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Different radiological methods play an important role in the work-up of patients complaining of spine pain. Depending on the symptoms and the suspected underlying etiology different methods are selected. In the following presentation we briefly present the different radiological and magnetic resonance tomography methods that are at hand, give some guidance in which method to use, and present the t

The molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) method has been investigated with the aim of achieving a statistical precision of 1 kJ/mol for the results. We studied the binding of seven biotin analogues to avidin, taking advantage of the fact that the protein is a tetramer with four independent binding sites, which should give the same estimated binding affinities. We show that i

In this chapter, we first elaborate on the discussion of the nature of CKEs that has taken place in the previous chapters in the book. Secondly, we summarise the main lessons we have learnt about CKEs from the studies reported in this book. Thirdly, we identify and analyse what circumstances and conditions promote creativity in organisations and which ones hinder it. We also identify some of the m

Scientific and clinical communities produce ever increasing amounts of data and details about health and disease. Our ability to understand and utilize this information is limited because of imprecise language and lack of well-defined concepts. This problem involves also the principal concepts of health, disease, and pathogenicity. Here, a systematic model is presented for pathogenicity, as well a

This paper examines to what extent a government decision concerning a debated climate issue was a result of the efforts of a climate justice campaign. In 2017, a campaign organisation was launched under the name ‘Fossilgasfällan’, and two and a half years later the Swedish government essentially met their most important demand. I argue that this was very likely indeed a consequence of a sustained

The aim of the study is to examine how young women conceive their empowerment processes through access to ICTs, provided by the non-governmental organization IT for Children. The thesis is a qualitative case study of young women’s empowerment. Accordingly, a minor field study was conducted in the village Dixcove in the south of the western region of Ghana. Material was gathered through semi-struct

Värdena demokrati, rättsstaten och respekt för de mänskliga rättigheterna utgör grunden för EU. För att en stat ska få gå med i EU är det en förutsättning att den följer dessa värden. Är en stat däremot redan medlem i unionen är de legala möjligheterna för att genomdriva värdena färre. Syftet med denna uppsats är därför att undersöka vilka möjligheter som faktiskt existerar inom EU-rätten för att The values of democracy, human rights and rule of law are fundamental to the composition of the EU. Acting in accordance with these values is a prerequisite for joining the Union, but when States already are Members of the Union there are limited options for legal enforcement of the values. The aim of this thesis is however to investigate what possibilities in fact do exist within Union law to hol

In this paper we summarize the properties of nu (dyn) and discuss briefly how the results can be interpreted in terms of a simple pair-production model. The ideas are then illustrated in detail with a PYTHIA simulation study of forward-backward correlations in pp collisions.

The purpose of this paper is to find the critical success factors of becoming a successful Challenger Brand. This paper aims to analyse the strategies and factors that contribute to the success and failures of these challenger brands. The report examines the importance of market research, customer-centricity, timing, and differentiation as the foundational principles for Challenger Brands to enter