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Thanks to Bruno Galantucci, “experimental semiotics” is usually nowadays taken to mean the study of “novel forms of communication which people develop when they cannot use pre-established communication systems”. In spite of Galantucci’s claim to have picked the label because it was free, it has actually been used in different ways at least twice before: by Colin Ware, who takes it to be involved w
Starting out from classical metaphor theory, I consider two models, the Overlap model and the Tension model-the difference between which may not have been spelled out in that tradition. Although the latter has an Aristotelian pedigree, it may be less generally valid than the Overlap model, at least if the requirement for tension is placed very high. The metaphors distinguished by Lakoff and Johnso
This 1 sonata uses simple generative principles, to develop networks of relatively high complexity in which intuition actively participates to produce an output with a certain degree of activity and acoustic nonlinearity.Albert-László Barabási, from the introduction to his book titled Linked: the new science of networks, “Just as diverse humans share skeletons that are almost indistinguishable,
This paper will discuss multiple sound sources of the vocal tract, focusing specifically on one type of multiple sound source, that of (imitated Tibetan) chant. First I will present a physiological outline of multiple sound sources, in order to better understand chant as just one of the many types of multiple sound sources that composers and performers might utilize. The main body of the paper wil
Palatal Sound is a model of vocal tract articulation influenced by physiologic and acoustic analysis of the voice. Specifically, the term articulation refers to all movement within the vocal tract that results in open, filter-like sonorities, as well as in turbulent to absolute airflow modification. This model presents a complete mapping of place within the vocal tract that features flexibility ac
The article is devoted to legal acts on combating corruption. The author gives a classification and review of these legal acts. The article analyzes not only legal acts specifically aimed at preventing corruption, but also other legal acts and a wide range of measures that create the necessary conditions and a favorable environment in this regard. The author emphasizes that it is important to keep
Reactions between lactic acid and alcohols or carboxylic acids catalyzed by lipase from Candida antarctica were evaluated with hexane as solvent. Lactic acid was a good acyl donor and esters of both primary and secondary alcohols were effectively synthesized. No interfering dimer formation due to lactic acid acting as both nucleophile and acyl donor was observed. In agreement with this, no esterif
A commercially available radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit was used to study the effects of organic solvents on antigen-antibody interactions. The RIA analysis was carried out in aqueous-organic two phase systems. After exposure to hydrophobic organic solvents the antibodies retained full binding capacity, while less hydrophobic solvents caused partial inactivation of the antibodies. A practical analysis
The shape of the profiles of enzyme activity versus water activity for four different lipases were independent of the reaction used to determine the activity. The profile for each lipase (Rhizopus arrhizus, Pseudomonas sp., Candida rugosa and Lipozyme) in esterification, hydrolysis and transesterifications profiles were the same. In transesterification the yield was unaffected by the water activit
Polyacrylamide beads and celite were used for immobilization of bovine α-chymotrypsin and lipase B from Candida antarctica. Polyacrylamides with a high degree of cross-linking afforded high catalytic rates when used as immobilization matrices. Derivatization of the polymer with carboxyl and tertiary amino groups prior to immobilization caused no significant changes in α-chymotrypsin behavior. The
The influence of reaction temperature on synthesis activity, product yield and nucleophile specificity for α-chymotrypsin and subtilisin Carlsberg were studied. The enzymes were immobilized on Celite and used in acetonitrile with a water content of 10%. Acyl-transfer reactions with Ac-PheOEt as acyl donor and 11 different amino acid amides and 3 dipeptides as nucleophiles were studied. The decreas
Differential scanning calorimetry was the method to investigate the thermostability of chymotrypsin. The transition temperature decreased by approx. 30°C when the dry enzyme became highly hydrated. High degree of hydration corresponded to extensive conformational changes during protein denaturation, reflected by large enthalpy values. Sorbitol, lyophilized together with the enzyme, caused the dest
