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Black-box policy optimization is a class of reinforcement learning algorithms that explores and updates the policies at the parameter level. This class of algorithms is widely applied in robotics with movement primitives or non-differentiable policies. Furthermore, these approaches are particularly relevant where exploration at the action level could cause actuator damage or other safety issues. H

Over the past fifteen years, Rwanda has made significant progress in formalizing mining rights and the production processes of 3Ts minerals in its artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) sector. However, labour relations remain largely unregulated. This study analyses ASM activities through the production process observations, document reviews, and interviews with key informants involved in the sec

The user services assistant (USA) is a novel reactive QoS agent that provides facilities for managing user to user QoS in Internet environments. By being reactive, it overcomes the problems associated with QoS management schemes that have been proposed to date, such as the mapping of the QoS parameters to end system parameters, and pre-determining the optimum way of degrading/upgrading the QoS. Ho

Popular Abstract in Swedish Framgångsrik strålbehandling av cancerpatienter kräver att man kan bestämma den absorberade dosen i patienten med stor noggrannhet. Bara några enstaka procents avvikelse i absorberad dos kan ha betydelse för det kliniska resultatet avseende både tumörutläkning och normalvävnadsreaktioner. För att beräkna den absorberade dosen i patienten används sofistikerade datorprogThe accuracy of dose calculations for various aspects of a treatment planning system (TPS) using an energy fluence beam modelling has been evaluated. The investigated TPS uses a beam model, which separates the energy fluence into a number of sources in the treatment head. The energy fluence components are transported towards the patient and, together with the scatter generated in the patient, yiel

BMP receptors determine the intensity of BMP signals via Smad1 C-terminal phosphorylations. Here we show that a finely controlled cell biological pathway terminates this activity. The duration of the activated pSmad1Cter signal was regulated by sequential Smad1 linker region phosphorylations at conserved MAPK and GSK3 sites required for its polyubiquitinylation and transport to the centrosome. Pro

In the beam dynamics design and modelling of the Eu- ropean Spallation Source (ESS) Drift Tube Linac (DTL) simplified models have been used for the focusing and ac- celerating elements. Since the high current requires precise control of the beam to analyze the losses it is useful to per- form the beam dynamics simulations by using accurate field maps of the focusing and accelerating elements. In t

The accelerator of the European Spallation Source (ESS) will deliver 62.5 mA proton beam of 2.0 GeV onto the target, offering an unprecedented beam power of 5 MW. Since the technical design report (TDR) was published in 2013, work has continued to further optimise the accelerator design. We report on the advancements in lattice design optimisations after the TDR to improve performance and flexibil

A prerequisite for the design and evaluation of wireless systems is the understanding of propagation channels. While abundant propagation knowledge exists for bands below 6 GHz, the same is not true for millimeter-wave frequencies. In this paper, we present the design, implementation and measurement-based verification of a re-configurable 27.5-29.5 GHz channel sounder. Based on the switched array

Single-cell sequencing (sc-seq) provides a species agnostic tool to study cellular processes. However, these technologies are expensive and require sufficient cell quantities and biological replicates to avoid artifactual results. An option to address these problems is pooling cells from multiple individuals into one sc-seq library. In humans, genotype-based computational separation (i.e., demulti

Storm water quality was monitored at four sites in a middle-sized Swedish town. The objective was to compare storm water pollution in the first flush storm water runoff between sites with different traffic intensities within a town. Flow proportional storm water runoff samples were collected. The samples were analyzed for suspended solids, conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, oil index,

Sensor degradation poses a significant challenge in autonomous driving. During heavy rainfall, interference from raindrops can adversely affect the quality of LiDAR point clouds, resulting in, for instance, inaccurate point measurements. This, in turn, can potentially lead to safety concerns if autonomous driving systems are not weather-aware, i.e., if they are unable to discern such changes. In t

Regenerated silk fibroin (RSF), obtained from the silk fibers of the species Bombyx mori, is a promising biomaterial due to its excellent mechanical and biological properties, as well as presenting versatility for applications in tissue engineering. This is particularly evident through the development of scaffolds via the 3D printing process. The viscosity of RSF solutions can be controlled by add

This perspective article explores how sustainability transitions experience a geo-economization based on rising concerns about sovereignty. We argue that sovereignty has yet again become an active force structuring socio-technical trajectories. In this case, socio-technical systems tend to be reconfigured in ways that first and foremost ensure the continued provision of their core societal functio

This article studies local enactments of “smart” in and through visions of six smart district development projects. We show that smart cities’ framings of the future are inevitably diverse, emerging from local assemblages consisting of a wide array of heterogeneous elements that translate global imaginaries of the smart city to meet local specificities, needs and agendas. We demonstrate that visio