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Popular Abstract in English The production and use of bioethanol can help reducing the dependency on oil, and also represents a renewable source of energy. Bioethanol can be obtained from biomass such as agricultural and forest residues, after appropriate pretreatment and fermentation. This thesis addresses some of the challenges that must be overcome for the production of ethanol from biomass to The sustainable production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass requires the combination of efficient hydrolysis and complete fermentation of all the monomeric sugars present in the raw material. The present work was aimed at tackling some of the major challenges that will be encountered in commercial-scale ethanol production using Baker’s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the preferred microorg

The E-GIS project partnership comprised 10 partners (universities, organisations and private bodies) from 6 European countries; Bulgaria, Lithuania, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and Sweden. The E-GIS project was initiated in order to: • Establish competent nettworks between universities and private bodies for cooperation on an European level within the GIS area – both for this project and fo

The stepwise stabililty constants, Kn for the bromo aqua complexes PtBrn−1(H2O)7−n5−n; n=4, 5, 6, formed in the successive acid hydrolyses of PtBr62−, have been determined to be K6=(.19±0.1) x 103 M−1, K5= (1.0±0.2) x 104 M−1 and K4=(1.1±0.2) x 105 M−1. A bromide assisted mechanism is proposed for the bromide anations of PtBr4(H2O)2 and PtBr5H2O-. Both these reactions are found to be first order w

It is well-known and experimentally conrmed that the mechanical re-sponse to loading of small enough structures diers from what applies to themacro-scale. This is valid for structures of linear measures at the nano-scale,typically below about 50nm. In addition to pure size eects also the crys-tallographic orientation becomes important at this scale. This study demon-strates the mechanical response

How should we respond to a criminal offence committed by a young person? It is obvious that this is a very complex question. Multiple factors play important roles: the offence itself, but also the juvenile’s background in terms of education, socialization, prior convictions, etc. Every case is unique, but the criminal legal system has to follow the principles of legal certainty and predictability.How should we respond to a criminal offence committed by a young person? It is obvious that this is a very complex question. Multiple factors play important roles: the offence itself, but also the juvenile’s background in terms of education, socialization, prior convictions, etc. Every case is unique, but the criminal legal system has to follow the principles of legal certainty and predictability.

Background: Anterior resection has the benefit of enabling bowel continuity, but suffer from a common complication in anastomotic leakage.There is a paucity in previous research of long-term implications of anastomotic leakage after anterior resection.Aims: To gain general knowledge of the morbidity related to anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer, specific aims were:I.To

With their potential to effectively address multiple urban sustainability challenges, the emerging policy discourse on nature-based solutions seeks to encourage the development of multifunctional nature for sustainable and just cities. Nature-based solutions, however, are vulnerable to co-option by powerful interests in ways that limit their contribution to a broad range of sustainability goals. RWith their potential to effectively address multiple urban sustainability challenges, the emerging policy discourse on nature-based solutions seeks to encourage the development of multifunctional nature for sustainable and just cities. Nature-based solutions, however, are vulnerable to co-option by powerful interests in ways that limit their contribution to a broad range of sustainability goals. R

Water damages in buildings in the Nordic countries results in costs amounting to several billion Euros each year as well as a great deal of unpleasantness. The vast majority of the water damages cost in Sweden is caused by leaks from buildings services in the form of piping such as tap water, sewage, drainage and heating, as well as through insufficiently waterproof layers in wet rooms. The econom

The TINEL Project is running a series of camps for staff at higher education institution to support them in developing inclusive eLearning. The first camp was conducted face-to-face, but the coronavirus pandemic meant that the second camp was conducted online. This created a case study in inclusive eLearning in itself and allowed us to experience and reflect on the challenges and opportunities of

Metalloenzymes are proteins that contain one or more metal ions bound to protein. They constitute about one-third of all enzymes known so far and they often perform hard chemical reactions involving small substrates, like H2 and N2. In our research, we focus on those metal ions that are located in the active sites and perform redox reactions, i.e. involving electron transfer. Why enzymes?Metalloenzymes catalyse a wide variety of reactions in nature. In the thesis, I have studied the reaction mechanism of three metalloenzymes, viz. [NiFe] hydrogenase (H2ase), dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (DMSOR) and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), by theoretical methods, namely quantum mechanics (QM), combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanics (QM/MM), as well as QM/MM thermodynamic cycle per

Background: The discovery of disease-associated loci through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is the leading genetic approach to the identification of novel biological pathways underlying diseases in humans. Until recently, GWAS in ischaemic stroke have been limited by small sample sizes and have yielded few loci associated with ischaemic stroke. We did a large-scale GWAS to identify additio

There is a clear need to foresee future development and identify the possible future impacts of different elements to ensure conscious and sustainable decision making in the field of built environment. However, the level of awareness and knowhow of potential methods to assist in this task is still low among market actors as real estate education has been unable to respond to the situation. There i

Today’s architecture is no longer an isolated field of building design, but concerns human related issues including sociology and psychology and moreover climate adaptation, ecology, sustainability and technological innovation. Taking point of departure in intensification of precipitation due to the climate change in Denmark, this thesis project attempts to investigate the possibility of establish

Pesticides or plant protection products (PPP) protect plants from harmful organisms and prevent the spread of invasive species. However, their use is not without problems, as pesticides can have harmful effects on the environment. One of these effects is reduced biodiversity, as pesticides often affect non-target organisms and change water and soil composition. Reduced diversity through the cleari

In my thesis, I follow the argument of the authors belonging to the school of decoloniality, who explore the phenomena of coloniality of power outside of historical colonialism. This gives me the freedom to look through decolonial lances into phenomena of undergoing colonization through data. By following the idea that data colonialism is a reality, not just a metaphor, I examined how data colonia

MIND (2021) flaggar för en växande problematik med psykisk ohälsa. Kultur har positiv inverkan på folkhälsan, vilket visas i en rapport beställd av WHO (Fancourt & Finn, 2019) och Theorell (2009; 2014; 2018) lyfter särskilt musiken och dess positiva inverkan på människor. Ruud (2001) hävdar att kulturen också bör ta ansvar för att stärka folkhälsan. Mot bakgrund av detta undersöker vi som musiMIND (2021) raises a warning flag for the growing problem concerning mental health. The arts has a positive effect on the public health, which is shown in a report ordered by the WHO (Fancourt & Finn, 2019) and Theorell (2009, 2014 och 2018) highlights music and its positive influence on people. Ruud (2001) claims that the arts also should take responsibility in strengthening the public health