Search results

Specific alterations (mutations, deletions, insertions) of virus genomes are crucial for the functional characterization of their regulatory elements and their expression products, as well as a prerequisite for the creation of attenuated viruses that could serve as vaccine candidates. Virus genome tailoring can be performed either by using traditionally cloned genomes as starting materials, follow

Recent investigations-of the interaction between DNA and alkyltrimethyl ammonium bromides of various chain lengths are reviewed. Several techniques have been used such as phase map determinations, fluorescence microscopy, and electron microscopy. Dissociation of the DNA-surfactant complexes, by the addition of anionic surfactant, has received special attention. Precipitation maps for DNA-cationic

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is a soft-tissue neoplasm cytogenetically characterized by the translocations t(9;22)(q22;q11-12) or t(9;17)(q22;q11), generating EWS/CHN or RBP56/CHN fusion genes, respectively. In the present study, 18 EMCs were studied both cytogenetically and at the molecular level. Chromosomal aberrations were detected in 16 samples: 13 with involvement of 9q22 and 22

Smoking has recently been recognised as causally associated with the development of gastric cancer (GC). However, evidence on the effect by sex, duration and intensity of smoking, anatomic subsite and cessation of smoking is limited. Our objective was to assess the relation between tobacco use and GC incidence in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We studied d

Members of the bone morphogenetic protein-1/tolloid (BMP-1/Tld) family of metalloproteinases, also known as procollagen C-proteinases (PCPs), control multiple biological events ( including matrix assembly, cross-linking, cell adhesion/migration and pattern formation) through enzymatic processing of several extracellular substrates. PCP activities on fibrillar procollagens can be stimulated by anot

In recent years evidence has emerged that the amount of isoprene emitted from a leaf is affected by the CO2 growth environment. Many - though not all - laboratory experiments indicate that emissions increase significantly at below-ambient CO2 concentrations and decrease when concentrations are raised to above-ambient. A small number of process-based leaf isoprene emission models can reproduce this

We present a method for pharmacokinetic modeling of distributions of In-111-labeled monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on individual pixels of planar scintillation-camera images. Methods: The method is applied to 2 sets of clinical whole-body images, each consisting of 6 consecutive images acquired over a week. Quantification is performed on a pixel basis, yielding images in units of Bq/pixel. The image

The purpose of this study was to characterize the emissions of a large number of chemical compounds emitted from birch wood combustion in a wood stove. Birch wood is widely used as fuel in Swedish household appliances. The fuel load was held constant during six experiments. Particles < 2.5 mum diameter were collected and the size distribution of the particles was measured. The results were compare

In this study, we introduce the architecture and style of sedimentation of two outwash fans in front of the Myrdalsjokull ice cap, central south Iceland, that broaden different types of ice-marginal sedimentation. At Kotlujokull, a southeastern outlet of the ice cap, fan formation was monitored from the late 1970s to 2002; thus, the style of sedimentation is well understood and the relationship to

PURPOSE: Previous reports have demonstrated the inhibitory effect of exogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on micturition. In the current study we tested whether tiagabine (Sanofi Synthelab., Newcastle-upon Tyne, United Kingdom), a GABA re-uptake inhibitor increasing endogenous GABA concentrations, would affect micturition in awake rats or influence rat detrusor contraction in vitro. MATERIALS

Background The activity of the human enzyme thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) varies greatly between individuals because of genetic polymorphism. TPMT is involved in the detoxification and activation of thiopurines such as 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine, and azathioprine. These drugs are used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and inflammatory bowel disease. A total of 29 sequence

Ex vivo gene transfer to the CNS has so far been hampered by instability of transgene expression. To avoid the phenomenon of transgene down-regulation, we have employed strong, constitutive promoters and compared this expression system with the inducible Tet expression system incorporated in a single plasmid vector or in lentiviral vectors. Plasmid-based transgene expression directed by the consti

Background: Free and total human kallikrein 2 (hK2) might improve the discrimination between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Concentrations of hK2 are 100-fold lower than concentrations of prostate-specific antigen (PSA); therefore, an hK2 assay must have a low detection limit and good specificity. Methods: PSA- and hK2-specific monoclonal antibodies were used in solid-phase, two

Background Plasma triglyceride levels are heritable and are correlated with the risk of coronary heart disease. Sequencing of the protein-coding regions of the human genome (the exome) has the potential to identify rare mutations that have a large effect on phenotype. Methods We sequenced the protein-coding regions of 18,666 genes in each of 3734 participants of European or African ancestry in the