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We present deep Very Large Telescope and Hubble Space Telescope observations of the nearest examples of Ca-rich 'gap' transients - rapidly evolving transient events, with a luminosity intermediate between novae and supernovae. These sources are frequently found at large galactocentric offsets, and their progenitors remain mysterious. Our observations find no convincing underlying quiescent sources
The oxygen-atom transfer reaction catalyzed by the mononuclear molybdenum enzyme dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (DMSOR) has attracted considerable attention through both experimental and theoretical studies. We show here that this reaction is more sensitive to details of quantum mechanical calculations than what has previously been appreciated Basis sets of at least triple-zeta quality are needed to
Several factors contribute to mycophenolic acid (MPA) between-patient variability. Here we characterize the metabolic pathways of MPA and quantify the effect of combining genetic polymorphism of multidrug-resistant-associated protein-2, demographics, biochemical covariates, co-medication (cyclosporine (CsA) vs. macrolides), and renal function on MPA, 7-O-MPA-glucuronide (MPAG), and acyl-glucuronid
Cell abundances and distributions of Alexandrium catenella resting cysts in recent sediments were studied along time at two locations in the Chilean Inland Sea exposed to different oceanographic conditions: Low Bay, which is much more open to the ocean than the more interior and protected Ovalada Island. The bloom began in interior areas but maximum cyst concentrations were recorded in locations m
Each fall, eastern North American monarch butterflies in their northern range undergo a long-distance migration south to their overwintering grounds in Mexico. Migrants use a time-compensated sun compass to determine directionality during the migration. This compass system uses information extracted from sun-derived skylight cues that is compensated for time of day and ultimately transformed into
The standard setup for single-file diffusion is diffusing particles in one dimension which cannot overtake each other, where the dynamics of a tracer (tagged) particle is of main interest. In this article, we generalize this system and investigate first-passage properties of a tracer particle when flanked by identical crowder particles which may, besides diffuse, unbind (rebind) from (to) the one-
Holocene records of cellulose-inferred lake-water delta O-8 were produced from two lake-sediment sequences obtained in central and northern Kamchatka, Russian Far East. The sediment records share similar fluctuations in delta O-8 during the interval of ca. 5000-800 cal yr BP that correspond (inversely) with changes in K+ content of the GISP2 ice-core record from Greenland, a proxy for the relative
An ability to interact with plasminogen or plasmin could provide micro-organisms with a mechanism for invasion. Thus, group A, C and G streptococci secrete streptokinase which binds and activates plasminogen. Some streptococci also express surface structures which bind plasminogen without causing its activation. Plasminogen-binding surface proteins were extracted from one group C and one group G s
Background: Little is known regarding vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in African populations and in tuberculosis (TB) patients. VDD has been shown to be associated with TB. Objective: We aimed to compare the degree of vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) and VDD in TB patients and healthy adult controls in a West African population. Design: An unmatched case-control study was performed at a Demographic Survei
The Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola f. falcinellus is a little studied European wader species with unfavourable conservation status. We describe the migration of the Broad-billed Sandpiper at Ottenby, southeast Sweden, from 1950-2000 using data from ringing activities and field observations. Numbers of ringed and observed Broad-billed Sandpipers varied considerably between years. There was no tren
Purpose: Autonomous bladder activity can take the form of localized micromotions (MMs), suggesting that the detrusor may be arranged into component modules, of which each is capable of contracting autonomously. We examined MMs in isolated whole rat bladder and the effects of partial bladder outlet obstruction as a model of detrusor overactivity (DO) to ascertain whether altered modular activity co
The role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide in the regulation of vascular resistance (tonus) in cat skeletal muscle was studied with the use of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), a specific inhibitor of nitric oxide formation from L-arginine. The study was performed with a whole-organ technique which permits simultaneous, continuous and quantitative recordings of resistance reactions in the whole
A generic, fast, sensitive and new type of flow immunosensor has been developed. The basis is a monolithic porous poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate) polymer disc modified with protein G, placed in a fountain type flow cell compartment, in close proximity to a photomultiplier tube (PMT). Analyte and HRP labelled analyte derivative (tracer) compete for anti-analyte ant
Popular Abstract in Swedish Faktor H är den viktigaste cirkulerande hämmare av den alternativa komplementvägen. Den fungerar som co-faktor för faktor-I medierad C3b nedbrytning, hindrar bildning av C3bBb konvertas och främjar dess nedbrytning. Genom att skilja mellan kroppens egna och främmande celler kan faktor H inhibera komplementmedierad värdcellsskada. Mutationer i faktor H har hittats hos paFactor H is the main fluid phase regulator of the alternative pathway of complement. Factor H acts as a co-factor for factor I-mediated C3b degradation, inhibits the formation of the C3bBb convertase and accelerates its decay. By discriminating between host and foreign cells, factor H inhibits complement-mediated injury to host cells. Factor H mutations have been associated with atypical hemolytic
Aims: The mechanical properties of arteries play a major role in the regulation of blood pressure and cardiac performance. The effect of sympathetic stimulation on the mechanical properties of the proximal brachial artery was analysed in 18 healthy volunteers, nine young (25 +/- 2 years) and nine elderly (69 +/- 2 years). Methods: A non-invasive ultrasonic echo-tracking system for measurement of s
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kardiovaskulär sjukdom karaktäriseras av lipid accumulering och inflammation i artärerna. Sjukdomen startar tidigt med att monocyter vandrar ut i kärlväggen där de differentierar till makrofager, tar upp modifierade lipoproteiner och utvecklas till skumceller. En samtidig inflammation bidrar till att fler celler och mer lipider ansamlas och ett aterosklerotiskt plack bö
During the last decades a striking decline has been observed for wild bees throughout central and north-western Europe, including Sweden. in an area of 64 km' in the parish of Stenbrohult, southern Smaland Andrena hattorfiana, Andrena humilis, Nomada armata and Panurgus hanksianus were studied (in Sweden red-listed as VU, EN, EN and VU). We present occurrence patterns in relation to habitat types
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund När en kärlskada uppstår är det viktigt att blödningen snabbt kan stoppas. Detta åstadkomms genom att koagulationssystemet bildar en blodpropp vid skadestället. Von Willebrand faktorn (VWF) är ett stort protein som cirkulerar i blodet. Detta protein ingår, tillsammans med blodplättarna, i koagulationssystemets första fas. När ett kärl skadas binder VWF (som se
The gene responsible for X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) has been recently identified to code for a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase (Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase, BTK), required for normal B cell development. BTK, like many other cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, contains Src homology domains (SH2 and SH3), and catalytic kinase domain. SH3 domains are important for the targeting of signal
