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Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer is today incurable. Conventional imaging methods have limited detection, affecting their ability to give an accurate outcome prognosis, and current therapies for metastatic prostate cancer are insufficient. This inevitably leads to patients relapsing with castration-resistant prostate cancer. Targeting prostate-specific antigens whose expression is c

Context: In a recent study a pattern of 27 metabolites, including serum glycine, associated with bone mineral density (BMD). Objective: To investigate associations for serum and urinary glycine levels with BMD, bone microstructure, and fracture risk in men. Methods: In the population-based Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Sweden study (men, 69-81 years) serum glycine and BMD were measured at b

Silencing of Chl1 gene expression has been previously reported to reduce insulin secretion. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. In this study, we performed a serial of studies to investigate how Chl1 affects insulin secretion in INS-1 cells. RNA-sequencing was used to investigate the expression of CHL1 in human adipose, liver, muscle, and human islets. Silencing of

The seabed in the ports needs to be regularly cleaned from the marine sediments for safe navigation. Sediments contaminated by tributyltin (TBT) are environmentally harmful and require treatment before recycling. Treatment methods include leaching, stabilisation and solidification to remove toxic chemicals from the sediments and improve their strength for reuse in the construction works. This stud

Background: Early extensive surgery is a cornerstone in treatment of diffuse low-grade gliomas (DLGGs), and an additional survival benefit has been demonstrated from early radiochemotherapy in selected "high-risk"patients. Still, there are a number of controversies related to DLGG management. The objective of this multicenter population-based cohort study was to explore potential variations in dia

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) functional traits have emerged as relevant elements that may explain HDL antiatherogenic capacity better than HDL cholesterol levels. These properties have been improved in several lifestyle intervention trials. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the results of such trials of the most commonly used dietary modifications (fatty acids, cholesterol, antio

Background: This analysis of the Observational Postmarketing Ulcerative Colitis Study examined incidence rates of colectomy in patients with ulcerative colitis who received originator infliximab (IFX) or conventional therapies (ConvRx) as per their treating physician. Methods: Cox proportional hazards models compared time to colectomy for both treatment groups. A secondary analysis examined colect

Maternal undernutrition can lead to protein-energy malnutrition, micronutrient deficiencies, or anemia during pregnancy or after birth. It remains a major problem, despite evidence-based maternal-nutrition interventions happening on ground. We conducted a scoping review to under-stand different strategies and delivery mechanisms to improve maternal nutrition, as well as how interventions have impr

Both disturbed sleep and lack of exercise can disrupt metabolism in pregnancy. Accelerometery was used to objectively assess movement during waking (physical activity) and movement during sleeping (sleep disturbance) periods and evaluated relationships with continuous blood glucose variation during pregnancy. Data was analysed prospectively. 15-women without pre-existing diabetes mellitus wore con

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, which is the most common cancer in women worldwide (excluding non‐melanoma skin cancer). Furthermore, breast cancer patients with obesity have an impaired prognosis. Adipose tissue is abundant in the breast. There-fore, breast cancer develops in an adipose‐rich environment. During obesity, changes in the local environment in the breast

Background: Earlier research regarding immigrants has shown that lifestyle and environmental factors are of importance for the risk of developing certain diseases. Food habits are one of these factors. As there is little research concerning immigrants and food habits, the aim of the present paper was to explore food habits operationalised as meal frequency and vegetable intake among a group of old

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is a powerful tool to explore pathogenic changes of a disease in an unbiased manner and has been used extensively in Alzheimer disease (AD) research. Here, by performing a meta-analysis of high-quality proteomic studies, we address which pathological changes are observed consistently and therefore most likely are of great importance for AD pathogenesis. We r

This study goes beyond attitudes and behavioral indications as response to risk perceptions and focuses on actual behavior of laypeople. We report the results from a survey, conducted among a sample of Swedish citizens in the spring of 2009, looking at lay actions as responses to the financial crisis of 2008. In total, 3138 respondents were asked whether they had done something to protect their mo

Purpose Programs referred to as Fast-Track/Rapid Recovery/Enhanced Recovery After Surgery have proven both effective and safe in joint replacement surgery, to the degree where same-day discharge (SDD) has been attempted in carefully selected cases at specialized outpatient units. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate a same-day surgery protocol regarding safety using the minor p

Placental malaria infection is mediated by the binding of the malarial VAR2CSA protein to the placental glycosaminoglycan, chondroitin sulfate. Recombinant subfragments of VAR2CSA (rVAR2) have also been shown to bind specifically and with high affinity to cancer cells and tissues, suggesting the presence of a shared type of oncofetal chondroitin sulfate (ofCS) in the placenta and in tumors. Howeve

Background and aims: PPARGC1A encodes PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α), a central regulator of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. A common polymorphism in PPARGC1A (rs8192678, C/T, Gly482Ser) has been associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders, but no published functional studies have investigated direct allele-specific effects in adipoc

BACKGROUND: Diesel engine exhaust causes adverse health effects. Meanwhile, the impact of renewable diesel exhaust, such as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), on human health is less known. Nineteen healthy volunteers were exposed to HVO exhaust for 3 h in a chamber with a double-blind, randomized setup. Exposure scenarios comprised of HVO exhaust from two modern non-road vehicles with 1) no aftert