-core analysis of Si isotopes in biogenic silica (BSi). Dating of the sediment showed that the samples covered the period 1820 to 2000. The sediment core record can be divided into two periods, an unperturbed period from 1820 to 1950 and a second period affected by
Fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from lakes may have a large impact on the magnitude of the terrestrial carbon sink. Traditionally lake fluxes have been measured using the floating chamber (FC) technique; however, several recent studies use the eddy covariance (EC) method. We present simultaneous flux measurements using both methods at lake Tamnaren in Sweden during field campaigns
Intentional or accidental introduction of species to new locations is predicted to result in loss of genetic variation and increase the likelihood of inbreeding, thus reducing population viability and evolutionary potential. However, multiple introductions and large founder numbers can prevent loss of genetic diversity and may therefore facilitate establishment success and range expansion. Based o
Biosynthetic nerve grafts are desired as alternative to autologous nerve grafts in peripheral nerve reconstruction. Artificial nerve conduits still have their limitations and are not widely accepted in the clinical setting. Here we report an analysis of fine-tuned chitosan tubes used to reconstruct 10 mm nerve defects in the adult rat. The chitosan tubes displayed low, medium and high degrees of a
Clinical pathways aim to ensure that individuals receive appropriate evidence-based care and interventions, with the Liverpool Care Pathway for the Dying Patient focusing on end of life. However, controlled studies of the Liverpool Care Pathway for the Dying Patient, particularly outside of cancer settings, are lacking.
High levels of the antimicrobial peptide, LL-37, are detected in gingival crevicular fluid from patients with chronic periodontitis. LL-37 not only shows antimicrobial activity but also affects host-cell viability. The objective of the present study was to identify endogenous mechanisms that antagonize the detrimental effects of LL-37 on osteoblast viability, focusing on the human peptide p33 expr
We propose the use of atomic Wehrl entropy associated to the reduced atomic density operator as an entanglement indicator of bipartite systems. This is applied to a two-level system (one single harmonically trapped ion) by taking into account the linear center-of-mass-motional degree of freedom. Detailed analytical and explicit expressions are given, taking into account different configurations. T
In a previous study a group of children with cerebral palsy (CP) were found to have considerable difficulties with narratives, performing several standard deviations below the criteria for the Information score of the Bus Story Test (BST). To examine in depth the performance of children with CP and a control group with typically developing (TD) children on a narrative task, in order to search for
Lymphomas belong to the few cancer sites with increasing incidence over past decades, and only a few risk factors have been established. We explored the association between education and the incidence of lymphoma in the prospective EPIC study. Within 3,567,410 person-years of follow-up, 1,319 lymphoma cases [1,253 non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and 66 Hodgkin lymphomas (HL)] were identified. Cox prop
The responses of the benthic marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima to nutrient stress induced by unbalanced N:P ratios were the subject of this study. Batch cultures of P. lima cells were grown under NP sufficient (N as nitrate and ammonium) and deficient conditions, and the cell growth and toxicity were followed for eight weeks. P. lima grew slowly in all nutrient conditions and net growth rate
This overview paper examines three areas crucial to understanding why, despite clear scientific evidence for the growing environmental impacts of tourism transport, there is large-scale inertia in structural transitions and a lack of political will to enact meaningful sustainable mobility policies. These include the importance of addressing socio-technical factors, barriers posed by “technology my
This paper discusses the significance of physical models in engineering education. Obvious assets, drawbacks and the educational role of such models are discussed, and the idea of 'open physical models' is introduced. A couple of sophisticated open physical models (an unmanned rotorcraft and an inverted pendulum robot), used in control engineering courses, are presented. Basic ideas and concepts,
In autophagy, the double-membrane autophagosome delivers cellular components for their degradation in the lysosome. The conserved Ypt/Rab GTPases regulate all cellular trafficking pathways, including autophagy. These GTPases function in modules that include guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activators and downstream effectors. Rab7 and its yeast homologue, Ypt7, in the context of such a mod
