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As CO2 builds up in the atmosphere causing global climate change (IPCC, 2022) trees have become an international symbol of combatting this, and for good reason. Trees take up CO2 which as a result combats these changes, and when these trees are cut down fewer individuals remain to take up the CO2 that we humans emit (Chapin et al., 2011). This means that clear-cut areas don’t act as the carbon sin
Stora Enso Nymölla is a pulp and paper mill mainly producing office paper. Their most well-known product is the MultiCopy paper. Every fourth year all large companies are by law required to present an energy audit. This can be done as one large report or by presenting smaller reports during the four-year period. Nymölla Mill has decided to publish short overviewing reports every year and combining
The fact that solitary migratory birds can find their migration routes has indicated the possibility that a genetic basis may be involved in determining the route of migration. Researchers have also found evidence to investigate this hypothesis in various ways. The focal species of this study is the willow warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus), which has three described subspecies (trochilus, acredula
This master’s thesis focuses on pedagogy and aspects of learning and remembering within guided museum tours for people with dementia. We explore in what way learning and remembering are focused on and triggered during those tours and with the help of which pedagogical means. Furthermore, we discuss what place these tours have within the museum as an institution. In order to examine our questions a
The product price given when producing offshore is not the entire truth and more companies decide to move their offshore production nearshore (Stentoft et. al, 2016). To measure the actual cost of producing many more parameters than visible costs needs to be taken account for. There are advantages as well as risks with outsourcing and costs can increase with distance such as quality issues, freigh
The Internet has revolutionised the global market place. Internet shopping is now accessible to an increasing numbers of people. In theory, this new form of media offers convenience, speed and choice to the consumer, but the question is whether it works in practice? Business-to-consumer cross-border transactions, whether carried out electronically or otherwise, are subject to the existing framewor
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore how brand managers align their brand identity within online brand communities where the communication is shared in order to create a reinforcing point of contact instead of a source of mixed messages. Problem: With the increasing usage of the internet, brand managers are today forced and challenged to align and re-enforce a brand’s identity online w
Avfallshanteringen har genom tiderna bestått av mycket deponering där allt avfall som uppstod slängdes i naturen utan adekvata skyddsåtgärder, vilket idag utgör förorenade områden. Ett förorenat område kan medföra skada eller olägenheter för människors hälsa och miljö. Sverige har flera mål för att skapa en hållbar utveckling, ett av dessa är Giftfri miljö där det ingår att åtgärda förorenade områThroughout history, waste management has consisted of a lot of landfilling, where all the waste generated is being disposed of in the environment without adequate protective measures. These areas constitute contaminated areas today. A contaminated area can cause damage or inconvenience to human health and the environment. Sweden has several goals to create sustainable development, one of these is
Punktlighet och förseningar inom järnväg är något som står högt upp på agendan i dagens samhälle. Med en infrastruktur som är i ett stort behov av underhåll samtidigt som trycket på klimatsmarta transportlösningar bara ökar, blir punktligheten och framkomligheten inom järnvägen avgörande. Med en total punktlighet på ungefär 90% finns det mycket att göra. En av järnvägens infrastrukturproblem är spPunctuality and delays within the railway system are of utmost concern in today’s society. With an infrastructure in a dire need of maintenance and the increasing pressure for environmentally friendly transportation solutions, punctuality and accessibility within the railway system becomes crucial. With an overall punctuality rate of approximately 90%, there is much to be improved. One of the prob
I arbetet undersöks vilka skyldigheter som vårdgivare har att tillhandahålla tolk inom hälso- och sjukvården när personer inte behärskar svenska, samt vilka som har möjlighet att bestämma om avgift för tolktjänster, utifrån svensk lagstiftning och internationell rätt. Skyldigheterna enligt inhemsk rätt undersöks utifrån Hälso- och sjukvårdslagen, Patientlagen, Patientsäkerhetslagen och FörvaltningThe thesis examines the obligations of healthcare providers to provide language interpreters, as well as who has the authority to decide on fees for interpreter services, based on Swedish legislation and international law. Domestic obligations are examined under the Health and Medical Services Act, the Patient Act, the Patient Safety Act and the Administrative Procedure Act. Obligations under inte
Att mäta framgång i byggprojekt idag kan vara svårt. Dels att hitta en samsyn på vad framgång är dels hur man ska mäta framgång. Genom den forskning som finns inom området kan man konstatera att det är äldre metoder som används än idag för att mäta framgång. Dessa metoder har även modifierats med tiden och bildat nya metoder. De vanligaste områdena att mäta för att förstå framgång i forskning är tMeasuring success in construction projects today can be difficult—partly due to the lack of consensus on what success is, and partly due to the challenge of how to measure it. Existing research shows that older methods are still used to measure success, though many of these have been modified over time and evolved into new approaches. The most common aspects evaluated in research when measuring su
Kemira Kemia AB produces a water treatment chemical named ”PIX-Sulfate”, where “PI” stands for “poly iron x”, and the “x” represents a conjugate ion, such as chloride or sulfate, in this case, sulfate. The main process for producing PIX Sulfate at Kemira’s plants today is to dissolve magnetite in diluted sulfuric acid and to oxidize the resulting liquid using oxygen. Currently, this process is car
Nya byggnormer – smartare tunnlar? Cut-and-Cover-tunnlar är vanliga vid grund anläggningsnivå i svensk infrastruktur. Dessa betongkonstruktioner utsätts för konstant vattentryck, vilket ställer krav på sprickkontroll. Sprickor uppstår ofta på grund av tvångslaster, exempelvis från temperaturvariationer och krympning, när dessa deformationer hindras av omgivningen. För att begränsa sprickbildning d
Popular science summary: Do bacteria survive in humans by eating the defense molecules during the course of infection? Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a pathogen that can be found in the human gut which causes a wide range of infections including urinary tract infections, cardiovascular infections and bacteremia (presence of bacterial cells in blood stream). These bacteria can also be fou
Det här examensarbetet i geologi är en studie av ökensediment. Det är tvärvetenskapligt mellan geologi och ekologi. Sedimenten som har studerats kommer från en statlig försöksodling, El Hicha, på saltstäppen utanför El Akarit, 45 km norr om Gabes i södra Tunisien. Första steget i studien var att ta sediementprover på försöksodlingen där Ministry of Rural Engineering, Water and Forest odlar träd oc
Wind power developments in cold and icing conditions pose new challenges to the wind power industry. Icing of wind turbines cause safety hazards, production losses and increased loads. This means that there is a need to develop a technique to quantify the icing climatology and corresponding eects on wind turbines to enable large scale wind power developments in the windy, sparesly populated areas
Läckage och spill från cisterner utgör de vanligaste orsakerna till förorening av grundvatten med petroleumprodukter. Bensin och dieselföroreningar sprids inte enbart längs grundvattenytan utan lösta beståndsdelar kan transporteras med grundvattnet relativt långa sträckor. Flyktiga kolväten förflyttar sig i den vattenmättade zonen beroende på föroreningens utbredning och fördelning. Flera tusen aSpills and leaks from storage tanks constitute the most common groundwater contamination source with petroleum products. Gasoline and diesel pools do not spread extensively along the water table, but dissolved constituents are transported in groundwater on relatively larger distances. Volatile hydrocarbons migrate in the vadose zone dependently on distribution and extent of the dissolved and pure
Detta arbete har som syfte att besvara två frågeställningar - hur ser lagstiftningen ut för miljökonsekvensbeskrivningar för planer och program i Sverige, och vilka krav kan ställas utifrån denna, samt hur dessa krav har uppfattats i genomförda miljökonsekvensbeskrivningar för planer och program? Detta görs genom en genomgång av lagtext, förarbeten, praxis och litteratur på området, en granskning This work aims to answer two questions - how does the legislation for environmental impact assessments for plans and programs in Sweden look like, and what demands can be made from this, and how are these requirements perceived in conducted environmental impact assessments for plans and programs? This is done through a review of the statutory text, legislative history, case law and literature, an
Accessibility is something often taken for granted in our society, but it is a necessity for people with disabilities. Railway stations are a public place and are often a connecting point for several modes of transport. Design of railway stations in terms of accessibility for persons with disabilities is governed by several national and international governing documents. The purpose of this thesis
Background The 2002 EU directive on the energy performance of buildings stipulates that buildings must be energy certified. In order to implement the directive in Sweden it is proposed that a law on the energy certification of buildings be introduced on 1 January 2006. The law shall apply to all buildings where energy is used to condition the indoor climate. However, there are a number of exceptio
