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Aim: Assess effects on waist circumference from diet with or without cereal grains and with or without long-term physical exercise. Background: Elevated waist circumference is an indicator of increased abdominal fat storage and is accordingly associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. This is likely due to the association between lifestyle-induced changes in waist circumference and cardio

A novel pretreatment approach was developed in the present study to simultaneously reduce the content of inorganic troubling elements (TEs) and improve biomass energy density, i.e., combined leaching and steam explosion (SE) pretreatment with mechanical pressing. Three different high-ash-containing biomass feedstocks were studied – wheat straw (WS), spruce bark (SB), and empty fruit bunches of oil

RATIONALE: Preterm infants diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are thought to have fewer and larger alveoli than their term peers, but it is unclear to what degree this persists later in life.OBJECTIVES: To investigate to what degree the distal airspaces are enlarged in adolescents born preterm and to evaluate the new Airspace Dimension Assessment (AiDA) method in investigating this gr

Objective To estimate the prevalence of the curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis and Treponema pallidum, to identify associated risk factors and to assess ciprofloxacin resistance in N. gonorrhoeae-positive specimens among female sex workers (FSWs) in Guinea-Bissau. Methods For this cross-sectional

Wheat straw (WS) constitutes a considerable biomass resource and can be used to produce the energy carrier methane through anaerobic digestion. Due to the low contents of several nutrient elements and water in harvested WS, the use of sewage sludge (SS), consisting of primary sludge and waste-activated sludge, as a nutrient source in co-digestion with steam-pretreated wheat straw (PWS) was investi

Objectives: The enormous burden that cardiovascular diseases put on individuals and societies warrants reliable biomarkers of disease risk to optimize disease prevention. We studied longitudinal movement (LMov) in arterial walls using ultrasound of the common carotid artery (CCA). We believe that LMov could be a sensitive biomarker of cardiovascular health and in this study, we evaluate the intra-

Background: Two risk factors for severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely preterm infants are thrombocytopenia and low levels of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). To date, these risk factors have not been linked. Method: Infants born < 28 weeks gestational age (GA) from 2016 to 2019 were randomized to postnatal enteral AA/DHA supplementation or standard care (contro

Drought is a climate risk that affects access to safe water, crop development, ecological stability, and food production. Therefore, developing drought prediction methods can lead to better management of surface and groundwater resources. Similarly, machine learning can be used to find improved relationships between nonlinear variables in complex systems. Initially, the standardized precipitation

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of corticosteroids for treating acute vestibular neuritis, or acute unilateral vestibulopathy (AUVP), remains controversial.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate whether corticosteroids improve vestibular function and reduce symptoms in both acute and chronic phases of AUVP.METHODS: This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial included patients with AUVP (ages

Familial Platelet Disorder with associated Myeloid Malignancy (FPDMM, FPD/AML, RUNX1-FPD), caused by monoallelic deleterious germline RUNX1 variants, is characterized by bleeding diathesis and predisposition for hematologic malignancies, particularly myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Clinical data on FPDMM-associated AML (FPDMM-AML) are limited, complicating evidence

Background and Objectives: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is an umbrella term for pain and dysfunction involving jaw muscles and/or the temporomandibular joint, with whiplash trauma suggested to be one risk factor. The aim was to evaluate prevalence and relative risk of TMDs in the acute and chronic stages after whiplash trauma. Databases and Data Treatment: This review was registered in Prosp

Purpose: Myocardial infarctions (MIs) can occur in underlying obstructive coronary artery disease (MI-CAD) or in non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). The primary objectives of the study were to investigate the prevalence of MI-CAD and MINOCA in people with CAL, and to explore if CAL is an independent risk factor for MI-CAD and MINOCA. Secondary objectives were to explore these research ques

Acute dyspnoea is one of the most common presenting symptoms in the emergency department (ED) and has a variety of underlying causes. Calprotectin is a neutrophil activation marker associated with adverse outcomes in acute cardiovascular and infectious diseases. However, the usefulness of calprotectin in the risk stratification of patients with acute dyspnoea is unknown. The objectives were to, in

Background Although the role of smoking as a risk factor for emphysema in α1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is well known, never-smokers with severe AATD may also develop lung disease, ranging from mild asymptomatic disease to severe emphysema. Methods We performed a cross-sectional and observational study to analyse the characteristics of the population of never-smoker severe AATD (genotype) indiv

PURPOSE: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing in individuals aged < 50 years of age. This study aimed to examine whether high-frequency follow-up after CRC surgery reduces 5-year overall mortality, cancer-specific mortality and recurrence in patients with CRC aged ≤ 50 years. METHODS: The COLOFOL trial performed between 2006 and 2010 was used to analyse patients randomised to hig

Objective: To characterize patients with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) diagnosed before age 18 years within a nationwide Swedish Fontan cohort. Methods: Surgical records and medical charts were reviewed for all patients born after January 1, 1993, who underwent Fontan completion before January 1, 2021. Results: Among 573 reviewed patients, 28 (4.8%) developed PLE. The median time to onset of PL

BACKGROUND In patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), therapies that could further reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes are needed. METHODS In this international registry-based, randomized, double-blind trial, patients without prior diabetes or chronic heart failure, presenting with acute MI and impaired left ventricular systolic function, were randomly assigned

ObjectiveTo determine whether the genetic disorder severe α1-antitrypsin deficiency, which has a known association with increased risk for development of lung and liver diseases, is also associated with increased risk for development of gastrointestinal diseases.Patients and MethodsWe conducted a national, longitudinal, registry-based study of individuals with severe α1-antitrypsin deficiency (phe

Purpose: Reduced rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep has been linked to increased mortality in the general population. We investigated whether diminished REM sleep is associated with higher mortality in adults with coronary artery disease (CAD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: This secondary analysis of the RICCADSA trial included 356 revascularized CAD patients with OSA (apnea–hypopnea inde

Background: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and its virulence factor Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) have been linked to myocardial infarction (MI), but the mechanisms are unknown. This study aims to test if Hp infection and CagA are associated with pre-specified inflammatory and vascular biomarkers in patients with MI and to explore whether a broader biomarker panel can predict infection. Furthermore