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This manuscript presents novel approaches to grow and evaluate Streptococcal biofilm formation using the human respiratory pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) as the main model organism on biological surfaces in vitro and in vivo. Most biofilm models are based on growth on abiotic surfaces, which is relevant for many pathogens whose growth on surfaces or medical devices is a major
BACKGROUND: Aggregate and risk-stratified perioperative mortality rates (POMR) are well-documented in high-income countries where surgical databases are common. In many low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) settings, such data are unavailable, compromising efforts to understand and improve surgical outcomes. We undertook a systematic review to determine how POMR is used and defined in LMICs
Two novel human papillomaviruses (HPVs), HPV93 and HPV96, with genomes of 7450 and 7438 bp, respectively, are described. The Ll open reading frame of HPV93 showed highest identity to HPV24 (79%) and that of HPV96 had highest identity to HPV92 (71 %). Real-time PCR for HPV92, 93 and 96 on stripped biopsies from tumours and healthy skin from 269 immunocompetent patients found HPV DNA in 2.6 % of tum
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the supporting structures of the teeth caused by, among other pathogens, Prevotella intermedia. Many strains of P. intermedia are resistant to killing by the human complement system, which is present at up to 70% of serum concentration in gingival crevicular fluid. Incubation of human serum with recombinant cysteine protease of P. intermedia (interpain A
Complications of dopamine replacement for Parkinson's disease (PD) can limit therapeutic options, leading to interest in identifying novel pathways that can be exploited to improve treatment. p11 (S100A10) is a cellular scaffold protein that binds to and potentiates the activity of various ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors. We have previously reported that p11 can influence ventral stria
INTRODUCTION: : The aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) is the first line screening test for primary aldosteronism (PA). However, in hypertensive patients with an increased ARR, PA needs to be confirmed by other means. METHODS: : A 25 mg oral captopril test was performed in 16 healthy subjects to obtain reference values for aldosterone and ARR at 120 minutes after the test. Subsequently these data were
Context: Pediatric cancer treatment may imply an increased risk of hypogonadism, leading to metabolic disorders and osteoporosis. Such complications are potentially preventable. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess diagnosis- and treatment-dependent risk of hypogonadism in male childhood cancer survivors (CCS). Design: Male CCS who were treated during the period 1970-2002 and who in 2004
BACKGROUND: Folate is involved in DNA synthesis and methylation and may thereby influence carcinogenesis. OBJECTIVES: We examined plasma folate (P-folate) concentration in relation to genotypes of the folate-metabolizing enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [MTHFR 677C<--T (rs1801133) and 1298A<--C (rs1801131)]. We also explored whether P-folate was associated with risk of postmenopausal bre
The present paper reviews studies carried out by the Bandim Health Project during the armed conflict in Guinea-Bissau, 1998-1999. Common health interventions like vaccination and breastfeeding, as well as focused interventions such as nutrition interventions aimed at malnourished children are effective measures. Population-based studies of health status gives important information about health con
The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has made it easier than ever to create chatbots capable of generating human-like responses to user inputs. Moreover, improvements in text-to-speech and speech-to-text make it possible to converse with these systems, not just in text but also through speech. These improvements have led to an increase in chatbot applications across various contexts, such
Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) is associated with elevated suicide risk. The aim was to compare health care contacts as well as clinical and suicide-specific characteristics in individuals with and without substance use issues who died by suicide. Methods: Data were derived from a nationwide medical record review of confirmed suicides in Sweden. In the current study we included individua
Background: Systematic analyses of global health trends can provide an accurate narrative of progress and challenges. We analysed the impact of changing age-specific mortality (epidemiology) and age structure (demography) on crude death rates (CDRs) and causes of death with large or rising mortality to inform the third Lancet Commission on Investing in Health. Methods: Data from the World Populati
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a set of motor symptoms that depend on nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration and respond well to pharmacological dopamine replacement using L-DOPA. However, replacing dopamine with either L-DOPA or dopamine receptor agonists leads to the appearance of motor and nonmotor complications within a few years. Strong emphasis is currently placed on developin
Background: Mapping social and geographical disparities in health outcomes helps to identify vulnerable groups that should be targeted for intervention. This study aims to assess the disparities in cardiometabolic multimorbidity, the presence of at least two cardiometabolic diseases (CMD), including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke, among middle-aged adults across socio-geographical inte
Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation Water scarcity affects more than 40 percent of people, an alarming figure that is projected to rise as temperatures do. Although 2.1 billion people have improved water sanitation since 1990, dwindling drinking water supplies are affecting every continent. 1 https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-6-clean- water-and-sanitation.
Blood parasites (Haemosporidia) are thought to impair the flight performance of infected animals, and therefore, infected birds are expected to differ from their non-infected counterparts in migratory capacity. Since haemosporidians invade host erythrocytes, it is commonly assumed that infected individuals will have compromised aerobic capacity, but this has not been examined in free-living birds.
We investigated the quality of life (QoL) of newly diagnosed persons with cancer aged 65 years at baseline and 3 months after, in relation to age, contact with the healthcare system, activities of daily living, hope, social network and support using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30, Katz ADL, Nowotny's Hope Scale, and the Interview Schedule for Social Interact
The driving force behind oncoproteomics is to identify protein signatures that are associated with a particular malignancy. Here, we have used a recombinant scFv antibody microarray in an attempt to classify sera derived from pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients versus healthy subjects. Based on analysis of nonfractionated, directly labeled, whole human serum proteomes we have identified a protein s
