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The rate of water exchange across cell membranes is a parameter of biological interest and can be measured by diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). In this work, we investigate a stochastic model for the diffusion-and-exchange of water molecules. This model provides a general solution for the temporal evolution of dMRI signal using any type of gradient waveform, thereby generalizing the sig
In order to improve curve safety, warning signs are used to alert drivers to unexpected changes in horizontal alignment and speed variations. While all countries have standards and guidelines for signs, markings and delineations to ensure a uniform system, they do not use them in the same way and choices and combinations may differ. SAFESTAR project promoted a method for establishing uniform curve
The aim of this study was to psychometrically test the Swedish version of the Doloplus-2 instrument for its use among older people. The Doloplus-2 instrument is a pain assessment tool that aims at measure pain among those who can not fully express their pain of various reasons. The instrument was tested in a sample consisting of 48 patients with cognitive impairment. Each patient was observed by t
In 2001, a paper published in Nature by Andrews et al postulated the use of six co-located antennas, namely three electric and three magnetic dipoles, to achieve up to a six-fold capacity increase in wireless channels, relative to that of a single antenna. In other words, six degrees of freedom (DOFs) can be supported in a wireless channel with co-located six-port transmit and receive antenna arra
The most prominent of the two major global delta C-13 excursions in the Ordovician, the Hirnantian delta C-13 excursion (HICE), which is previously recorded from the uppermost Ordovician in a few sections in Nevada, Quebec, Arctic Canada, Baltoscandia, Scotland and China, is documented for the first time from the North American Midcontinent. Samples through the Girardeau Limestone and Leemon Forma
The neural crest (NC) is a transient, migratory cell population that differentiates into a large variety of tissues including craniofacial cartilage, melanocytes, and peripheral nervous system. NC is initially induced at the border of neural plate and non-neuralectoderm by balanced regulation of multiple signaling pathways, among which an intermediate bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is
