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From a report presented by Public health agency (Folkhälsomyndigheten), it is common amongst female students to experience the study situation as stressful and filled with anxiety. Because of the discussion about female students study situation and the problems it brings is quite old, I experience it to be important for me as a ethnological student and furthermore to contribute with my ethnologica

Hur allting började och stora ting har alltid fascinerat människor, och hur mycket större och "i början" blir det än i kosmologi, läran om universums födelse och utveckling? När universum var bara några minuter gammalt var det minst sagt ohyggligt varmt (miljoner grader!). Vi har hyfsad koll på vad som hände vid olika tidpunkter efter de första sekunderna, efter 3 minuter bildades det väThe purpose of this thesis is to study what effect a photon field has on the equations of motion and the decay of a charged scalar field in thermal equilibrium at finite temperature and outside of thermal equilibrium. To do this we calculate the two-particle irreducible effective action for the mean fields and propagators and derive their equations of motion. The functional representations of up t

The authors describe an approach to particle tracking based on deformable templates. Hough transforms are used to give initial conditions for the templates which then converge using a deterministic annealing algorithm. This template approach is closely related to the elastic net algorithm. The authors demonstrate successful results on both simulated and real data. The authors also show how the Hou

An F77 package for feed-forward artificial neural network data processing, JETNET 3.0, is presented. It represents a substantial extension and generalization of an earlier release, JETNET 2.0. The package, which consists of a set of subroutines, is focused on multilayer perceptron architectures. As compared to earlier versions it contains a variety of minimization options, measures for monitoring

We study the thermodynamic behaviour of the random chain model proposed by Iori, Marinari and Parisi and how this behaviour depends on the actual sequence of interactions along the chain. The properties of randomly chosen sequences are compared to those of designed sequences obtained through a simulated annealing procedure in sequence space. We show that for designed sequences the transition to th

We introduce photons in partially quenched chiral perturbation theory and calculate the resulting electromagnetic loop-corrections at next-to-leading-order (NLO) for the charged meson masses and decay constants. We also present a numerical analysis to indicate the size of the different corrections. We show that several phenomenologically relevant quantities can be calculated consistently with phot

A summary of recent progress in Chiral Perturbation Theory (ChPT) at the two-loop level is given. A short introduction to ChPT is included, along with an explanation of the usefulness of developing ChPT for partially quenched QCD. Further, our recent work in partially quenched ChPT is reviewed, and a few comments are given on older work in mesonic ChPT at the two-loop level. In particular, we quot

En av de stora olösta problemen inom astronomi är hur galaxer bildas och utvecklas och i synnerhet hur våran egen Galax, Vintergatan, formades och utvecklades. Det är ett problem som astronomer har försökt lösa i åtskilliga årtionden, men först på senare tid har instrumenten blivit så pass nogranna att vi har möjligheten lösa detta problemet. Med moderna observationer har vi idag en bra bild av huThe formation and evolution of the Milky Way is a subject under constant debate. Our understanding of the hierarchical structure for- mation of the Galaxy is limited and as it stands now, there are several different competeing models that aim to explain the observations. The initial aim of this project was to study vertical metallicity gradi- ents in the thick disk whilst applying a previously unu

We explore the possibilities of using the complex Langevin equation to Monte Carlo generate configurations of gauge theories with static charges present in the action. Successful results are obtained for systems that possess nontrivial saddle-point (classical) solutions. For that reason the algorithm works impressively for two-dimensional U(1) in the entire β-range whereas for three- and four-dime

By Monte Carlo calculations on a 124 lattice we investigate four-dimensional SU(2) lattice gauge theory with respect to the conjecture that at large distances this theory reduces approximately to two-dimensional SU(2) lattice gauge theory. We find good numerical evidence for this conjecture. As a by-product we also measure the SU(2) string tension and find reasonable agreement with scaling. The "a

A neural network algorithm for finding tracks in high energy physics experiments is presented. The performance of the algorithm is explored on modest size samples with encouraging results. It is inherently parallel and thus suitable for execution on a conventional SIMD architecture. More important, it naturally lends itself to direct implementations in custom made hardware, which would permit real

A F77 package of adaptive artificial neural network algorithms, JETNET 2.0, is presented. Its primary target is the high energy physics community, but it is general enough to be used in any pattern-recognition application area. The basic ingredients are the multilayer perceptron back-propagation algorithm and the topological self-organizing map. The package consists of a set of subroutines, which

We calculate differential cross sections for exclusive double diffractive (EDD) production of open charm in proton-proton and proton-antiproton collisions. Sizeable cross sections are found. The EDD contribution constitutes about 1% of the total inclusive cross section for open charm production. A few differential distributions are shown and discussed. The EDD contribution falls faster both with t

Sweden's public sector is drastically changing through reforms of privatization and increased market influences. The aim of this thesis is to examine these reforms' effects on political accountability. The object of study is the regional municipality of Scania, Region Skåne, and its elected officials' possibilities for accountability from the privatized primary care section of the regi

Dagens samhälle blir mer och mer datoriserad och tekniken blir allt mer avancerad. I teknikens framkant finner man artificiell intelligens. Idag finns det artificiell intelligens som kan vinna över världsmästare i en mängd olika brädspel som schack och go, kan analysera och förstå bild och tal, och hjälpa läkare med diagnosering av patienter. Artificiell intelligens tillämpas också i självkörande

This work presents a way of analysing photographs stored in Canon’s CR2-format in order to analyse the light intensity profile of the area where the photographs were taken. A set of underwater photographs of the habitat of the Cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis, were provided for this thesis. The light intensity profile of the habitat of the cuttlefish is of interest because of the unusual shape of its pupil

BACKGROUND: There is little consensus on a standard approach to analysing bone scan images. The Bone Scan Index (BSI) is predictive of survival in patients with progressive prostate cancer (PCa), but the popularity of this metric is hampered by the tedium of the manual calculation. OBJECTIVE: Develop a fully automated method of quantifying the BSI and determining the clinical value of automated

Owing to their extreme crowding and high and variable extinction, stars in the Galactic Bulge, within ±2° of the Galactic plane, and especially those in the Nuclear Star Cluster, have only rarely been targeted for an analyses of their detailed abundances. There is also some disagreement about the high end of the abundance scale for these stars. It is now possible to obtain high dispersion, high S/