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Thirteenth-century interpreters of Aristotle’s Topics put forward metaphysical accounts aiming to underpin Aristotle’s account of dialectical argumentation. The reason for this, I surmise, is that they took Aristotelian logic to be a scientific method, a crucial part of which is the dialectical method provided in the Topics. Dialectical arguments proceed distinctively from acceptable premises whic

We show how the endowment effect can be interpreted in terms of ambiguity aversion. Agents take status quo as their reference point, relative to which they evaluate potential trades. The value of exchanged goods is ambiguous, represented by a set of probability distributions over possible values. Agents are ambiguity averse, modeled as maxmin expected utility maximisers. This characteristic leads

Climate change calls for adaptive strategies to manage land system across governance levels, as differing multi-level policies distinctly shape land system and long-term ecosystem resilience. This study proposes an iterative approach for optimizing land-use pathways that balance competing policy objectives across national, provincial, and local levels without compromising ecosystem integrity in a

Background: Endocrine science remains underrepresented in European Union research programmes despite the fundamental role of hormone health in human wellbeing. Analysis of the CORDIS database reveals a persistent gap between the societal impact of endocrine disorders and their research prioritisation. At national funding level, endocrine societies report limited or little attention of national res

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a key role in pathogen recognition as part of the adaptive immune system. MHC I gene copy numbers in birds of the order Passeriformes (songbirds) are substantially larger compared to other birds. MHC I diversity and antigen presentation have been carefully characterised in chicken Gallus gallus of the order Galliformes; chickens express few MHC I ge

Carl Schmitt dedicated his final book, Political Theology II: The Myth of the Closure of Any Political Theology (1970), to the canonist and Catholic priest Hans Barion. This essay interrogates Barion’s conceptualisation of the end and purpose of spiritual and temporal authority as articulated in his defence of the Third Reich in 1933. By juxtaposing Barion’s characterisation of the Roman Catholic

The modelling of filtered chemical source terms remains a fundamental challenges for large eddy simulation (LES) of reacting flows, such as combustion. This study investigates various scale similarity models for predicting filtered reaction rates. The theoretical foundation of scale similarity models is reviewed, and several extensions and generalisations are proposed. These include the distinctio

This study examines carbon (C) and water dynamics in two East African dryland ecosystems: a savanna rangeland grazed by livestock and wildlife, and a rainfed cropland under minimal tillage. Over 185 days, both systems were showed a similar magnitude of C emissions with differing temporal patterns. The rangeland showed fluctuating C exchange, with losses followed by increased C uptake after rainfal

Quantitative data are needed to constrain the feedback loops between vegetation and hydroclimate. In this study, the amplitudes of variations in the triple oxygen isotope composition of water at the soil-plant-atmosphere interface are measured in savanna and dry forest contexts in West Africa (Benin and Senegal). Comparison of in situ data and model estimates reveals the following: (a) The value o

Understanding and managing charge carrier recombination dynamics is crucial for optimizing the performance of metal halide perovskite optoelectronic devices. In this work, we introduce a machine learning-assisted intensity-modulated two-photon photoluminescence microscopy approach for quantitatively mapping recombination processes in MAPbBr3 perovskite microcrystalline films at micrometer-scale re

This study introduces the concept of Collective Permanent Supportive Housing (CPSH), tailored for older adults with histories of homelessness and long-term substance use. CPSH offers residents individual apartments and secure tenures, using a harm reduction approach. The study, being designed to identify the benefits and risks of CPSH, was based on (i) a quantitative dataset with a national survey

We present the CH4 and N2O budgets for anthropogenic and natural sources and sinks of Australasia (Australia and New Zealand) from 2010 to 2019 using bottom-up and top-down methods, in line with the RECCAP-2 initiative, with extensions to 2022. We show that the bottom-up CH4 budget for Australasia (2010–2019) was a net source of 14.1 ± 5.5 Tg CH4 yr−1, with Australia and New Zealand contributing 8

We explore the phenomenological consequences of a model with an extended scalar sector, incorporating strongly coupled inert Higgs doublets. The model introduces three Higgs doublets: one that interacts with the SU(2) symmetry of the Standard Model, and two inert doublets belonging to a strongly interacting sector, embedded in the SU(2)2 × SU(2)1 × U(1)Y electroweak gauge symmetry. This symmetry s

Collective action by small-scale farmers can contribute significantly toward rural development. One important aspect that remains relatively neglected, especially in research set in Africa, is the role of farmer collectives in political processes. We study the local-level dynamics of a farmer-based organization mobilizing for agroecology and food sovereignty in Uganda. Through qualitative, collabo

This chapter explains vital elements in the salutogenic model of health and how these fit into the inner core of health promotion expressed in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Salutogenesis, is here considered as a theory, a life orientation and as the sense of coherence. In line with the salutogenic theory, health is described as a process in an ease/dis-ease continuum, defined as the mov

Recent measurements of event-by-event fluctuations of multistrange baryons and kaons in proton–proton collisions by ALICE have been proposed as sensitive probes to distinguish between thermal and string-based hadronization mechanisms. We demonstrate that two key observables – the normalized net-Ξ second-order cumulant and the net-K–net-Ξ Pearson correlation coefficient – can be re-expressed in ter

Updated statistical data in appendix to a book chapter published in 2023

This paper presents the results from a qualitative study with Swedish researchers in the social sciences and the humanities. The aim of the study was to explore researchers’ perceptions of ethical review (i.e. the pros and cons of the system) and to what extent the system of ethical review could possibly be reformed to better accommodate research in the social sciences and the humanities. To this