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Popular Abstract in Swedish Svavel är den mest förekommande föroreningen i råolja och finns närvarande i form av organiska tioler, sulfider, disulfider och tiofener. Vid förbränning av dessa bildas svaveloxider som kombinerat med vatten i atmosfären bidrar till surt regn. Dessutom har dessa föreningar en tendens att kontaminera ädelmetall-baserade katalysatorer som används för hydrokrackning i raf
We give an account of the characteristics that result from reflecting a drifting local martingale (i.e. the sum of a local martingale and a multiple of its quadratic variation process) in 0 and b > 0. We present conditions which guarantee the existence of finite moments of what is required to keep the reflected process within its boundaries. Also, we derive an associated law of large numbers and a
In a sample of 1358 women and 858 men, >= 60 yr of age who have been followed-up for up to 15 yr, it was estimated that the mortality-adjusted residual lifetime risk of fracture was 44 % for women and 25 % for men. Among those with BMD T-scores <=-2.5, the risks increased to 65% in women and 42% in men. Introduction: Risk assessment of osteoporotic fracture is shifting from relative risk to an abs
The mixed-valence triiron complexes [Fe3(CO)7-x (PPh3) x (μ-edt)2] (x = 0-2; edt = SCH2CH2S) and [Fe3(CO)5(κ(2)-diphosphine)(μ-edt)2] (diphosphine = dppv, dppe, dppb, dppn) have been prepared and structurally characterized. All adopt an anti arrangement of the dithiolate bridges, and PPh3 substitution occurs at the apical positions of the outer iron atoms, while the diphosphine complexes exist onl
Managing water in urban areas is an ever increasingly complex challenge. Technology enables sustainable urban water management and with integrated smart metering solu- tions, massive amounts of water consumption data from the end users can be collected. However, the possibility of generating data from the end user holds no value in itself. It is with the use of data analysis the vast amount of the
Krediter spelar en central roll i det moderna konsumtionssamhället och möjliggör för konsumenter att finansiera köp som de annars inte skulle ha råd med. Samtidigt medför en överdriven upplåning risker, då konsumenter kan åta sig skulder de inte kan återbetala, vilket kan leda till överskuldsättning. Problemet har både individuella och samhälleliga konsekvenser: individen kan uppleva allvarlig ekoCredit serves as a fundamental pillar of modern consumer-driven economies, empowering individuals to finance substantial purchases that would otherwise be unattainable. However, excessive borrowing carries risks, as consumers may accumulate debts they cannot repay, leading to over-indebtedness. This issue has both personal and societal consequences: individuals may experience severe financial dist
Den svenska regeringen presenterade år 2023 en strategi för hur vi ska ställa om till en cirkulär ekonomi. Samtidigt har ett antal nya EU-direktiv år 2024 trätt i kraft som tar sikte på regler för hur fler konsumentprodukter kan repareras för att få en förlängd livscykel. En aspekt att beakta vid strävan mot en mer cirkulär ekonomi genom nya konsumentregler för produkter är hur upphovs-rätten tillIn 2023 the Swedish government presented a strategy for how to implement a circular economy. At the same time, several EU directives have come into force during 2024 that aims to regulate how more consumer products can be repaired to prolong their life cycle. One aspect to consider when pursuing a more circular economy through reparation is how copyright to products and user manuals affects the po
The district heating sector is moving into a new era which brings lower temperatures in the heating network which in turn opens up for a more extensive use of low grade heat such as solar heat. This project aims to develop a dynamic simulation model for feeding centrals in order to be able to design and optimize systems for decentralized feeding regardless of heat source. The big challenge lies in
Statslöshet inskränker många rättigheter, såsom rätten till utbildning och arbete, vilket leder till att många statslösa personer befinner sig i socioekonomisk utsatthet. Socioekonomisk utsatthet kan leda till så akuta konsekvenser att människor tvingas korsa internationella gränser för att söka skydd någon annanstans, till exempel som flyktingar. I internationell flyktingrätt är det allmänt etablStatelessness restricts the access of many rights, such as education and employment, which leads to many stateless persons finding themselves in socio-economic deprivation. The predicament of socio-economic deprivation can become so acute as to force people to cross international borders to seek protection elsewhere, for example as refugees. In international refugee law, it is widely acknowledged
Syftet med denna uppsats är att kritiskt granska ändamålen med nämndemän för att ta reda på om dessa är välgrundade. Syftet är vidare att undersöka om några önskvärda förändringar kan göras för att uppnå ett mer ändamålsenligt system. Den rättsdogmatiska metoden har tillämpats för att klargöra för det nuvarande systemet med nämndemän samt om regleringen kring systemet borde förändras. Framförallt
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have acquired greater relevance as tools to support decision-making processes, and during the last decades they have been used in conjunction with Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis techniques (GIS-MCDA) to solve real-world spatial problems. GIS-MCDA can be generally divided in Multi-Attribute and Multi-Objective techniques. Until now most of the applications of
For more than a century the research on the Antikythera Mechanism engaged scientists from a widerange of scientific disciplines searching for clues, in order to solve the mystery that this unique ar-chaeological find poses. The results so far have been spectacular enough to re-write the History ofTechnology providing new aspects on the degree of technological sophistication and scientific de-velop
We report the case of a 63-year-old man who presented with a 2-week complaint of lower extremity pain, swelling, and low-grade fever after an episode of septic arthritis in the ipsilateral knee. The investigation showed a rapidly expanding popliteal artery aneurysm (PAA). The rare clinical entity of an infective PAA was suspected and was confirmed by the cultures obtained at the right femoropoplit
The study of the movement of ‘things’ — the exchange of objects as gifts or through trade, the itineraries that they followed when on the move, and their changing importance from location to location — can offer unique insights into our understanding of past societies; and archaeology plays a vital role in allowing such movements to be traced. Nonetheless the circulation of objects across time, an
Specific features of white matter microstructure can be investigated by using biophysical models to interpret relaxation-diffusion MRI brain data. Although more intricate models have the potential to reveal more details of the tissue, they also incur time-consuming parameter estimation that may converge to inaccurate solutions due to a prevalence of local minima in a degenerate fitting landscape.
