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RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To improve the measurement of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), we determined the extrarenal plasma clearance of the GFR markers iohexol, chromium-51-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (51Cr-EDTA), and inulin using 11 anephric pigs. METHODS: After an intravenous (i.v.) bolus injection of the markers, the decay curves of their plasma concentrations were monitored for 29 h

A series of field studies at cold workplaces were initiated. This paper deals with the study at a telecommunication company and the main attention is paid to the thermal responses of the feet and footwear performance. The study was carried out in February. Eight male workers were the subjects. They were selected among volunteers who carried out various jobs on high masts on four different days. Th

Study Design. The study is an observational cohort study. Objectives. To determine the incidence and the long-term outcome of thoracic or lumbar vertebral fractures in children. Summary of Background Data. The incidence of vertebral fractures in children is described as rare and the outcome as favorable. However, no studies evaluate the clinical and radiographic long-term outcome and if a fracture

Background and Objectives. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive disease. Patients with this malignancy have a median survival of 3 years. To better understand disease progression, which is characterized by increased proliferation, we analyzed the gene expression of MCL with different proliferative indices, as determined by immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67. Furthermore, primary and rel

Background: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of low-dose budesonide/formoterol, 80 mug/4.5 mug, bid in a single inhaler (Symbicort Turbuhaler; AstraZeneca; Lund, Sweden) compared with an increased dose of budesonide, 200 mug bid, in adult patients with mild-to-moderate asthma not fully controlled on low doses of inhaled corticosteroid alone. Methods: All patients received budesonide, 100 jig b

Background: Reduced quadriceps strength is an early finding in subjects with knee osteoarthritis, but it is not clear whether it is a cause or a consequence of knee osteoarthritis. Objective: To determine whether reduced functional performance in the lower extremity predicts the incidence or progression of radiographic knee osteoarthritis. Design: Prospective, epidemiological, population based c

We have studied the dynamics of water molecules in six crystal structures of four human cytochromes P450, 2A6, 2C8, 2C9, and 3A4, with molecular dynamics simulations. In the crystal structures, only a few water molecules are seen and the reported sizes of the active-site cavity vary a lot. In the simulations, the cavities are completely filled with water molecules, although with similar to 20% low

BACKGROUND: Reduced forced expiratory volume (FEV(1)) and forced vital capacity (FVC) are risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. However, the relationship with incidence of heart failure (HF) is incompletely known. This population-based study explored whether reduced FEV(1) or FVC is associated with the incidence of hospitalisation for HF. METHODS: 20 998 men (mean age 43 years) w

Objective. To evaluate the effects on neonatal morbidity of a regional change in induction policy for post-term pregnancy from 43(+0) to 42(+0) gestational weeks (GWs). Design and setting. Nationwide retrospective register study between 2000 and 2007. Population. All singleton pregnancies with a gestational age of >41(+2) GW (n= 119,198). Methods. All Swedish counties were divided into three group

Objective: Recent study showed high chemokine CXC ligand 5 (CXCL5) is thought to be associated with insulin resistance in humans. However, evidence from large-scale populations about the relationship between serum CXCL5 level and metabolic phenotypes is scarce. Here we sought to evaluate serum CXCL5 distribution and its association with metabolic phenotypes among middle-aged and older Chinese. Res

BACKGROUND: We still lack comparing data of the plasma volume (PV)-expanding effect of the most commonly used colloids including dextran 70. This study compares the PV-expanding effects of 6% dextran 70, 5% albumin, and 6% hydroxyethylstarch (HES) 130/0.4 after a standardized hemorrhage. METHODS: The prospective and randomized study on 33 anesthetized adult male guinea pigs involved three groups (

The aim was to study dentists' judgement on the removal of and on the development of pathology associated with asymptomatic mandibular third molars. Thirty general dental practitioners (GDPs) and 10 oral surgeons were asked to judge 36 molars with equal distribution of three cues: patient's age, angular position and degree of impaction of the molar. Rating on a VAS was found to be an appropriate m

Helicobacter pylori can transform, in vivo as well as in vitro, from dividing spiral-shaped forms into nonculturable coccoids, with intermediate forms called U forms. The importance of nonculturable coccoid forms of H. pylori in disease transmission and antibiotic treatment failures is unclear. Metabolic activities of actively growing as well as nonculturable H. pylori were investigated by compari

Objective: To develop a short measure of physical function for knee osteoarthritis (OA) using multi-national data from. individuals with varying degrees of severity of knee OA. Methods: Rasch analysis, based on the partial credit model, was conducted on Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and Western Ontario McMaster Universities' Osteoarthritis Index data from individuals with knee OA, r

BACKGROUND: Newborn infants undergoing intensive care are at risk of bleeding and thrombotic complications. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is used in hope of preventing these complications, despite poorly defined effects on the coagulation system and lack of proven clinical efficacy. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: We prospectively evaluated coagulopathy and the effect of standardized amount of FFP transfusion

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate histologically proved endometritis as a clinical syndrome that is distinct from laparoscopically confirmed salpingitis. STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study of 152 women in an urban hospital with a suspected pelvic inflammatory disease. All women provided a standardized medical history and underwent physical examination, endometrial bi

Effective treatment of haemophilic arthropathy requires a detailed evaluation of joint integrity. Methodological assessment of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scores are needed to assure reproducibility of measurements when comparing results of clinical trials conducted in different centres. We compared the reliability of two MRI scoring systems for assessment of haemophilic arthropathy: one prog

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of early, nasogastric enteral nutrition (EN) with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Summary Background Data: In SAP, the magnitude of the inflammatory response as well as increased intestinal permeability correlates with outcome. Enteral feeding has been suggested superior to parenteral feeding

The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and comorbidity of persisting attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adult psychiatric outpatients. Consecutive patients, first visits excluded, at a general psychiatric outpatient clinic were offered a screening for childhood ADHD with the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS). One hundred and forty-one patients out of 398 (35%) com

Development of artificial neural network (ANN) models using real plant data for the prediction of fresh steam properties from a brown coal-fired boiler of a Slovenian power plant is reported. Input parameters for this prediction were selected from a large number of available parameters. Initial selection was made on a basis of expert knowledge and previous experience. However, the final set of inp