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PD-L1 expression assessed by immunohistochemical staining is used for the selection of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Appropriate validation of PD-L1 expression in cytology specimens is important as cytology is often the only diagnostic material in NSCLC. In a previous study comprising two different cohorts of paired biopsies and cytological specimens, we found a fairly good
There is a class of oligodendrocyte progenitors, called O-2A progenitors, that is characterized by expression of platelet-derived growth factor &agr;-receptors (PDGFR(&agr;)). It is not known whether all oligodendrocytes are derived from these PDGFRalpha-progenitors or whether a subset(s) of oligodendrocytes develops from a different, PDGFR alpha-negative lineage(s). We investigated the re
Context: The previously reported absence of 65-kDa glutamate decarboxylase antibody (GAD65Ab)-specific antiidiotypic antibodies (anti-Id) in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients at clinical onset could be due to an inability to mount an antibody response to GAD65Ab or a longitudinal decline in anti-Id levels. Objective and Design: We investigated anti-Id levels in longitudinal samples obtained from T1D
Chronic immune stimulation such as Helicobacter pylori (hp) infection, Sjögren's syndrome or coeliac disease may initiate non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The opposite (appearance of autoimmunity) has also been reported. The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of these immune markers in patients with lymphoid malignancies. Sera from 96 patients with NHL (median age 72, range 38-88, F/M 41/55)
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) as a prime example of an innovative product within the field of civil engineering has over the recent years attracted attention of the construction industry and engineers around the world. As a natural composite with different orientation of layers in addition to anisotropic properties of wood, CLT can be a challenging material in predictive numerical modelling. This i
As retail is becoming increasingly digitised in its operation and consumer relationships, much faith is put into automation, prediction and insights drawn from consumer data to shape consumer experiences and expectations. Under the umbrella of data-collection and artificial intelligence (AI), this chapter studies the role of consumer trust in retail personalisation. We draw empirical insights from
INTRODUCTION: Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a significant improvement in the care of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients, but only a small portion of patients receive treatment. Our aim was to analyze EVT implementation in Sweden according to a set of key performance indicators (KPIs) for procedural and implementational effectiveness. METHODS: A nationwide prospective registry-based obs
Speaking in poor acoustic conditions constitutes a risk factor for voice disorders. This study investigated how speaker’s comfort and vocal effort were affected during short speech tasks in four different room acoustic configurations. Voice recordings of the speech tasks and self-evaluations of the speaker’s comfort were collected from 15 participants in four room acoustic configurations as part o
Background In several countries, whole-body imaging has been introduced in the routine follow-up of individuals with high-risk cutaneous malignant melanoma after surgery. However, there is scarce evidence that earlier detection of recurrent disease by regular scanning improves survival. In this interim analysis, we investigated whether imaging in the follow-up programme for high-risk cutaneous mal
Direct reprogramming of somatic cells into induced neurons (iNs) has become an attractive strategy for the generation of patient-specific neurons for disease modeling and regenerative neuroscience. To this end, adult human dermal fibroblasts (hDFs) present one of the most relevant cell sources. However, iNs generated from adult hDFs using two-dimensional cultures are difficult to maintain in vitro
S100A8 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases and multiple types of cancer. Therefore, targeting the S100A8 function may alleviate the pathogenic process in various diseases. Here, specific single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies targeting recombinant S100A8 (rS100A8) were selected by phage display technique and characterized using cDNA sequencing, immu
Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) infection and soluble egg antigens (SEA) can induce various immune responses, including the generation of IL-10-producing regulatory B cells (Bregs). This study investigated the dynamic changes and induction mechanisms of Bregs during S. japonicum infection. We demonstrated that CD19+IL-10+Bregs and CD19+Tim-1+ Bregs secreting IL-10 gradually increased from 6 t
Radiotherapy (RT) with concurrent chemotherapy is the standard of care for squamous-cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC), achieving favorable results in terms of local control and overall survival. However, locoregional failure remains common despite advances such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), which reduces toxicity but has limitations. Despite the benefits of IMRT, frequent and
BACKGROUNDAmyloid beta (Aβ) antibodies are the only therapies to slow cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet the sites where antibodies engage Aβ in the brain and mechanisms that lower Aβ are not fully understood. Defining Aβ antibody localizations in the brain is essential to understand how immunotherapy is beneficial for AD.METHODSN-terminal Aβ antibody 6E10 was injected via three di
Much of the hype about AI exploits the fact that human cognition, language, and categorization rely on imaginative scaffolding. Some degree of metaphor and conceptual borrowing should not be seen as a methodological failure. Law does not meet AI as a blank slate. It reaches for metaphors and other imaginative patterns that make the unfamiliar legible, channeling attention toward certain features a
There is a lack of clinical protocols for re-irradiation in paediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumours. To fill this void, the Swedish Workgroup of Paediatric Radiotherapy (SBRTG) compiled national guidelines on re-irradiation in paediatric CNS tumours (diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, ependymoma, germinoma and medulloblastoma). These have been in clinical practice since 2019 in all paediatr
