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Alltsedan internets uppkomst har upphovsrätten tvingats till modernisering för att kunna hantera situationer där upphovsrättsligt skyddat material sprids över nätet på nya sätt i större omfattning än tidigare. Genom fildelning, streaming och delning av material via sociala medieplattformar kan skyddade verk spridas till stora grupper online med enkelhet. I takt med detta behov av modernisering på

Att undersöka stjärnor i infrarött är en relativt ny företeelse till skillnad från optisk astronomi (dvs. synligt ljus). Det var först på 60-talet med teleskopet Stratoscope II som man lyckades få spektra från stjärnor i infrarött (våglängder på runt 3 m), och upptäckte förekomsten av vatten i kalla röda jättar. Den bakomliggade problematiken till varför modern infraröd astronomi är så ungt är våThe advent of infrared astronomy, unlike optical astronomy that was developed over centuries, was delayed until the space age due to our own atmosphere acting as an efficient shield towards this radiation. With a lot of molecules (including water) emitting in the infrared region, it was first in the late 1990s that water no longer was deemed special and was observed in many cooler (K-M) giant star

Malmö är en stad som genomsyras av människor och kulturer från olika delar av världen. I den kulturella mångfalden finns tätgrupper med en nära förankring i sin etniska bakgrund. Min uppsats beskriver hur människor med persisk bakgrund förhåller sig till sina persiska musiktraditioner och sin kulturella identitet i det svenska samhället. Studien har inspirerats av mina egna erfarenheter av persiskTo preserve the origin of a musical culture Malmo is a city that contains a lot of people from different parts of the world. There are certain groups with a close bond to their ethnicity. My study is a description of how people with persian roots relates to their persian musical traditions and their cultural identity in the swedish society. The study is inspired by my own experiences of Persian mu

Sexualbrotten i svensk rätt kräver idag att gärningsmannen har använt någon typ av våld eller hot, eller har utnyttjat ett hjälplöst tillstånd. År 2003 kom emellertid Europadomstolens avgörande i Bulgariendomen, i vilken kan utläsas att varje sexuell handling som begås utan samtycke ska vara straffbar. Sedan dess har det i Sverige livligt debatterats om huruvida domen innebär att den svenska lagen

During the MOVPE growth of III-V layers on Ge substrates, Ge atoms can be evaporated or etched from the back of the wafer and reach the growth surface, becoming incorporated into the epilayers. This is the so-called Ge autodoping effect, which we have studied through a set of growth experiments of GaInP and Ga(In)As layers lattice matched to Ge substrates, which have been characterized by Secondar

Partikelfysikens standardmodell är en av de mest exakta modellerna inom fysiken. Den beskriver interaktionerna mellan fundamentala partiklar som kvarkar och leptoner, hur Higgspartikeln ger massa till andra partiklar och tre av universums fyra fundamentala krafter: elektromagnetism, svag växelverkan och stark kärnkraft. Tyvärr finns det frågor som inte ens standardmodellen kan svara på. "Varf

A feedback neural approach to static communication routing in asymmetric networks is presented, where a mean field formulation of the Bellman-Ford method for the single unicast problem is used as a common platform for developing algorithms for multiple unicast, multicast and multiple multicast problems. The appealing locality and update philosophy of the Bellman-Ford algorithm is inherited. For al

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and other T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases develop in individuals carrying a complex susceptibility trait, probably following exposure to various environmental triggers. Owing to the presumed weak influence of single genes on disease predisposition and the recognized genetic heterogeneity of autoimmune disorders in humans, candidate gene searches in MS have been difficul

Motivation: The pairwise alignment of biological sequences obtained from an algorithm will in general contain both correct and incorrect parts. Hence, to allow for a valid interpretation of the alignment, the local trustworthiness of the alignment has to be quantified. Results: We present a novel approach that attributes a reliability index to every pair of residues, including gapped regions, in t

Topological properties of "scale-free" networks are investigated by determining their spectral dimensions d(S), which reflect a diffusion process in the corresponding graphs. Data bases for citation networks and metabolic networks together with simulation results from the growing network model [A.-L. Barabasi and R. Albert, Science 286, 509 (1999)] are probed. For completeness and comparisons latt

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den organiska kemin har spelat en viktig roll i samhällsutvecklingen. Förmågan att på ett kontrollerat sätt kunna syntetisera substanser är en nyckelkunskap för vetenskap och industri. Utvecklingen har idag kommit så långt att man även för kommersiellt bruk kan syntetisera mycket avancerade molekyler som t. ex. läkemedel. På senare år har den organiska syntesen fått en

We present measurements of J/psi yields in d + Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV recorded by the PHENIX experiment and compare them with yields in p + p collisions at the same energy per nucleon-nucleon collision. The measurements cover a large kinematic range in J/psi rapidity (-2.2 < y < 2.4) with high statistical precision and are compared with two theoretical models: one with nuclear shadow

Divergent-light halos are halos produced by light from nearby light sources, like street lamps being scattered by small crystals of ice floating in the air. The use of "brute-force" Monte Carlo methods to simulate such halos is extremely inefficient, as most scattered rays will not hit the eye of the observer. I present a new procedure for Monte Carlo simulations of divergent-light halos. This pro

A mean field feedback artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm is developed and explored for the set covering problem. A convenient encoding of the inequality constraints is achieved by means of a multilinear penalty function. An approximate energy minimum is obtained by iterating a set of mean field equations, in combination with annealing. The approach is numerically tested against a set of pub

We propose a simple architecture for implementing supervised neural network models optically with photorefractive technology. The architecture is very versatile: a wide range of supervised learning algorithms can be implemented including mean-field-theory, backpropagation, and Kanerva-style networks. Our architecture is based on a single crystal with spatial multiplexing rather than the more commo

The muon anomalous magnetic moment continues to attract attention due to the possible tension between the experimentally measured value and the theoretical Standard Model prediction. With the aim to reduce the uncertainty on the hadronic light-by-light contribution to the magnetic moment, we derive short-distance constraints in the Melnikov-Vainshtein regime which are useful for data-driven determ

In public libraries there seems to be an unspoken consensus on what literary quality is. At the same time librarians are always eager to express the opinion that quality lies in the eye of the beholder. Quality is, it is said, something that you don t have to define. But at the same time it s up to everyone to decide what quality means to them. What I have been missing from the discussion in libra