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Liver fat can be non-invasively measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and fibrosis estimated as stiffness using transient elastography (FibroScan). There are no longitudinal data on changes in liver fat in Europids or on predictors of liver stiffness using these methods. We determined liver fat (1H-MRS) and clinical characteristics including features of insulin resistance at

Background: Combinations of multiple fatty acids may influence cardiometabolic risk more than single fatty acids. The association of a combination of fatty acids with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) has not been evaluated. Methods and findings: We measured plasma phospholipid fatty acids by gas chromatography in 27,296 adults, including 12,132 incident cases of T2D, over the follow-up period betwee

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To determine the benefits and harms associated with weight loss in overweight individuals with knee or hip osteoarthritis in terms of pain, physical function, quality of life, and safety. Further we will have an explicit focus on quality of the weight loss intervention (including magnitude and intensity) (Herbe

Aims: We applied near-infrared-spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure absolute frontal cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SctO2) during head-up tilt test (HUT) in patients investigated for unexplained syncope.Methods and results: Synchronized non-invasive beat-to-beat haemodynamic monitoring, ECG, SctO2 (NIRS; normal range: 60-80%), and peripheral oxygen saturation (left hand, SpO2) were applied during HU

Background--Family history of coronary heart disease (CHD) as well as genetic predisposition to CHD assessed by a genetic risk score (GRS) are predictors of CHD risk. It is, however, uncertain to what extent these risk predictors are mediated by major metabolic pathways. Methods and Results--Total effects of self-reported family history and a 50-variant GRS (GRS50), as well as effects mediated by

Disasters such as the storms that affected Sweden in 2005 and 2007 showed that citizens initially conducted a large part of the disaster response, such as clearing roads, giving psychosocial support to affected neighbours and repairing power lines in collaboration with power companies. As a result of these storms, an Emergent Citizen Group (ECG) was established in a village which continued to work

Atrial fibrillation is a highly prevalent arrhythmia and a major risk factor for stroke, heart failure and death(1). We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in individuals of European ancestry, including 6,707 with and 52,426 without atrial fibrillation. Six new atrial fibrillation susceptibility loci were identified and replicated in an additional sample of individuals of European anc

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have generated considerable interest in glucokinase regulatory protein (GKRP; gene name GCKR) which is an inhibitor of hepatic glucokinase (GCK), an enzyme that plays a critical role in glucose update and disposal in liver. From the initial discovery of GCKR variants associated with triglyceride and glucose levels through the identification of pleiotropic ass

Background: The contribution of kinesiophobia (fear of movement) to the pain experience among older adults has been poorly evaluated. The aim of this study was to study prevalence at baseline, development over a 12-month period and cognitive-affective variables of kinesiophobia in a population-based sample of older adults with chronic pain. Methods: The study included 433 older adults (+65 years)

Despite the potential cancer preventive effects of flavonoids and lignans, their ability to reduce pancreatic cancer risk has not been demonstrated in epidemiological studies. Our aim was to examine the association between dietary intakes of flavonoids and lignans and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. A total of 865 exocrine p

Scores of overall diet quality have received increasing attention in relation to disease aetiology; however, their value in risk prediction has been little examined. The objective was to assess and compare the association and predictive performance of 10 diet quality scores on 10-year risk of all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality in 451,256 healthy participants to the European Prospective Investigat

Background: Type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular disease complications are the major public health threats of our century. Although physical activity and dietary changes are the cornerstones in prevention of diabetes, their broad implementation is not elementary and other complementary lifestyle regimens are needed. Summary: Vasopressin (VP) is the main regulator of body water homeostasis, and a

Background: Circulating levels of TNF alpha receptor 1 (TNFR1) and 2 (TNFR2) are associated with increased long-term mortality and impaired kidney function. Aim: To study association between circulating levels of TNFR1 and TNFR2 and short-term mortality in patients with diabetes and dyspnea. Population and methods: Patients aged ≥ 18 years seeking at emergency department (ED) during daytime on wee

Background & Aims: The I148M variant in PNPLA3 is the major genetic risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The liver is enriched with polyunsaturated triglycerides (PUFA-TGs) in PNPLA3-I148M carriers. Gene expression data indicate that PNPLA3 is liver-specific in humans, but whether it functions in adipose tissue (AT) is unknown. We investigated whether PNPLA3-I148M modifie

Arterial stiffening is a hallmark of early vascular aging (EVA) syndrome and an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this case-control study we sought to identify plasma metabolites associated with EVA syndrome in the setting of hypertension. An untargeted metabolomic approach was used to identify plasma metabolites in an age-, BMI-, and sex-matched groups of EVA (n

Background: Gout is predicted by a number of comorbidities and lifestyle factors. We aimed to identify discrete phenotype clusters of these factors in a Swedish population-based health survey. In these clusters, we calculated and compared the incidence and relative risk of gout. Methods: Cluster analyses were performed to group variables with close proximity and to obtain homogenous clusters of in

Introduction: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction is due to osmotic stimulus of the airway epithelium and leads to a cascade of biomarker release from several inflammatory cells. Several type 2 (T2) mediators have been linked to exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, but the T2 response per se has not been described during exercise. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate T2 biomarkers

OBJECTIVE: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (i.e., increased intrahepatic triglyceride [IHTG] content), predisposes to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Adipose tissue lipolysis and hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) are the main pathways contributing to IHTG. We hypothesized that dietary macronutrient composition influences the pathways, mediators, and magnitude of weight gain-induced ch