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REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), is a prodromal synucleinopathy affecting a subset of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms. This study compared the genetic profiles of 13,020 PD patients with probable RBD (PD + RBD) and 5403 without (PD-RBD) using genome-wide association study (GWAS). RBD was assessed by questionnaires or self-reporting. Potential genet
This study explores how sex workers’ gender, ethnicity, and immigration status influence public attitudes toward sex work in the United States. Using a randomized experiment, 1,193 respondents evaluated a hypothetical news story featuring a sex worker as either a “Caucasian woman,” “Caucasian man,” or “undocumented Mexican woman.” Respondents rated the acceptability of sex work, worker agency, ven
Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) can influence health outcomes. Both SES and older age are associated with polypharmacy, health literacy, and quality of care. Understanding how SES influences healthcare experiences of older adults with polypharmacy can serve to inform future interventions aiming at optimising patient care. Therefore, we investigated the association between older patients’ SE
Aims: There is current apprehension among some clinicians and conflicting evidence regarding ocular complications in relation to Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs). We aimed to generate multi-disciplinary, expert-led consensus recommendations relating to ocular complications to facilitate optimum prescribing of GLP-1RAs. Materials and Methods: A modified Delphi was conducted foll
Despite growing awareness of human trafficking, research has yet to explore whether attitudes and knowledge about this issue are affected by gender. This study fills that gap by analyzing gender differences in public perceptions of human trafficking using a nationally representative U.S. sample (N = 776). The findings reveal that women are more likely than men to associate human trafficking with a
Variation in the structure and size of the eye in relation to light environments is well-documented across animal taxa. However, the long-term effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on eye size across generations remain understudied, despite natural fluctuations in UVR being common in aquatic habitats. Here, we used Daphnia magna to test whether an evolutionary history of UVR threat modifies plast
Since its inception in 1998, the Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (https://cdli.earth) has become the global authority index for inscribed artifacts of the cuneiform world, providing an essential reference for a corpus of half a million historical documents that form an important part of the world’s written heritage. The CDLI infrastructure is now foundational to the study of the history of th
Key message: A candidate gene exhibiting pleiotropic effect on twelve different seed size and weight traits was identified through a combination of evidence from population genetic selection, GWAS, earlier QTL studies, transcriptome analysis, and transgenic analyses. Abstract: Peanut is an important oilseed crop. Seed weight and size significantly impact yield, leading to the identification of num
Few existing studies have delved into individual-level attitudes towards the exchange of sexual services for payment, leaving a significant gap in our understanding. Various studies have speculated about how certain demographic factors and attitudes may shape people's perceptions of causes and consequences relating to such exchanges, but none have directly investigated this topic. To bridge this g
Scale loss is a quintessential hydrodynamic adaptation in marine reptiles, and paralleled the pelagic specializations of Mesozoic ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, and metriorhynchid crocodylians, as well as the modern Leatherback Sea turtle (Dermochelyidae). By contrast, modern hard-shelled sea turtles (Cheloniidae) retain both scutes and scaly flippers, despite evolving from among partially scale-less
In recent years, under the influence of climate change and human activities, droughts and floods have occurred frequently in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), seriously threatening socioeconomic development and ecological security. The topography and climate of the YRB are complex, so it is crucial to develop appropriate drought and flood policies based on the drought and flood characteristics of dif
Aim Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a disorder with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction where multiple and variable symptoms are common, including those from the peripheral and enteric nervous systems. We aimed to investigate subjective and objective signs of small and large fiber neuropathy in a Swedish POTS cohort compared with healthy controls. Secondly, we wanted to examin
Historical lessons are useful or even necessary for our guidance and orientation in time. These lessons, however, have often been overlooked in historical reflections on watershed moments, such as genocides, treaties, and global movements. Focusing on how cataclysmic events, primarily within Central and Eastern Europe, have been transmitted across borders and generations, this volume interrogates
This paper studies the economic impacts of land ownership concentration among the aristocratic elite in the Russian Empire. I document that areas with a higher concentration of noble land ownership were associated with lower levels of primary education during 1880–1911. Exploring the mechanisms, I show that by controlling local governments the landed elites decreased public spending on education,
Nickel (Ni) is the key component in ohmic contacts for Mg-doped p-GaN, but the detailed formation mechanisms of the ohmic contact have not yet been understood. In this work, the effect of potassium hydroxide (KOH)-based chemical treatment on the surface of p-GaN is investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and low-energy electron diffraction (L
This chapter examines how people associate various sex work activities with the exchange of sexual services for payment. It considers both in-person activities, such as sexual intercourse, oral sex, erotic massage, and dancing, as well as remote, digitally mediated activities like webcamming and the production of pornographic videos and photos. Drawing on an original US survey of adults (n = 1,024
Objective: To determine whether combining routine cross-cultural cognitive assessments with plasma phosphorylated tau217 (p-tau217) increases diagnostic accuracy in identifying Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a consecutive mixed memory clinic cohort of ethnically diverse patients. Methods: We included 201 memory clinic patients originating from 42 different countries. Patients were examined with the M
