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We present a method for parametrizing the Zeeman effect in hydrogen-like systems in high-temperature plasmas, where the fine-structure is completely unresolved. The method is based on the observation that the different polarization components behave collectively like separate entities, with simple relations. The entire Zeeman pattern can then be reduced to just three components, whose dependence o
Recycling as part of environmental considerations has become a common feature in architecture and building construction. Recycling of building waste can make a considerable contribution to reducing the total environmental impact of the building sector. To increase the scope for recycling in the future, aspects of recycling have to be included in the design phase. Design for disassembly is a key ta
Med utgångspunkt i den nya samtyckeslagen undersöker den här uppsatsen vilket ansvar som placeras på målsäganden i våldtäktsmål, och jämför det med hur ansvaret traditionellt har sett ut. Med ett synsätt som präglas av rättsutveckling och genusrättsvetenskap försöker jag förstå hur målsägandens roll har skapats och fortsätter att skapas, och hur rätten och samhället påverkar varandra i olika riktn
Syfte: Huvudsyftet med studien är att redovisa för språkets utveckling avseende vem och vad som har studerats i vetenskapliga artiklar som berör styrning av professionella inom hälso- och sjukvården. Utifrån given teori och utfallet av vem och vad som har undersökts kan luckor i forskningen belysas. Ett delsyfte med studien är att utarbeta en metod för att analysera språket i de vetenskapliga arti
We consider electromagnetic finite-volume effects through order 1/L3 in different formulations of QED, where L is the periodicity of the spatial volume.An inherent problem at this order is the appearance of structure-dependent quantities related to form factors and the analytical structure of the correlation functions.The non-local constraint of the widely used QEDL regularization gives rise to st
We present a rate equation model for the TGF-beta pathway in endothelial cells together with novel measurements. This pathway plays a prominent role in inter- and intracellular communication and subversion can lead to cancer, fibrosis vascular disorders, and immune diseases. The model successfully describes the kinetics of experimental data and also correctly predicts the behavior in experiments w
A fully integrated instrument for cereal grain quality assessment is presented. Color video images of grains fed onto a belt are digitized. These images are then segmented into kernel entities, which are subject to the analysis. The number of degrees of freedom for each such object is decreased to a suitable level for Artificial Neural Network (ANN) processing. Feed- forward ANN's with one hidden
The direct reprogramming of adult skin fibroblasts to neurons is thought to be controlled by a small set of interacting gene regulators. Here, we investigate how the interaction dynamics between these regulating factors coordinate cellular decision making in direct neuronal reprogramming. We put forward a quantitative model of the governing gene regulatory system, supported by measurements of mRNA
Vår stjärna, Solen, uppehåller livet här på vår planet och utan den vore vi inte här. Solen sitter i solsystemets centrum och innehåller mestadelen av solsystemets massa. Men nu när vårt samhälle litar sig mer och mer på teknologi måste vi hålla ett vakande öga på solen. Solstormar och rymdväder kan slå ut våra satelliter och även elförsörjningen här på marken.Vi tittar tillbaka och pratar om hur Our star, the Sun, supports all life on this planet and without it we would not be here. The Sun is the heart of our Solar System. But now that our society becomes more and more technological dependent we do need to monitor it closely because solar storms and space weather can affect our satellites in space and even our electronics here on the ground. Travel back to the beginning of time and exper
A novel method is presented and explored within the framework of Potts neural networks for solving optimization problems with a non-trivial topology, with the airline crew scheduling problem as a target application. The key ingredient to handle the topological complications is a propagator defined in terms of Potts neurons. The approach is tested on artificial problems generated with two real-worl
A variational method for computing conformational properties of molecules with Lennard-Jones potentials for the monomer-monomer interactions is presented. The approach is tailored to deal with angular degrees of freedom, rotors, and consists of the iterative solution of a set of deterministic equations with an annealing in temperature. The singular short-distance behavior of the Lennard-Jones pote
The escape process from the native valley for proteins subjected to a constant stretching force is examined using a model for a beta barrel. For a wide range of forces, the unfolding dynamics can be treated as one-dimensional diffusion, parametrized in terms of the end-to-end distance. In particular, the escape times can be evaluated as first passage times for a Brownian particle moving on the pro
Single-molecule pulling experiments on unstructured proteins linked to neurodegenerative diseases have measured rupture forces comparable to those for stable folded proteins. To investigate the structural mechanisms of this unexpected force resistance, we perform pulling simulations of the amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and α-synuclein (αS), starting from simulated conformational ensembles for the free mo
Recent experiments uncovered a mutational pathway between two proteins, along which a single mutation causes a switch in fold. Searching for such paths between real proteins remains, despite this achievement, a true challenge. Here, we analyze fold switching in the minimalistic hydrophobic/polar model on a square lattice. For this analysis, we generate a comprehensive sequence-structure database f
Many spatial patterns in biology arise through differentiation of selected cells within a tissue, which is regulated by a genetic network. This is specified by its structure, parameterisation and the noise on its components and reactions. The latter, in particular, is not well examined because it is rather difficult to trace. The authors use suitable local mathematical measures based on the Vorono
Popular Abstract in Swedish Modellering och simulering är etablerade tekniker för att lösa designproblem inom många olika ingenjörsdiscipliner idag. Dedicerade språk, såsom Modelica, och effektiva mjukvaror finns också tillgängliga. I denna avhandling presenteras en språklig utvidgning av Modelica, Optimica, som är avsedd för formulering av dynamiska optimeringsproblem. För att demonstrera användnModeling and simulation are established techniques for solving design problems in a wide range of engineering disciplines today. Dedicated computer languages, such as Modelica, and efficient software tools are available. In this thesis, an extension of Modelica, Optimica, targeted at dynamic optimization of Modelica models is proposed. In order to demonstrate the Optimica extension, supporting sof
Recent protein design experiments have demonstrated that proteins can migrate between folds through the accumulation of substitution mutations without visiting disordered or nonfunctional points in sequence space. To explore the biophysical mechanism underlying such transitions we use a three-letter continuous protein model with seven atoms per amino acid to provide realistic sequence-structure an
