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The Bregman distance is a central tool in convex optimization, particularly in first-order gradient descent and proximal-based algorithms. Such methods enable optimization of functions without Lipschitz continuous gradients by leveraging the concept of relative smoothness, with respect to a reference function h. A key factor in determining the full range of allowed step sizes in Bregman schemes is
Democratic resilience has emerged as a central theme in academic debates in response to growing threats to contemporary democracies, yet little attention has been paid to resilience capacity to external stressors. This article conceptualises electoral integrity as a key democratic resilience capacity and examines how central actors in the Swedish electoral administration make sense of, and navigat
Introduction: Extrauterine pregnancy (EP), represents a significant challenge in reproductive medicine, manifesting in approximately 2% of all pregnancies, primarily implanting within the fallopian tubes (95%). Surgery remains a cornerstone in the therapeutic options for ectopic pregnancies. The most common surgical approach at the moment is laparoscopy. However a relatively new surgical technique
Future studies are methodological tools that have affected policy design over the past decades. In Peru, these tools have developed hand in hand with a cycle of institutional volatility in a context of socioeconomic and political turmoil. While the context has improved, the relevance of future studies in relation with policy design is still questionable. New approaches developed and implemented by
During graded exercise, systolic blood pressure (SBP) is expected to increase linearly, but other responses are observed. To date, a framework for algorithmic assessment of the shape of the SBP response is lacking, making its physiological and clinical relevance poorly understood. We aimed to algorithmically identify distinct SBP response shapes and analyze their association with clinical factors
Traits that affect organismal fitness are often highly genetically variable. This genetic variation is vital for populations to adapt to their environments, but it is also surprising given that nature – after all – ‘selects’ the best genotypes at the expense of those that fall short. Explaining the extensive genetic variation of fitness-related traits is thus a longstanding puzzle in evolutionary
Antibodies are important for protection against malaria. For optimal protective activity, it is thought that antibodies need to have high affinity. A longitudinal study conducted in Uganda followed newborn infants and their mothers for nine months. The study found that antibody affinity (here measured as dissociation rate constant, kd) against the merozoite antigens AMA1 and MSP2 decreased from bi
Plants that depend on animals for reproduction often use complex floral traits to attract pollinators. Floral scent is recognized as part of the pollinator attraction module and can be shaped by plant-pollinator interactions. In recent decades, research has started to reveal the dynamic properties of floral scent, identifying patterns of spatial and temporal variation in floral scent emissions at
Objective: To investigate prevalence and clinical correlates of serum C1q and anti-C1q antibody titres in black South Africans with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: Cross-sectional study of 96 SLE patients, 49 with lupus nephritis (LN). Anti-C1q antibodies were tested by ELISA. Serum C1q was measured as a percentage of normal by immunoelectrophoresis. Disease activity was assessed usin
Tactile slip is a common sensation that is interesting from the perspective of brain perception since it is susceptible to illusions. Here we create the illusion of slipping in a particular direction despite a net zero movement using a simple haptic interface consisting of only two moving parts. We further show that by superimposing net zero motions of different frequencies we can also control the
When searching for an object in my pocket, I can clearly perceive the edges, shape, and hardness of the items I touch — regardless of which part of my fingers makes contact and despite large sensorimotor noise. What accounts for these perceptual invariants? Vincent Hayward introduced key elements to investigate this question, by (i) analyzing mechanical spatiotemporal invariants emerging from the
Building on work of Williams,Wieler proved that every irreducible Smale space with totally disconnected stable sets can be realized via a stationary inverse limit. Using this result, the first and fourth listed authors of the present paper showed that the stable C∗-algebra associated to such a Smale space can be obtained from a stationary inductive limit of a Fell algebra. Its spectrum is typicall
Transformer models pre-trained on self-supervised tasks and fine-tuned on downstream objectives have achieved remarkable results across a variety of domains. However, fine-tuning these models for clinical predictions from longitudinal medical data, such as electronic health records (EHR), remains challenging due to limited labeled data and the complex, event-driven nature of medical sequences. Whi
Introduction: This study evaluated real-world cassette use and cost of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG; 2000 mg levodopa equivalent dose [LED]) and levodopa-entacapone-carbidopa intestinal gel (LECIG; 1250 mg LED) pump treatments among patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD) in Sweden. Methods: This was a non-interventional, longitudinal, retrospective, comparative study of patient
Abstract: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) offers critical insights into tissue microstructure through the assessment of water molecule random displacements and plays a central role in the assessment of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. To successfully implement and use DWI in clinical practice, guidelines for acquisition, interpretation of image contrast and of artefacts should be followed,
We consider analogues of Grigorchuk-Gupta-Sidki (GGS-)groups acting on trees of growing degree; the so-called growing GGS-groups. These groups are not just infinite and do not possess the congruence subgroup property, but many of them are branch and have the p-congruence subgroup property, for a prime p. Among them, we find groups with maximal subgroups only of finite index, and with infinitely ma
Robotic systems often face execution failures due to unexpected obstacles, sensor errors, or environmental changes. Traditional failure recovery methods rely on predefined strategies or human intervention, making them less adaptable. This paper presents a unified failure recovery framework that combines Vision-Language Models (VLMs), a reactive planner, and Behavior Trees (BTs) to enable real-time
Robotic systems often face execution failures due to unexpected obstacles, sensor errors, or environmental changes. Traditional failure recovery methods rely on predefined strategies or human intervention, making them less adaptable. This paper presents a unified failure recovery framework that combines Vision-Language Models (VLMs), a reactive planner, and Behavior Trees (BTs) to enable real-time
Background: Large lower eyelid defects resulting from tumour removal are frequently reconstructed using a tarsoconjunctival flap from the upper eyelid together with an overlying free skin graft, the so-called Hughes procedure. One disadvantage of this technique is that the tarsoconjunctival flap occludes the eye during the revascularization of the graft, which is particularly troublesome for patie
Background: Standardised language tests provide a reliable framework for assessing language deficits in individuals with aphasia, but have long been lacking for various languages, including Swedish. The purpose of this study was to examine the diagnostic accuracy and establish the norm-references of the Swedish version of the Comprehensive Aphasia Test (CAT-S). Methods: Consecutive patients with a
