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Political conditionality is when certain conditions concerning democracy, the respect for human and civil rights, and the rule of law are to be met by the recipient country either as a prerequisite for, or for keeping up aid. It may seem impossible to ethically justify aid without these kinds of conditions, but they can bring about severe complications that have to be taken into consideration in f

The aim of this thesis is to explain the Swedish foreign policy change regarding to the recognition of new states between 1991 and 2011. Traditionally the Swedish policy on recognition of new states is based on the legal criteria for statehood; a state must possess a permanent population; cover a defined territory and be presided over by an effective government. In this thesis a descriptive study

Reglerna som avser efterbehandling av förorenade områden finns i 10 kap miljöbalken (1998:808). Principen om att förorenaren betalar är en central princip som ligger bakom utformningen av dessa regler. Ett av principens syften är att säkerställa efterbehandling av förorenade områden utan att statsbudgeten belastas. Av 10 kap MB framgår att den som är primärt ansvarig för att avhjälpande sker är veThe regulations regarding remediation of polluted areas are found in the 10 chapter of the Swedish environmental code (Miljöbalk (1998:808)). The polluter pays principle is a central principle on which these regulations are based. One of the primary purposes with this principle is to ensure remediation of polluted areas without strain on the national budget. The primary liability lies with the so-

Stockholms stad äger stor del av marken i Stockholms kommun. När byggherrar vill bygga bostäder tecknar Stockholms stad och byggherrarna ett markanvisningsavtal. Vid tecknade av markanvisningsavtalet bestäms priset för marken men förvärvet genomförs först när fastigheten tillträds. Tillträdet sker vanligtvis efter två till tre år, då detaljplaneprocessen är klar, men ibland tar det längre tid. StoStockholm stad owns a large part of the land in Stockholm. When developers wants to build houses, Stockholm stad and the developer sign a land allocation agreement. When the land allocation agreement is signed, the price is determined for the land, but the purchase will take place when the developer gets access to the land. Access usually occurs after two to three years, when the detailed developm

As climate change becomes more urgent and menacing humanity will need its cities more than ever. Green urban development is therefore a way, for leading cities, to try and tackle future complications. This is also the ambition of this study to examine a new future planned green district in central Copenhagen called Lynetteholmen. The aim of this study is to analyze potential incentives in the urba

I svensk rätt kan unga lagöverträdare mellan femton och arton år frihetsberövas om det finns synnerliga skäl till det. De påföljder som står till buds är då antingen sluten ungdomsvård eller fängelse – ensamt eller i kombination med skyddstillsyn. Vilken frihetsberövande påföljd som en ung lagöverträdare ska dömas till kan vid en första anblick anses vara klart och tydligt reglerat i svensk lag. PIn Swedish law it is possible to make a deprivation of liberty for juvenile offenders between 15 and 18 years old in case of extraordinary reasons. The available custodial sentences are institutional care of young people and imprisonment – imprisonment could also be combined with probation. Which custodial sentence the court will use for the juvenile offender seems at first sight to be clear in Sw

Popularvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Storkprojektet i Skåne – nutid och framtid Den vita storken (Ciconia ciconia) har varit utdöd i Sverige sedan 1954. Orsaken till storkens försvinnande tros ha varit en kombination av utdikningar av våtmarker, ökad dödlighet samt en generellt nedåtgående trend hos storkpopulationerna i övriga Europa. Sedan 1989 pågår ett återintroduceringsförsök i Skåne. Genom Abstract: In 1954 the last breeding attempt by the White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) in Sweden failed and the species was declared extinct from the Swedish fauna. Reasons for the extinction are thought to be a combination of issues such as habitat conversion, increased mortality and an overall decline of the European White Stork populations. Since 1989 an ongoing reintroduc-tion programme for the Whi

Chronic pancreatitis should be managed medically until a surgical correctable complication develops. The ‘ideal’ operation should have a low mortality and morbidity, be easy to perform, provide pain relief, rectify the structural abnormalities such as bile duct obstruction, and not augment exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Direct measurements made at the time of laparotomy have shown that at l