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Several researchers are investigating strategies to lower the emissions and increase the efficiency of combustion engines to reduce the negative impact on the environment and the climate from transportation. The low-temperature combustion (LTC) concept is the basis for some of these high-efficiency, low-emission combustion technologies. To maximize the combustion controllability of engines based o
Aerosol particles are a complex component of the atmospheric system which influence climate directly by interacting with solar radiation, and indirectly by contributing to cloud formation. The variety of their sources, as well as the multiple transformations they may undergo during their transport (including wet and dry deposition), result in significant spatial and temporal variability of their p
Calls for transformative change and participatory modes of knowledge production demand researchers to assume new roles. This paper synthesizes the literature on knowledge co-production and researcher roles to explore challenges for researchers involved in transdisciplinary environmental management projects. Our research methods combine a scoping review and reflections on personal experiences with
Solving grand environmental societal challenges calls for transdisciplinary and participatory methods in social- ecological research. These methods enable co-designing the research, co-producing the results, and co-creating the impacts together with concerned stakeholders. COVID-19 has had serious impacts on thechoice of research methods, but reflections on recent experiences of ‘‘moving online’’
Background. Even though tobacco is one of the most preventable causes of death worldwide, it endangers more than 8 million people yearly. In this context, meta-analyses suggest that a significant part of the general Iranian population over 15 years of age smoke and that there is a need for good screening tools for smoking cravings and urges in Iran. The present study reported the translation and i
Current theories of the glymphatic system (GS) hypothesize that it relies on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation to disseminate growth factors and remove metabolic waste from the brain with increased CSF production and circulation during sleep; thereby, linking sleep disturbance with elements of CSF circulation and GS exchange. However, our growing knowledge of the relations between sleep, CSF,
When considered separately from cardiovascular disease, stroke is the third leading cause of death in the U.S. and is the leading cause of long-term disability in adults. New approaches that can be offered to the majority of ischemic stroke patients, can be continued throughout post-stroke care, can limit stroke severity, and can complement or even enhance rehabilitation, would transform ischemic
We investigate the possibility of erosion of planetesimals in a protoplanetary disk. We use theory and direct numerical simulations (lattice Boltzmann method) to calculate the erosion of large - much larger than the mean-free path of gas molecules - bodies of different shapes in flows. We find that erosion follows a universal power law in time, at intermediate times, independent of the Reynolds nu
The increased urbanization and human population growth of the recent decades have resulted in the loss of urban green spaces. One policy used to prevent the loss of urban green space is ecological compensation. Ecological compensation is the final step in the mitigation hierarchy; compensation measures should thus be a last resort after all opportunities to implement the earlier steps of the hiera
Ever higher demands on the sealing of rock around underground structures drive the development of cement-based grouts. The results of the previous study demonstrated that it is possible to mill cement to approximately 20 to 25 µm and use it to seal fracture aperture down to approximately 70 µm. Further milling deteriorates the penetrability of the grouts due to the flocculation of the fine particl
The neocortex has a globally encompassing network structure, which for each given input constrains the possible combinations of neuronal activations across it. Hence, its network contains solutions. But in addition, the cortex has an ever-changing multidimensional internal state, causing each given input to result in a wide range of specific neuronal activations. Here we use intracellular recordin
The electromagnetic character of the ΔI=1 transitions connecting the 1- to 0-phonon and the 2- to 1-phonon wobbling bands should be dominated by an E2 component, due to the collective motion of the entire nuclear charge. In the present work it is shown, based on combined angular correlation and linear polarization measurements, that the mixing ratios of all analyzed connecting transitions between
For many years, blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease seemed unattainable, but recent results have shown that they could become a reality. Convincing data generated with new high-sensitivity assays have emerged with remarkable consistency across different cohorts, but also independent of the precise analytical method used. Concentrations in blood of amyloid and phosphorylated tau proteins
Growing evidence supports the importance of lifestyle and environmental exposures— collectively referred to as the ‘exposome’—for ensuring immune health. In this narrative review, we summarize and discuss the effects of the different exposome components (physical activity, body weight management, diet, sun exposure, stress, sleep and circadian rhythms, pollution, smoking, and gut microbiome) on im
To explore the availability and accessibility of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) for people living with HIV in Europe, including the feasibility of cross-border care. Methods: We used a polymorphous engagement approach, primarily based on digital and email-based interviews with representatives of national HIV organizations, clinical researchers (infectious disease and/or infertility speciali
The concept of digital discretion has been defined as information and communication technology (ICT) influencing or replacing the professional judgment of civil servants. Studies within digital discretion has mainly taken a civil servants perspective focusing on how ICT can constrain or enable discretionary practices (Bovens and Zouridis 2002; Wenger and Wilkis 2009; Wihlborg et al. 2016) have inv
I have analyzed the coverage of the 30th anniversary of the Roundtable Agreement and June elections in Polish news-papers of all political hues. Additionally, I scrutinized several official speeches held in connection with the commemorations. The goal of my inquiry has been to examine the uses of memory of 1989 in Polish politics of 2019 and highlight the strategic choices and constraints faced by
The memory of the Holocaust has become one of the most salient and fully-fledged transnational collective memories traveling around the world. Most of the scholarship tracing the transnational flows of Holocaust memory representations has focussed on literature, films, and other media products. This lecture, however, instead foregrounds the research on memory practices in specific geographic locat
