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Halvledarindustrin har en form av immaterialrätter avsedd särskilt för dem: Kretsmönsterrätter. Dessa introducerades i USA 1984 i syfte att skydda den amerikanska halvledarindustrin från konkurrens från östra Asien, huvudsakligen Japan. Den ersatte principen om nationell behandling med den materiella ömsesidighetsprincipen, som är normen inom immaterialrätt. Detta tillät USA att tvinga andra ländeThe semiconductor industry has a sui generis IP type dedicated to it: the semiconductor topography right. This right was introduced in 1984 with the purpose of protecting the U.S. semiconductor industry from East Asian, mainly Japanese, competition. It replaced the principle of treatment on a national basis that is the norm in IP law with one of material reciprocity, which allowed the U.S. to stro

Title: Navigating the New Normal - A Qualitative Study on the Evolving Role of Managers in the Transition to a Hybrid Work Model Seminar date: June 2nd 2023 Course: FEKH49, Degree Project Undergraduate level, Business Administration, Undergraduate level, 15 University Credits Points (UPC) or ECTS‐ cr) Authors: Adam Östbergh, Rasmus Jelonek, Vera Woelfer Advisor: Nadja Sörgärde Key words: Hybr

De bärande grundtankarna för det svenska processrättsliga förfarandet är att förhandlingen i domstol utgår från principerna om omedelbarhet, muntlighet och koncentration. Av det följer att ett mål som huvudregel ska avgöras vid en muntlig och koncentrerad förhandling och där rätten enbart på det som förekommit vid förhandlingen får grunda sin dom. Tillkomsten av principerna sträcker sig så långt bThe fundamental ideas underlying the Swedish procedural law procedure are that the hearing in court is based on the principles of immediacy, orality and concentration. It follows that a case must, as a general rule, be decided at an oral and concentrated hearing and that the court may base its judgment solely on what has occurred at the hearing. The origins of these principles go back as far as th

The availability of a “male network” of family members and/or friends may be decisive for the outcome of a woman’s asylum application. As it is recognised under the jurisprudence of ECtHR and Swedish asylum adjudicators that women, who originates from countries where societal structures maintain women’s reliance on men, are particularly vulnerable. The Migration Agency, the Swedish decision-making

Denna uppsats har sökt fastställa gällande rätt i frågan om när en angripen person som tidigast kan luta sig på nödvärn i sina försvarsåtgärder. Både Sveriges och Norges rättsliga lösningar på problemet har behandlats. Metoderna som har använts har varit rättsdogmatisk metod och komparativ metod. Enligt svensk rätt tillfaller nödvärnsrätt den som befinner sig under ett ”överhängande brottsligt anThe subject of this essay has been to determine the content of established law, concerning at what time an attacked person is entitled to self-defence at the earliest. Both Sweden and Norway’s legal solutions have been studied, using a legal dogmatic method, and a comparative legal method. The right to self-defence is, according to Swedish law, ensured to a person subject to an ”imminent criminal

Sweden’s substantial building stock from the million programs is in need of renovations. These residential buildings were built without major attention to energy demand or architectural aesthetics. Until now, property owners have hesitated to carry out energy renovations due to the investment cost. The aim of this master thesis was to propose an energy-efficient renovation procedure whilst takin

In 2010 there will be a political resolution to ensure that the Swedish society is accessible to all citizens including people with disabilities. For this purpose a national action plan for disability policy "From patient to citizen" (Govt. Bill 1999/2000:79) has been set out with the aim of ensuring that the disability perspective will permeate every sector of society and that the appro

Den svenska asylprocessen förändrades i grunden när överprövningen förflyttades från en domstolsliknande nämnd (utlänningsnämnden) till en renodlad domstolsprocess (migrationsdomstolen). Ett övergripande syfte för reformen var att stärka rättssäkerheten. I den nya migrationsdomstolen ingår nämndemän i den ordinarie sammansättningen. Nämndemannainstitutet har en lång förankring i svensk rättstraditThe Swedish asylum process changed fundamentally in 2005 when trials were transferred from an administrative process (utlänningsnämnden) to a court process (migrationsdomstolen). The general aim of the reform was to strengthen the rule of law in the asylum process. The new immigration courts are composed of lay judges. Lay judges are rooted in the Swedish tradition but they are common in other cou

Abstract Aid-tying is considered costly and ineffective to recipient countries and it is estimated that costs increases by as much as 30 per cent due to its practice. The Paris Declaration on enhanced aid effectiveness suggested an end to tied aid. The purpose of this paper is to give a review of the development of aid-tying in the European countries in the last thirty years. It will also look at

Andrahandsuthyrning har under en längre tid funnits på bostadsmarknaden och varit en vanligt förekommande form av uthyrning. Utöver den klassiska andrahandsuthyrningen finns en annan form av uthyrning på bostadsmarknaden, uthyrning i form av blockuthyrning. Blockuthyrning som uthyrningsform har funnits på bostadsmarknaden under en tid men är trots detta en förhållandevis okänd företeelse för gemenSubletting has existed in the housing market for a long time and is a common form of rental. In addition to the common form of subletting, another form of rental is the blockrental agreement. This form of rental, has been used in the housing market for a while but is still relatively unknown to the general public. A blockrental agreement is an agreement involving at least three apartments under

Access to financing for women entrepreneurs plays a fundamental role in the creation and development of their startups. Our study found that women founders, specifically within tech startups, face barriers and challenges when searching for and navigating different types of financing options. There is a gap in the literature regarding gender disparities in entrepreneurial finance and limitations of

Idiopatisk normaltryckshydrocephalus (iNPH) är en neurologisk sjukdom som påverkar hjärnans vätskecirkulation och kan leda till symtom som gång- och balanssvårigheter, kognitiv nedsättning och urininkontinens. Sjukdomen drabbar omkring 1.5 % av 70-åringar, och prevalensen ökar med åldern. Det är en svårdiagnostiserad sjukdom där hjärnvätska (CSF) ansamlas i hjärnans hålrum, vilket påverkar hjärnanIntroduction: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a treatable but largely underdiagnosed neurological condition affecting the elderly population. It is characterised by gait and cognitive impairment, as well as urinary incontinence. For the most part, it is diagnosed via imaging and clinical assessments. Abnormalities in cerebrospinal (CSF) flow in the cerebral aqueduct have been li

Den svenska familjerättsliga regleringen har sedan länge präglats av strävan att söka tillgodose barnets intresse i relation till föräldrarna. Ett tydligt uttryck för denna strävan finner man i föräldrabalkens 6 kap. 2 a § där det stadgas att barnets bästa ska vara avgörande för alla beslut om vårdnad, boende och umgänge. En ytterligare strävan i den familjerättsliga regleringen har varit att sökaSwedish family law has long been governed by the aspiration to accommodate the interests of the child, rather than that of the parents. A distinct expression of this aspiration can be found in a provision of the Swedish Children and Parents code, 6 chapter § 2 a. In this provision it is stated that the best interests of the child shall be the determining factor in all decisions regarding custody,

The aim of this master’s thesis is to examine how the Swedish model for production and distribution of talking books to the print disabled can be designed in the future, on the basis of the self-expressed needs of the users. Three questions were formulated in order to achieve this aim: 1. What needs do the users, according to themselves, have in relation to talking books to achieve equal means of

The purpose of this thesis is to examine nanowires made up of compound III-V-semiconductors which can be applied as photovoltaic devices. Two types of experiments are done approaching from two different starting points: Firstly, studies of several III-V-semiconductor wafer surfaces used as a reference for studies of nanowire surfaces and secondly, direct contacting of standing nanowires in order t

The purpose of this study is to examine the optimal hedge ratio for the currency exposure of foreign investments. The optimal hedge ratio is determined after evaluating our portfolios from the three perspectives; ex-ante, ex-post and profit/loss. The ex-ante perspective is examined by the usage of historical simulation to calculate VaR on 11 portfolio pairs. Each pair consists of a portfolio with

This Study has been carried out in co-operation with SJ AB, Banverket, Västtrafik and the department for Production Management and Economics at the Faculty of Engineering of the Lund University, LTH. The Study has been based on a requirement specification from SJ AB, (the major railway traffic operator in Sweden). The objective of the study is to: · clarify the importance of methodically working w

Cancer kan drabba vem som helst och kan ha sitt ursprung i många olika områden i kroppen. Antalet nya cancerfall ökar varje år, men vissa typer av cancer har bättre prognos än andra. Den vanligaste cancertypen i Sverige är prostatacancer och den drabbar framför allt äldre män. Prostatacancer har god prognos och det finns effektiva metoder att helt bota prostat- acancer om den behandlas i ett tidigPurpose: Recent developments in external radiotherapy and its utilization with artificial in- telligence (AI) enables advanced treatment plans for a range of different disease sites. By adapting to the anatomy of the day, target coverage can be ensured while sparing more healthy tissue. The purpose of this project was to study the feasibility and benefits of daily cone beam computed tomography (CB

Det är, med tanke på mängden avtal som sluts varje dag, omöjligt att förhandla om villkoren i varje enskilt fall. Istället används standardiserade avtal i allt högre utsträckning. Standardavtalen är ofta ensidigt upprättade av den starkare avtalsparten. Det finns en risk för att villkoren är väldigt förmånliga för den parten. Domstolarna använder dold och öppen avtalskontroll för att motverka sådaThe large amount of agreements in today’s business world makes it impossible to negotiate the terms in every individual case. Instead, the use of standard agreements is increasing. The terms are often dictated by the strongest party. There is a risk that the standard agreements are unilaterally advantageous to that party. Such contracts are counteracted mainly in two ways: open and concealed judic

The HIE-ISOLDE post accelerator at CERN has recently come online, en- abling the use of radioactive ion beams with energies of up to 10 MeV/u. An active target gaseous detector is under development for use in some of the experiments. The first investigation of the electron amplification stage with gas electron multipliers has been performed. To this end, a small prototype GEM detector was built an