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OBJECTIVE: Decision-making concerning the extent of the repair of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) includes functional and anatomical assessment of the aortic valve. We hypothesized that bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) does not impact outcome after surgery for ATAAD. We therefore evaluated the outcome after ATAAD surgery in relation to the presence of BAV, acute aortic regurgitation (AR), and su

We review the ecological and socio-economic impacts of the catastrophic dam failure in Mariana, Brazil. Tailing management practices by Samarco mining company ultimately caused a dam breach that abruptly discharged between 55 and 62 million m3 of tailings into the Doce River watershed. On November 5th, 2015, a tsunami of slurry engulfed the small district of Bento Rodrigues, loading the Doce River

When grown in liquid cultures allowing the formation of nematode traps, the fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora produced two extracellular proteases hydrolysing the chromogenic substrate Azocoll. The protease activity was separated into two fractions (FI and FII) using anion-exchange chromatography. In bioassays, protease(s) present in FII immobilized the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus indi

Food encodes social and cultural values and has an important role to play in defining identities. In mixed populations, diet can be used to distinguish between ‘us’ and ‘them’. This study investigates the extent to which the inhabitants of mediaeval Tallinn, an important trading centre, used food to maintain distinct identities. Human skeletal material was selected from four mediaeval cemeteries i

Holocene relative shore-level changes and development of the Ģipka palaeolagoon in the western Gulf of Riga are reconstructed using multiproxy analyses by combining litho-, biostratigraphical and chronological data with remote sensing and geophysical data. The results show the development of the Ģipka basin from the Ancylus Lake/Initial Litorina Sea coastal zone (before c. 9.1 cal. ka BP) to coast

Markstabilisering blir allt vanligare för exploatering av områden med dålig bärighet.Det finns dock behov av bättre och volymstäckande kontrollmetoder förkvalitetssäkring. Kontrollmetoderna kan delas upp i två steg, där det första sker iomedelbar anslutning till inblandning av bindemedel för att kontrollera om manlyckats behandla hela den avsedda volymen, eller om det finns zoner som behöverkompleSoil stabilisation is becoming increasingly common for the development of areas withpoor bearing capacity. However, there is a need for better and volume-wide controlmethods for quality assurance. The control methods can be divided into two steps,where the first takes place in immediate connection to the mixing of binders to checkwhether the entire intended volume has been successfully treated, or

In drug discovery, it is of utmost importance to accurately calculate the free energies of binding ligands to various protein targets, such as enzymes and receptors. We have assessed and used computational tools for this aim, most of them based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We mostly used molecular mechanics (MM) in order to model the protein—ligand interactions, which is more approximat

The CryoGrid community model is a flexible toolbox for simulating the ground thermal regime and the ice-water balance for permafrost and glaciers, extending a well-established suite of permafrost models (CryoGrid 1, 2, and 3). The CryoGrid community model can accommodate a wide variety of application scenarios, which is achieved by fully modular structures through object-oriented programming. Diff

According to Lefebvre, modern capitalism has led to the commodification of urban life. Even though commodification has taken multiple distinct forms across the urban fabric, it could be argued that no urban feature is more representative of the proliferation of exchange values than shopping malls. Despite being privately owned and managed, commercialised and highly securitised, shopping malls have

AbstractDead standing trees (DSTs) generally decompose slower than wood in contact with the forest floor. In many regions, DSTs are being created at an increasing rate due to accelerating tree mortality caused by climate change. Therefore, factors determining DST fall are crucial for predicting dead wood turnover time but remain poorly constrained. Here, we conduct a re-analysis of published DST f

Gambling disorder is a major public health issue in many countries. It has been defined as a persistent, recurrent pattern of gambling and is associated with substantial distress or impairment, lower quality of life, and living with a plurality of psychiatric problems. Many people suffering from gambling disorder seek help in ways other than formal treatment seeking, including self-management stra

Patients admitted to intensive care after cardiac arrest are at risk of circulatory shock and early mortality due to cardiovascular failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of the veno-arterial pCO2 difference (∆pCO2; central venous CO2 – arterial CO2) and lactate to predict early mortality in postcardiac arrest patients. This was a pre-planned prospective observational sub-study

Nitrogenase is the only enzyme that can convert N2 into NH3. The reaction requires the addition of eight electrons and protons to the enzyme and the mechanism is normally described by nine states, E0–E8, differing in the number of added electrons. Experimentally, it is known that three or four electrons need to be added before the enzyme can bind N2. We have used combined quantum mechanical and mo

Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is an essential enzyme with a complex mechanism of allosteric regulation found in nearly all living organisms. Class I RNRs are composed of two proteins, a large α-subunit (R1) and a smaller β-subunit (R2) that exist as homodimers, that combine to form an active heterotetramer. Aquifex aeolicus is a hyperthermophilic bacterium with an unusual RNR encoding a 346-resid