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Accounts of ontic explanation have often been devised so as to provide an understanding of mechanism and of causation. Ontic accounts differ quite radically in their ontologies, and one of the latest additions to this tradition proposed by Peter Machamer, Lindley Darden and Carl Craver reintroduces the concept of activity. In this paper I ask whether this influential and activity-based account of

Popular Abstract in Swedish Att leverera ett läkemedel till hjärnan är svårt då blod-hjärnbarriären effektivt stoppar de flesta kemiska substanser eller kräver att läkemedlet ges i höga systemiska doser. Om läkemedlet passerar blod-hjärnbärriaren påverkar det i så fall alla strukturer och celltyper. Detta är problematiskt i hjärnan då det här finns avgränsade strukturer med olika funktion, ibland Gene therapy in the brain is a promising treatment strategy that in the future may be used for several brain disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and lysosomal storage diseases. By introducing a new gene, rather than providing a classical pharmacological drug, gene therapy offers the opportunity to treat neurological disorders by a single intervention. However, gene therap

Dyschondrosteosis (DCO; also called Leri-Weill syndrome) is a skeletal dysplasia characterised by disproportionate short stature because of mesomelic shortening of the limbs. Madelung deformity is a feature of DCO that is distinctive, variable in expressivity and frequently observed. Mutations of the SHOX (short stature homeobox-containing) gene have been previously described as causative in DCO.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling beskriver vissa funktionella syntetiska modeller av non-hem mononukleära järn oxygenas-enzymer. Sådana enzymer katalyserar ett brett spektrum av oxidationsreaktioner av biologisk relevans, som utnyttjar molekylärt syre. Dessa reaktioner utförs i regio- och stereoselektivt sätt och med hög verkningsgrad. Föreslås oxidationsreaktionerna ske via mellan högNon-heme mononuclear iron oxygenases catalyze a large number of oxidation reactions in biological systems. The reactions are often proposed to proceed via the intermediacy of high valent Fe(IV) oxo (ferryl) or, Fe(V) oxo (perferryl) intermediates. Therefore, in order to mimic the high valent Fe(IV) oxo chemistry as well as the catalytic processes exhibited by those enzymes, new functional model co

In Sweden, Jurassic strata are restricted to Skåne and adjacent offshore areas. Jurassic sedimentary rocks predominantly comprise sandy to muddy siliciclastics, with subordinate coal beds and few carbonate-rich beds. During Mesozoic times, block-faulting took place in the Sorgenfrei– Tornquist Zone, a tectonic zone which transects Skåne in a NW–SE direction. The Jurassic depositional environments

True tendon regeneration in human patients remains a vision of musculoskeletal therapies. In comparison to other mesenchymal lineages the biology of tenogenic differentiation is barely understood. Specifically, easy and efficient protocols are lacking that might enable tendon cell and tissue differentiation based on adult (stem) cell sources. In the murine mesenchymal progenitor cell line C3H10T1/