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BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord blood gases are routinely used by midwives and obstetricians for quality assurance of birth management and in clinical research. They can form the basis for solving medicolegal issues in the identification of severe intrapartum hypoxia at birth. However, the scientific value of veno-arterial differences in cord blood pH, also known as ΔpH, is largely unknown. By traditio

OBJECTIVE: Orthostatic hypotension and resting heart rate (RHR) are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is unknown how these factors relate to subclinical CVD. We examined the relationship between orthostatic blood pressure (BP) response, RHR and cardiovascular risk factors, including coronary artery calcification score (CACS) and arterial stiffness, in the general population

Amyloid fibrils are associated with a number of different neurodegenerative diseases. Detailed knowledge of the fibril structure will be of importance in the search of therapy and may guide experiments to understand amyloid formation. In this paper we investigate the morphology of α-synuclein amyloid fibrils, associated with Parkinson’s disease, formed under different conditions. In particular, we

One of the core pathological features of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the loss of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway which lies at the heart of many of the motor features of this condition as well as some of the cognitive problems. The importance of this pathological event is evident through the clinical benefits that are seen when patients with PD are treated with dopaminergic agents, at least

Background: Diet may impact important risk factors for endometrial cancer such as obesity and inflammation. However, evidence on the role of specific dietary factors is limited. We investigated associations between dietary fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods: This analysis includes 1,886 incident endometrial ca

Objectives To study the value of combining individual- and neighborhood-level sociodemographic data to predict study participation and assess the effects of baseline selection on the distribution of metabolic risk factors and lifestyle factors in the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Methods We linked sociodemographic register data to SCAPIS participants (n = 30,154, ages: 50-64 yea

BACKGROUND One of the most challenging tasks of modern biology concerns the real-time tracking and quantification of mRNA expression in living cells. On this matter, a novel platform called SmartFlareTM has taken advantage of fluorophore-linked nanoconstructs for targeting RNA transcripts. Although fluorescence emission does not account for the spatial mRNA distribution, NanoFlare technology has g

Inspired by biology, great progress has been made in creating artificial molecular motors. However, the dream of harnessing proteins – the building blocks selected by nature – to design autonomous motors has so far remained elusive. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of the Lawnmower, an autonomous, protein-based artificial molecular motor comprised of a spherical hub decorated with

The dispersion scan (d-scan) technique is extended to measurement of the time-dependent polarization state of ultrashort laser pulses. In the simplest implementation for linearly polarized ultrashort pulses, the d-scan technique records the second harmonic generation spectrum as a function of a known spectral phase manipulation. By applying this method to two orthogonally polarized projections of

This talk addresses the recent developments of the multi-pass cell approach for post-compression to the few-cycle regime. At Lund University and DESY, our current setups employ hybrid multi-pass multi-plates schemes to reach the sub-10 fs regime and drive high repetition rate attosecond XUV pulse generation in a compact manner.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are tightly controlled to maintain a balance between blood cell production and self-renewal. While inflammation-related signaling is a critical regulator of HSC activity, the underlying mechanisms and the precise functions of specific factors under steady-state and stress conditions remain incompletely understood. We investigated the role of interferon regulatory fa

In medical research and within the field of Biology, it is important to find effective tools for probing and manipulating cells, as well as tools for detecting biomolecules. These tools should be sensitive, with high specitivity, and, if aimed at interacting with cells, they should be minimally invasive. In this thesis, I investigated the potential of various nanotools for these purposes. Specific

UNLABELLED: Studies investigating the immunogenicity of additional COVID-19 vaccine doses in immunosuppressed patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) are still limited. The objective was to explore the antibody response including response to omicron virus subvariants (sBA.1 and sBS.2) after third and fourth COVID-19 vaccine doses in Swedish IRD patients treated with immunomodulating dr

Polymorphisms in genes in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II region comprise the most important inherited risk factors for many autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD): both diseases are positively associated with the HLA- DR3 haplotype (DRB1*03:01-DQA1*05:01-DQB1*02:01). Studies of two different populations have recently documented that T1D susceptibili

Axially heterostructured nanowires (NWs) constitute a promising platform for advanced electronic and optoelectronic nanodevices. The presence of different materials in these NWs introduces a mismatch resulting in complex strain distributions susceptible of changing the band gap and carrier mobility. The growth of these NWs presents challenges related to the reservoir effect in the catalysts drople

Transition metal complexes play a crucial role in solar energy conversion. These coordination compounds have promising applications in dye-sensitized solar cells and photocatalysis, with particular interest in solar fuel production. However, many of the photoactive transition metal complexes used in light-harvesting applications are still based on rare and expensive metals from the transition meta

Targeted delivery of α-synuclein using AAV vectors has over the two decades since its introduction developed into a versatile tool for modeling different aspects of synucleinopathy, mimicking those seen in Parkinson's disease and related Lewy body disorders. The viral vector approach to disease modeling is attractive in that the expression of α-synuclein, wild-type or mutated, can be confined to d

IMPORTANCE Numerous prospective cohort studies have reported a J-shaped association of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events and mortality. OBJECTIVE To study the association between sodium intake and incident atrial fibrillation (AF). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study included participants in the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global End