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OBJECTIVE: To estimate the benefits and harms of interventions with and without surgery for musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions. DESIGN: Intervention systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). LITERATURE SEARCH: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and CENTRAL, all up to January 7, 2021. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: RCTs (English, German, Danish, Swedish, and Norweg

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gases has been studied for almost 40 years under many different conditions, varying the laser wavelength, intensity, focusing geometry, target design, gas species, etc. However, no systematic investigation of the effect of the pulse duration has been performed despite its expected impact on phase-matching of the high-order harmonics. Here, we develop a compa

BackgroundAntibiotics are handled in large amounts at hospitals at many different wards due to the wide range of bacterial infections that are treated. Unnecessary use and occupational exposure to antibiotics should be avoided due to the risk of bacterial resistance development and adverse health effects including skin and respiratory hypersensitivity reactions in persons handling these drugs.Obje

OBJECTIVES: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the benefits and harms of immunosuppressants with or without corticosteroids compared to corticosteroid monotherapy for the treatment of IgG4-related disease in people 18 years or older.

Coherent extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation can be generated in a tabletop configuration via high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gases. While HHG is inherently inefficient, increasing the conversion efficiency (CE) is crucial for many applications, such as coincidence spectroscopy [1] and coherent imaging [2], which require high XUV throughput. Previous calculations suggest that one way to im

Intense ultrashort-pulsed laser systems based on Ti:sapphire chirped pulse amplifiers (CPA) operating at 800 nm have been a workhorse of ultrafast science for several decades. More recently, driven by the progress in laser technology, sources with central wavelengths further in the infrared have emerged as powerful tools, in particular to generate soft X-ray (SXR) radiation via high-harmonic gener

Leucine-rich repeat containing 15 (LRRC15) has emerged as an attractive biomarker and target for cancer therapy. Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) induces the expression of this plasma membrane protein specifically in aggressive and treatment resistant tumor cells derived from mesenchymal stem cells, with minimal expression observed in non-neoplastic tissues. We have developed a humanized monocl

INTRODUCTION: Maternal blood pressure (BP) is crucial for the health of both mother and fetus, with long-term implications for the child's health. Studies exploring the link between perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy often yield inconsistent results, frequently focusing on a single BP measurement rather than longitudinal measurements. This study chara

Empiric combination antibiotic therapy (ECAT) is commonly used to treat healthcare-associated bloodstream infections (HA-BSIs) and sepsis. However, the level of supporting evidence is low and clinical practice varies significantly. We conducted a post hoc analysis using the EUROBACT-2 international cohort study database, which contained data on 2406 adult patients from 328 intensive care units (IC

Each spring, billions of Bogong moths escape hot conditions across southeast Australia by migrating up to 1,000 km to a place that they have never previously visited—a limited number of cool caves in the Australian Alps, historically used for aestivating over summer1,2. At the beginning of autumn, the same individuals make a return migration to their breeding grounds to reproduce and die. Here we

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogeneous childhood cancer, characterized by the amplification of the MYCN oncogene in 40% of the high-risk cases. Our previous work demonstrated that MYCN drives metabolic reprogramming in NB, including upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. Here, we identify peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) as a promising therapeutic target in NB. Pharmacological inhibition of PRDX6 reduces MYCN

We simulate hadrons impinging on a homogeneous lead tungstate ((Formula presented.)) calorimeter using GEANT4 software to investigate how the resulting light yield and its temporal structure, as detected by an array of light-sensitive sensors, can be processed by a neuromorphic computing system. Our model encodes temporal photon distributions as spike trains and employs a fully connected spiking n

Background & aims: Alcohol consumption has been inversely associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but its influence on autoimmune diabetes is unclear. We investigated the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and T2D in relation to alcohol intake and assessed if potential associations were modified by genetic susceptibility to diabetes. Methods: We used data from a case–control st

Background: Endocrine science remains underrepresented in European Union research programmes despite the fundamental role of hormone health in human wellbeing. Analysis of the CORDIS database reveals a persistent gap between the societal impact of endocrine disorders and their research prioritisation. At national funding level, endocrine societies report limited or little attention of national res

The appreciation that cell interactions in tissues is dependent on their three dimensional (3D) distribution has stimulated the development of 3D cell culture models. We constructed an artificial 3D tumour by culturing human breast cancer JIMT-1 cells and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) in a 3D network of electrospun polycaprolactone fibres. Here, we investigate ECM components produced by the cell

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between osteoarthritis (OA) and risk of hospitalization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (HACSCs).METHODS: We included all individuals aged 40-85 years who resided in Skåne, Sweden on 31st December 2005 with at least one healthcare consultation during 1998-2005 (n = 515 256). We identified those with a main diagnosis of OA between January 1, 1998 and

Objective: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with meniscal degeneration that may involve disorganization of the meniscal collagen fiber network. Our aims were to quantitatively analyze the microstructural organization of human meniscus samples in 3D using micro-computed tomography (μCT), and to compare the local microstructural organization between OA and donor samples. Method: We collected p

As the number of rapes is increasing in Sweden, and the number of individuals convicted of these crimes is decreasing, it is of importance to study offender characteristics of those committing these crimes and the circumstances in which these crimes are conducted, such as indoors or outdoors. Data from Swedish population-based registers were used to identify individuals suspected of rape, aggravat