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Objective: To compare long-term patient outcome in a prospective randomized controlled trial between unilateral and bilateral neck exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Summary Background Data: Minimal invasive and/or focused parathyroidectomy has challenged the traditional bilateral neck exploration for pHPT. Between 1997 and 2001, we conducted the first unselected randomized contro

It is estimated that the average Swede throws away 61 kg of food waste annually. The more food waste there is, the more food waste bags are required. Since the implementation of a tax on thin plastic bags, grocery stores have been providing fruit bags of paper as an eco-friendly alternative. This study examines the current usage of paper fruit bags in the municipality of Helsingborg and explores t

A PV/T collector have been developed and evaluated at the department of Energy and Building Design at the Technical University of Lund, LTH in Sweden. The PV/T, a “multifunctional solar window” made of PV cells laminated on solar absorbers, is placed in a window behind the glazing. The solar window is built into a single family house, Solgården, in Älvkarleö outside Gävle in the eastern part of Sw

During excavations of the nunnery of Vreta, a number of artefacts for medical and hygienic use were found, including medical vessels, a clasp-knife, different types of forceps, phlebotomy knives and a surgical sharp hook. The artefacts show that medical and most probably some surgical activity has taken place there. Compared to other Swedish Cistercian monasteries, as the nunnery of Gudhem and the

The transport sector accounts for large proportions of greenhouse gas emissions and energy usage in Sweden, about 40% and 30%, respectively. Most of this, 93%, comes from road transports. There is, therefore, a strong political desire to reduce the use of fossil fuels in road transport. Several alternatives to fossil fuels have been discussed and, more recently, interest in electrically driven veh

Background: Prostate cancer screening depends on a careful balance of benefits, in terms of reduced prostate cancer mortality, and harms, in terms of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. We aimed to estimate the effect on overdiagnosis of restricting prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing by age and baseline PSA. Methods: Estimates of the effects of age on overdiagnosis were based on population based

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Familial risks in liver and biliary cancers have been assessed in small case control studies, usually based on reported, but not medically verified, cancers in family members. Thus the degree of familial clustering for these cancers remains to be established.METHODS: The nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database was used, covering 10.2 million individuals for the years 1961-19

Background: Previous studies from the USA have shown that acute nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in low risk emergency department (ED) patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) can be of clinical value. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility and hospital economics of acute MPI in Swedish ED patients with suspected ACS. Methods: We included 40 patients (mean age 55

Syftet med examensarbetet är att se vilka insatser som genomförs av projektledningen för att öka effektiviteten samt hur projektledningens insatser påverkar välmåendet hos medarbetarna. Arbetet är en kvalitativ studie där en fallstudie har genomförts tillsammans med en kompletterande intervjustudie. Fallstudien har genomförts på sex avslutade byggprojekt i Skåne där personer inom projektorganisatiThe purpose of this master thesis is to examine which project management initiatives increase the effectivity and how the project management initiatives affect the employee’s well-being. The master thesis is a qualitative case study and interview study. In the case study employees from six different construction projects in Scania have been interviewed. The respondents were project managers, produ

PLGA/PLA polymeric nanoparticles could potentially enhance the effectiveness of convective delivery of drugs, such as carboplatin, to the brain, by enabling a more sustained dosage over a longer time than otherwise possible. However, the link between the controlled release nanoparticle synthesis route, and the subsequent drug release profile obtained, is not well-understood, which hinders design o

Phasmatodea, more commonly known as stick insects, have been poorly studied at the molecular level for several key traits, such as components of the sensory system and regulators of reproduction and development, impeding a deeper understanding of their functional biology. Here, we employ de novo transcriptome analysis to identify genes with primary functions related to female odour reception, dige

BACKGROUND: Phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI, EC 5.3.1.9) is an essential metabolic enzyme in all eukaryotes. An earlier study of the PgiC1 gene, which encodes cytosolic PGI in the grass Festuca ovina L., revealed a marked difference in the levels of nucleotide polymorphism between the 5' and 3' portions of the gene.METHODS: In the present study, we characterized the sequence polymorphism in F. ovina

Summary: Studies of determinants of the development of inhibitory antibodies in patients with haemophilia indicate that this is a complex process involving several factors. The foundation is characterized by the T- and B-cell repertoire and the antigen presenting cells and to elicit an immune response to the deficient factor, a pre-disposing foundation is needed. Hence, in the absence of a certain

This thesis concerns a sociological analysis on the role of generations in the processes of the construction of national identities, and long-distance nationalism in diasporic settings. The empirical case taken is a political generation of Kurds from Turkey who once arrived in Sweden as political refugees. The primary aim of the thesis is to study how national identities are constructed and maint

BACKGROUND: Retinoic acid (RA) and fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) signaling control endoderm patterning and pancreas induction/expansion. Based on these findings, RA and FGFs, excluding FGF4, have frequently been used in differentiation protocols to direct differentiation of hESCs into endodermal and pancreatic cell types. In vivo, these signaling pathways act in a temporal and concentration-de