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I Sverige finns ingen författningsreglerad minimilön eller möjlighet att göra kollektivavtal allmängiltiga. Istället är det arbetsmarknadens parter som tillsammans förhandlar fram kollektivavtalets innehåll om löner och andra anställningsvillkor. Den svenska arbetsrätten har en tradition av långtgående fackligt inflytande och avsaknad av statlig inblandning. Staten har uttryckt att författningsregIn Sweden, there is an absence of a minimum wage legislation. The terms and conditions for most workers is constituted in the collective agreement, made by the parties of the Swedish labour market. The government has expressed itself unable to legislate in the matter as it would mean a violation to the “Swedish labour model”, keeping its neutral policy intact. The collective agreement has a very s

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om Sverige har uppfyllt sina internationella åtaganden gällande efterlevnaden av principen om non-refoulement i svensk migrationsrätt. I generella termer innebär principen om non-refoulement ett verkställighetshinder mot avvisning och utvisning då personen i fråga riskerar att utsättas för tortyr och förföljelse i det mottagande landet. Denna princip kommeThe purpose of this thesis is to assess whether Sweden has fulfilled its obligation to implement the principle of non-refoulement in Swedish migration law. The principle of non-refoulement, in general terms, implies an impediment for execution that obliges a state not to permit removal of a person to a county where he or she is at risk of being subjected to torture or persecution. This principle i

The LHC Higgs data are showing a gradual inclination towards the standard model (SM) result, and realization of a SM-like limit becomes essential for beyond the SM scenarios to survive. Considering the accuracy that can be achieved in future colliders, models beyond the standard model that acquire the alignment limit with a SM-like Higgs boson can surpass others in the long run. Using a convenient

We investigate the possibility of detection of the VHE gamma-ray counterparts to the neutrino astrophysical sources within the Neutrino Target of Opportunity (NToO) program of CTA using the populations simulated by the FIRESONG software to resemble the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux measured by IceCube. We derive the detection probability for different zenith angles and geomagnetic field conf

An unexpected explanation for neutrino mass, Dark Matter (DM) and Dark Energy (DE) from genuine Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) of the Standard Model (SM) is proposed here, while the strong CP problem is resolved without any need to account for fundamental axions. We suggest that the neutrino sector can be in a double phase in the Universe: i) relativistic neutrinos, belonging to the SM; ii) non-rela

The NA62 experiment at CERN reports searches for K+→μ+N and K+→μ+νX decays, where N and X are massive invisible particles, using the 2016–2018 data set. The N particle is assumed to be a heavy neutral lepton, and the results are expressed as upper limits of O(10−8) of the neutrino mixing parameter |Uμ4|2 for N masses in the range 200–384 MeV/c2 and lifetime exceeding 50 ns. The X particle is consi

The NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS reports a study of a sample of 4 × 109 tagged π0 mesons from K+ → π+π0(γ), searching for the decay of the π0 to invisible particles. No signal is observed in excess of the expected background fluctuations. An upper limit of 4.4 × 10−9 is set on the branching ratio at 90% confidence level, improving on previous results by a factor of 60. This result can also be i

Over the past years, the LHC experiments have reported experimental evidence for processes associated to photon-photon and photon-hadron interactions, showing their potential to investigate the production of low- and high-mass systems in exclusive events. In the particular case of the photoproduction of vector mesons, the experimental study of this final state is expected to shed light on the desc

A phenomenological study of the isolated photon production in high energy pp and pA collisions at RHIC and LHC energies is performed. Using the color dipole formalism, we investigate the impact of the saturation effects on the production cross sections considering three different phenomenological models for the universal dipole cross section. Predictions for the rapidity dependence of the ratio of

Parton showers are crucial components of high-energy physics calculations. Improving their modelling of QCD is an active research area since shower approximations are stumbling blocks for precision event generators. Naively, the interference between subdominant Standard-Model interactions and QCD can be of similar size to subleading QCD corrections. This article assesses the impact of QCD/QED inte

In the Next-to-Minimal SuperSymmetric Model (NMSSM) the lightest CP-odd Higgs bosons (a(1)) can be very light. As a consequence, in addition to the standard charged Higgs boson (h(+/-)) decays considered in the MSSM for a light charged Higgs (m(h +/-) < m(t)), the branching fraction for h(+/-) -> a(1)W can be dominant. We investigate how this signal can be searched for in t<(t)over bar> production

We complete here our work on isospin violation in the K -> 3 pi system. We first calculate K -> 2 pi to the same order as we did K -> 3 pi in papers I and II of this series. This adds the effects of order G(27)p(2)(m(u) - m(d)) and G(27)p(2)e(2) to earlier work. We calculate also the lowest order bremsstrahlung contributions, K -> 2 pi gamma, 3 pi gamma. With these and our earlier results we perfo

We suggest the modified matching procedure for TMD PDF to the integrated PDF aimed to increase the amount of perturbative information in the TMD PDF expression. The procedure consists in the selection and usage of the non-minimal operator basis, which restricts the expansion to desired general behavior. The implication of OPE allows to systematic account of the higher order corrections. In the cas

Using a numerical fitting scheme we construct the exact Density-Functional (DF) effective potential, corresponding wave-functions and orbital eigenvalues from an accurate correlated reference density for the neon atom. Our results compare well with those obtained later using a number of different methods, thus demonstrating the utility of the original and relatively simple fitting scheme. The exac

Small-x evolution in QCD is conveniently described by Mueller's dipole model which, however, does not include saturation effects in a way consistent with boost invariance. In this paper we first show that the recently studied zero and one dimensional toy models exhibiting saturation and explicit boost invariance can be interpreted in terms positive definite k-> k+1 dipole vertices. Such k-> k+1 ve

We discuss the Melosh spin rotation effects in diffractive photo- and electroproduction of heavy quarkonia off a nucleon target in the dipole picture. The quarkonium light-front wave functions are obtained in the Schroedinger equation based formalism using the realistic interquark interaction potentials. A strong onset of spin rotation effects predicted in the case of J/ψ(1S) photoproduction enabl

We report lifetime measurements of the five levels in the 3d(4)(a(5)D)5s e(6)D term in Cr II at an energy around 83 000 cm(-1), and log(gf) values for 38 transitions from the investigated levels. The lifetimes are obtained using time-resolved, laser-induced fluorescence on ions from a laser-produced plasma. Since the levels have the same parity as the low-lying states directly populated in the pla

We propose a low-scale renormalizable trinification theory that successfully explains the flavor hierarchies and neutrino puzzle in the Standard Model (SM), as well as provides a dark matter candidate and also contains the necessary means for efficient leptogenesis. The proposed theory is based on the trinification SU(3)C×SU(3)L×SU(3)R gauge symmetry, which is supplemented with an additional flavo