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Den här avhandlingen presenterar nya metoder och tekniker som utvecklats för att undersöka nanotrådars (NT) och NT-enheters egenskaper, och de resultat som erhållits med dessa. Växt och karakterisering av NT har blivit en stor forskningsområde då NT har visat sig förbättra egenskaperna hos många tillämpningar inom halvledarteknologin, såsom transistorer, solceller och lysdioder. Strukturell sammanThis dissertation presents the new methods and techniques developed to investigate the properties of nanowires (NWs) and NW devices and the results obtained using these methods. The growth and characterization of NWs have become a large research field because NWs have been shown to improve the properties of many semiconductor applications such as transistors, solar cells, and light emitting diodes

Rapid and powerful host defense mechanisms are essential in order to overcome harmful actions of pathogenic bacteria. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and proteins are vital effector molecules of the fast-acting innate immune system and exist virtually in all living organisms. They exert a broad spectrum of natural antibiotic activity, but also play important immunomodulatory functions in the host. D

A method of removing radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from blood using a device external to the body, termed extracorporeal affinity-adsorption (EAA), is being evaluated as a means of decreasing irradiation of noncancerous tissues in therapy protocols. The EAA device uses an avidin column to capture biotinylated-radiolabeled mAbs from circulated blood. In this investigation, three trifunc

Avian ecosystem services such as the suppression of pests are considered to be of high ecological and economic importance in a range of ecosystems, especially in tropical agroforestry. However, how bird predation success is related to the diversity and composition of the bird community, as well as local and landscape factors, is poorly understood. We quantified arthropod predation in relation to t

Robust and efficient numerical methods are an essential prerequisite for the computer based dynamical analysis of engineering systems. In vehicle system dynamics, the methods and software tools from multibody system dynamics provide the integration platform for the analysis, simulation and optimization of the complex dynamical behaviour of vehicles and vehicle components and their interaction with h

The detailed structural and mechanical properties of a tetraoleoyl cardiolipin (TOCL) bilayer were determined using neutron spin echo (NSE) spectroscopy, small angle neutron and X-ray scattering (SANS and SAXS, respectively), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We used MD simulations to develop a scattering density profile (SDP) model, which was then utilized to jointly refine SANS and SAXS d

The management of primary gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) has evolved with the introduction of adjuvant therapy. Recently reported results of the SSG XVIII/AIO trial by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group (SSG) and the German Working Group on Medical Oncology (AIO) represent a significant change in the evidence for adjuvant therapy duration. The objectives of this European Expert Panel meeting

Context: A summary of the 2nd International Consultation on Bladder Cancer recommendations on the reconstructive options after radical cystectomy (RC), their outcomes, and their complications. Objective: To review the literature regarding indications, surgical details, postoperative care, complications, functional outcomes, as well as quality-of-life measures of patients with different forms of ur

Popular Abstract in Swedish Tillgången på energi har varit av stor betydelse för utvecklingen av det det moderna industrisamhället. Samtidigt skapar energianvändningen ett flertal miljöproblem med lokal, regional och global utbredning. Syftet med denna avhandling är att studera olika strategier för att minska miljöpåverkan från det svenska energisystemet och bedöma strategiernas tekniska och ekonoEnergy use accounts for the dominating fraction of total sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxide (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. In this thesis, different strategies for reducing these emissions are evaluated, using a bottom-up approach. The thesis is divided in two parts. Part I (two articles) deals with how energy efficiency improvements and the increas

Popular Abstract in Swedish Infektionssjukdomar är lika vanliga hos fiskar som hos alla andra djur. Dessa infektioner kan orsakas av virus, bakterier samt eukaryota organismer som svamp och protozoer. I naturliga fiskpopulationer utgör detta ett litet problem men får stora ekonomiska konsekvenser i fiskodlingar eftersom ett stort antal fiskar kan infekteras på kort tid och i värsta fall dö, ca 10 Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is a Birnavirus that infects salmonid fish. The infection is usually mortal for fish under six months of age, while older fish become carriers, usually without any signs of infection, and will spread the virus to other susceptible fish and to their offspring. IPNV is an icosahedral, naked virion and the genome consists of two segments of double-stranded

ABSTRACT: We plan to conduct a case-control study to investigate whether exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) increases the risk of stroke. In case-control studies, selective participation can lead to bias and loss of efficiency. A two-phase design can reduce bias and improve efficiency by combining information on the non-participating subjects with information from the participating subjects. In ou

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling undersöker dagvatten som en resurs i svensk urban miljö. Fokus har varit öppna dagvattensystem för flödeskontroll och uppsamlingssystem för regnvatten. För att analysera realiserandet av öppna dagvattensystem, presenteras två fallstudier; Augustenborg i Malmö och Bäckaslöv våtmark i Växjö. De kvarhållande och fördröjande effekterna som uppnås med gröna This thesis investigates the beneficial use of stormwater in Swedish urban environments. The focus has been on open stormwater systems for source control, as well as rainwater collection systems. To analyse the implementation of open stormwater systems, two case studies are presented: Augustenborg in Malmö and Bäckaslöv wetland in Växjö. The retention and detention effects of green-roofs have been

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of cardiac arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice, accounting. Recent findings highlight the need for better characterisation of the arrhythmia in each patient, in order to improve patient treatment. The main objective of this work was to characterise atrial electrophysiology with respect to AF by means of non-invasively obtained data. Spectra

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen har ambitionen att på empirisk grund öka vår förståelse av lässvårigheter bland skolbarn. En allmän uppfattning bland läsforskare är att svaga läsare har svårigheter med snabb, säker och automatisk ordavkodning. Avhandlingen inkluderar ett antal studier som jämför svaga och goda läsare med avseende på olika aspekter av visuell ordavkodning. Drygt 100 svaga The primary ambition of this doctoral thesis is to provide an empirical basis for a better understanding of reading disability among school children. The current consensus in the research community is that most disabled readers fail in the acquisition of fast, accurate and automatic word recognition. The thesis includes a number of studies where normal and disabled readers are compared on various

Intrastriatal grafts of embryonic mesencephalic tissue can survive in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease, but the degree of symptomatic relief is highly variable and some cases develop troublesome dyskinesias. Here we explored, using clinical assessment and F-18-dopa and C-11-raclopride PET, factors which may influence the functional outcome after transplantation. We observed increase

Popular Abstract in SwedishVad är åldrande? När började man över huvud taget tala om ”åldrande”? När fick ordet ”pensionär” den betydelse vi är vana vid idag? I Åldrandet och språket studeras ord och uttryck för att ringa in vad man har menat med hög ålder och åldrande i Sverige under hundraårsperioden mellan 1875 och 1975. Frågor kring hög ålder och åldrande har stor aktualitet idag. I Sverige oc

Several approaches to the use of health claims on foods have been made around the world, and the common theme is that any health claim will require scientific validation and substantiation. There is also broad consensus that any regulatory framework should protect the consumer, promote fair trade and encourage innovation in the food industry. This paper is based on a critical evaluation of existin

Popular Abstract in Swedish Dagens industriella system är inte långsiktigt hållbara. För detta behövs bland annat fundamentala förändringar av hur samhällets resurser används. Detta gäller den totala volymen som förbrukas men också vilka ämnen som sätts i omlopp i samhället. Därutöver behövs ett mer rättvist utnyttjande av dessa resurser. Industriell ekologi är den vetenskap som studerar de förändToday's industrial systems are regarded to have unsustainable characteristics. In order to acquire a more sustainable state, fundamental changes are needed in the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the resource flows associated with such systems. These need to go hand in hand with a more equitable distribution of the benefits and burdens associated with such resource use. The identification a