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Interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT) is an attractive form of local therapy against cancer because of its anti-tumor immune activity. The aim of this work was to evaluate ILT in breast cancer with respect to technique, changes in tissue immunocompetent cells and effect on prognosis. The method is dependent on accurate assessment of the tumor, and another aim was therefore to evaluate if MRI is b

Evidence is accumulating that the pathogenesis of many diseases is triggered by inappropriate inflammatory responses. These serious complications may occur when the tightly regulated inflammatory network is out of balance and it is now clear that this can eventually cause substantial harm to own cells and tissues. Successful infectious agents have evolved an enormous repertoire of modulatory mecha

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det enteriska nervsystemet (ENS) utgör mag-tarmkanalens eget nervsystem, ibland refererat till som “the second brain” då det uppvisar stora likheter med det centrala nervsystemet (CNS). Rubbningar i ENS ger bland annat störningar i tarmens motorik. Denna avhandling handlar om två sjukdomar i mag-tarmkanalen hos barn som bägge är uttryck för en rubbad motorik; HirschspruGastrointestinal motility disorders are common in childhood and in this thesis we look at two of them, i.e. Hirschsprung´s Disease (HD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in five different studies. HD is a congenital disease characterized by an abscence of ganglion cells in myenteric and submucous ganglia, most commonly in the distal part of the large bowel. In Paper I, we have studied th

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det finns celler i vår kropp som har ett livslångt ansvar att tillverka alla blodceller. De kallas blodstamceller, eller hematopoetiska stamceller, och är en till antalet liten population celler som har den enorma kapaciteten att göra 1012 blodceller om dagen under hela vårt liv. Blodstamceller har multipotentiell differentieringsförmåga dvs. de kan bilda alla mogna bloThis thesis is about the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that represent rare cells residing in the bone marrow (BM) of adults. They are multipotent cells that have the capacity to differentiate to all mature cells of the blood system and have the capacity to self-renew, i.e. generate new HSCs. These cells have tremendous therapeutic potential to treat a variety of hematopoietic disor

Background: Moths have evolved highly successful mating systems, relying on species-specific mixtures of sex pheromone components for long-distance mate communication. Acyl-CoA desaturases are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of these compounds and to a large extent they account for the great diversity of pheromone structures in Lepidoptera. A novel desaturase gene subfamily that displays Delta 11

The complement system, a part of the innate immune system with several links to the adaptive immune system, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. The purpose of this thesis was to document and clarify some of these mechanisms. The thesis is based on four papers (I-IV). (I and II) Autoantibodies to the C3 cleaving enzyme complex of the alternative pathway, C3 nephritic facto

This dissertation deals with the transferability of an evidence-based treatment method from one cultural context to another, with Multisystemic Therapy (MST) in Sweden as an example. The primary research question is whether the evidence-based treatment intervention MST can be transferred from the US to Sweden with retained treatment effects. This thesis is organized around four separate but interr

Deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) following cardiothoracic surgery is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication with high morbidity and mortality. DSWI is associated with a significant increase in the length of hospital stay and the cost of hospitalization. The socioeconomic impact of DSWI is considerable. Conventional treatment includes reexploration, surgical debridement, mediastin

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide with more than 700,000 deaths every year. Prognosis mostly depends on disease stage at diagnosis, however, outcome may vary considerably even within the same stage. Thus, there is a great need for new prognostic biomarkers to better identify patients with a high risk of developing metastases and select right patients for adjuvant tr

Popular Abstract in Swedish Pankreascancer (cancer i bukspottkörteln) utgör fjärde orsak död i cancer. Det är den cancerform som har den dystraste prognosen av alla, med en 5-års överlevnad mindre än 6%. Sjukdomsrelaterade symptom uppträder ofta sent i förloppet och det saknas metoder för tidig diagnos varför de flesta av patienterna upptäckts i sent skede. Endast cirka 20 procent av patienterna kPancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with a 5-year survival less than 6%. It does not show any symptoms in its early stages, hence most (>85%) of the patients are diagnosed at late stage. At the time of diagnosis, metastases are frequently observed which make most patients unsuitable for curative surgical treatment and chemotherapy remains the only choice fo

The haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) resides within a specific environment enabling it to retain its self-renewal capacity or quiescent state. It is proposed that the HSC niche is hypoxic, a milieu within which the HSC is protected from intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli. We have investigated the haematopoietic phenotype of an HSC in a mouse model where hypoxia-regulated Vegfa expression is abrogated.

Aortic arch repair, is a surgical challenge irrespective of which technique is applied. While open surgical repair is a major trauma and a technically difficult procedure that many elderly patients tolerate poorly, the branched and fenestrated stentgrafts remain complex to implant safely. Hybrid procedures combine some of the advantages of both open and endovascular techniques but also many disadv

OBJECTIVE: To determine the proliferation rates of mesothelial cells in metastatic and benign effusions. STUDY DESIGN: Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin-fixed pellets from 16 malignant and 9 benign clinical effusions. Dual staining with antibodies against Ki-67 (MIB-1) and desmin was applied to all effusions to differentiate between benign mesothelial cells and malignant cells, and th