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Sweden’s substantial building stock from the million programs is in need of renovations. These residential buildings were built without major attention to energy demand or architectural aesthetics. Until now, property owners have hesitated to carry out energy renovations due to the investment cost. The aim of this master thesis was to propose an energy-efficient renovation procedure whilst takin

Climate warming is more pronounced in the Arctic than in other parts of the world. This warming affects the terrestrial cryosphere including permafrost with consequences ranging from societal impacts to changes in hydrology and feedbacks in the climate system such as those imposed by changing greenhouse gas exchanges. Permafrost dynamics in a marginal zone for its very existence is in this context

The plant plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase is a predominant membrane enzyme that provides the energy for secondary active transport across the plasma membrane. Consequently, the H⁺-ATPase is thought to play a major role in many cell processes, and it is implicated to be regulated by a number of factors, including hormones, blue light, and fungal toxins The plant plasma membrane H

Popular Abstract in Swedish Sammanfattning Mänskliga aktiviteter och klimatförändringar påverkar vegetationen över hela jorden, idag och i framtiden. Denna påverkan kan studeras och kvantifieras med hjälp av observationer från satelliter vilka förmedlar information om vegetationsförändringar i tid och rum. I denna doktorsavhandling har metoder för analys av vegetationsförändringar utvecklats och Abstract This thesis aims to advance the analysis of nonlinear trends in time series of vegetation data from Earth observation satellite sensors. This is accomplished by developing fast, efficient methods suitable for large volumes of data. A set of methods, tools, and a framework are developed and verified using data from regions containing vegetation change hotspots. First, a polynomial-fittin

An effective uptake/absorption of drug formulations involve many processes; one being the transport of the active molecule through the mucus layer. The mucus layer is a complex mixture of biological molecules. Among them, mucin is the molecule that mainly provides the gel properties of the layer. Thus, the in-vivo physico-chemical properties of the mucus can to a first approximation be mimicked by

Popular Abstract in Swedish En studie av hur glokokortikoider hämmar inflammation Glukokortikosteroider, varav kortison är den mest kända, är hormoner som reglerar många funktioner i kroppen och även används som läkemedel för att dämpa inflammatoriska tillstånd som t.ex. astma och reumatiska sjukdomar. Glukokortikosteroider är mycket potenta läkemedel och används flitigt med mycket goda effekter.The aim of this investigation has been to study mechanisms by which glucocorticoids inhibit inflammatory processes in vitro. Type IV cytosolic 85 kDa phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) is an important modulator of inflammatory responses that is present in macrophages as well as in other cell types. In macrophages, the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (dex) was found to reduce the expression of cPLA2 a

Skogar har en positiv inverkan på halten av växthusgaser i atmosfären eftersom de binder koldioxid via fotsyntesen och lagrar kol i marken. Dessutom utgör många skogar en betydande sänka för växthusgasen metan. Upptaget av metan sker i väl syresatta marker genom oxidation utförd av metanotrofa bakterier. Däremot sker en nettoproduktion av metan i syrefattiga skogsmarker när mikroorganismer, s.k. aPopular Abstract in English Forests have a positive impact on the level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere because they absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and store carbon in the soil. Moreover, many forests function as a sink for the greenhouse gas methane (CH4). The uptake of CH4 takes place in well-aerated soils through oxidation by methanotrophic bacteria. However, there is a net

During the latest years the research on the effects of moisture on clothing system has been boosted. New information has revealed phenomena, e.g. “heat pipe” effect with its condensation-evaporation cycle(s) that has not been considered earlier in prediction of physiological reactions or evaluating clothing properties. Considering the material properties, e.g. the evaporative resistance measuremen

PurposeThe benefit of adding concurrent systemic therapy to definitive radiation therapy (RT) for patients with T1-2 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and limited neck node involvement is uncertain. This study investigates whether chemotherapy (CRT) in patients with early-stage (T1-2) low-volume nodal disease (Union for International Cancer Control Seventh Edition N1-2b) improves overa

BACKGROUND: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with right anterior temporal lobe (RATL) predominant atrophy is an emerging area of interest. Recent findings by the International Working Group (IWG) have identified this subtype as having a distinct clinical profile within the FTD spectrum (Ulugut et al., 2024, A&D). However, its genetic and pathological underpinnings remain unexplored in large, mult

Old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees provide important habitat structures in boreal forest ecosystems, yet long-term intensive forest management in Sweden has made such trees increasingly rare and difficult to locate across large forest landscapes. Although field-based inventories can identify old trees reliably, they are time-consuming, costly, and spatially limited. This creates a need for

Hemicelluloses are a group of abundant polymers found in all plants and constitute about one third of the total plant biomass. These polymers can be used in many different products, such as oxygen barrier films, emulsifiers, foams and probiotic food additives. However, the commercial development and use of new products utilizing hemicelluloses has been limited due to the high production cost. Incr

Background: Squamous cell cancer of the anus (SCCA) is a rare malignancy, but the incidence is increasing. It isassociated with humman papilloma virus infection. The standard treatment is radiotherapy (RT) combined withchemotherapy, usually 5-fluorouracil (5FU)/Mitomycin C (MMC). This treatment is relatively effective, butrecurrence still represents a problem especially in locally advanced SCCA.Th

The GHG-CCI project is one of several projects of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI). The goal of the CCI is to generate and deliver data sets of various satellite-derived Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) in line with GCOS (Global Climate Observing System) requirements. The "ECV Greenhouse Gases" (ECV GHG) is the global distribution of important climate relevant ga

Droplet microfluidics has emerged as a promising platform for miniaturisation of biological assays on-chip. In droplet microfluidics small water droplets (nL-pL) surrounded by an immiscible carrier oil are generated at high throughput. In these droplets particles such as cells or microbeads can be encapsulated, and the idea is that each of these droplets can be used as small reaction chambers for

Concerns regarding environmental issues have led to increasing efforts for investigating sustainable production routes for the future industry that is based on renewable resources. Among the biobased chemicals, the C3-chemicals 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA), 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) and 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP), have been identified as top candidates for the chemical industry. Lactobacil

Context. Streaming instability is a key mechanism in planet formation, clustering pebbles into planetesimals with the help of self-gravity. It is triggered at a particular disk location where the local volume density of solids exceeds that of the gas. After their formation, planetesimals can grow into protoplanets by feeding from other planetesimals in the birth ring as well as by accreting inward

Elevated molybdenum (Mo) contents in organic-rich sediments are indicative of deposition from an anoxic and sulfide-rich (euxinic) water-column. This can be used for tracing past euxinic conditions in ancient oceans from sedimentary archives. Conventional analytical detection of elevated molybdenum levels is, however, expensive and cannot be directly performed in the field. Here, we show that hand

In complex biological systems (e.g. gels, cross-linked proteins and biological tissues), the longitudinal spin relaxation of water protons is primarily induced by exchange-mediated orientational randomization (EMOR) of intra- and intermolecular magnetic dipole-dipole couplings. The chemical exchange processes that dominate the magnetic relaxation dispersion (MRD) typically occur on a time scale of

Crime reality television is a significant origin story in understanding reality entertainment. In the 1980s, crime reality television captured the public’s imagination with cold cases, ongoing criminal investigations, surveillance feeds, and live appeals to the public for information to catch criminals. Early crime reality television borrowed from other factual genres, including news reportage, cr