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Många processer i biologiska system utförs av maskinerier som är uppbyggda av molekyler av kolloidala dimensioner, d.v.s. i storleksordningen 1 μm till 1 nm, såsom proteiner. Dessa molekyler är ofta alldeles för komplexa till sin natur för att vi ska kunna förstå de “lagar” som styr hur de kommer samman för att bygga upp avancerade strukturer med biologisk funktion. I detta syfte behöver vi skapa The ability of microgels to adsorb to the interface of emulsion oil droplets has previously beenn reported in the literature.1 The resulting emulsions carry the thermoresponsiveness of the adsorbed microgels, and can be destabilized on demand by increasing the temperature above the volume phase transition temperature of the microgels. This thesis describes the synthesis and characterization of cro

Gymnadenia conopsea s.l., the fragrant orchid is widely distributed over Europe and adjacent parts of Asia. It is frequently found in open grassland, woodland and rich fen habitats, particularly in calcareous regions. The species is characterized by a high variation in morphological and genetic characters including plant height, floral characters, flowering time, habitat preferences, allozymes and

År 2006 var året då fler människor bodde i städer än på landsbygden och år 2030 uppskattas 5 miljarder människor bo i en urban miljö. Att lösa boendesituationen för de som flyttar till städer är ett globalt problem som kommer bli viktigare än någonsin tidigare att lösa. (Montgomery, 2014) Bostadsbyggandet i Sverige har de senaste åren ökat, men befolkningen ökar i ännu högre takt vilket gör att bo2006 was the year when more people lived in cities than in rural areas and by 2030 approximately 5 billion people will be living in an urban environment. Solving the housing situation of those who move to cities is a global problem that will become more important than ever to solve. (Montgomery, 2014) Housing construction in Sweden has increased in recent years, but the population is increasing at

Endowed with diverse vegetation covers, the Middle Atlas Mountains receive substantial snowfall in winter, which contributes to plant hydration during the growing season. Using remotely-sensed imagery, this study aims to assess the trends in snow cover variations between 2000 and 2015, analyse the local influence of snowpack persistence on vegetation growth and evaluate the significance of this ef

In developing countries across the world people are depending on rivers as a source of water for drinking, cooking and bathing. This is also the case in the Indonesian part of the island Borneo where this study was made. The largest river is the river Kapuas which, together with its tributaries, supplies the area with water. The hydrology of these rivers is changing and the quality of the water in

Antibodies have for long time dominated the field of affinity proteins in example imaging and therapeutics, due to their high specificity and affinity. However, they have some major drawbacks such as high molecular weight, complex structure leading to instability and high production cost. Therefore, other types of affinity proteins have been engineered, for example the Affibody molecule which is a

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a major source of macronutrients to freshwaters, yet it has variable and poorly understood bioavailability. Because intrinsic variation in bioavailability is caused by chemical structures of organic nutrients, DOM composition data should improve predictions of bioavailable resource pool sizes. We hypothesized that bioavailable organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) f

Examining the archaeological material of the modern period, over a period of the last 500 years, this open access book presents a series of case studies that challenges the fallacy of Nordic egalitarianism. The widening gap between rich and poor Western countries is now a well-known phenomenon and, while Scandinavia has often been hailed as one of the regions where inequality has been the lowest,

Manganese superoxide dismutases (MnSODs) are enzymes that convert two molecules of the poisonous superoxide radical into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. During the reaction, the manganese ion cycles between the Mn(2+) and Mn(3+) oxidation states and accomplishes its enzymatic action in two half-cycles (corresponding to the oxidation and reduction of O(2)(*-)). Despite many experimental and

The purpose of this study was to develop multimodality SPECT/MRI contrast agents for sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in vivo. METHODS: Nanoparticles with a solid iron oxide core and a polyethylene glycol coating were labeled with (99m)Tc. The labeling efficiency was determined with instant thin-layer chromatography and magnetic separation. The stability of the radiolabeled superparamagnetic iron

The relationship between palynological diversity and floristic diversity was studied on the basis of sediment surface sample pollen data from nine small lakes and vegetation data within a 250 m radius from the lake shore of each. The nine study areas are situated in the patchy cultural landscape of Southern Estonia and were chosen to represent landscape changes along a gradient from closed forest

With timely allocated movement phases, mobile organisms can match their space-use with the seasonality of the environment and thereby optimise their resource utilisation over time. Long-distance avian migrants are known to move with the seasonal dynamics on an annual basis, but how individuals respond to seasonality within their tropical non-breeding range has been less studied. Here we analyse th

The risk among asphalt workers of developing adverse health effects may increase due to their occupational exposure. One area of special concern arises when rubber granules are mixed into bitumen to enhance asphalt properties. This research characterizes and compares bitumen and rubber bitumen regarding the emissions of and workers' exposure to particulates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Aims: A high intake of salt raises blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have reported on the association between salt intake and carotid stenosis, but the association with coronary atherosclerosis has not been reported. Therefore, this project aimed at studying the association between salt intake and both carotid and coronary atherosclerosis in a contemporary com

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are mature CD5(+) B-cell malignancies with different biological/clinical characteristics. We recently reported an association between different prognostic subgroups of CLL (i.e., IGHV mutated and unmutated) and genomic methylation pattern. However, the relationship between DNA methylation and prognostic markers, such as the prolifer

Telomeres are protective cap structures at the ends of the linear eukaryotic chromosomes, which provide stability to the genome by shielding from degradation and chromosome fusions. The cap consists of telomere-specific proteins binding to the respective single- and double-stranded parts of the telomeric sequence. In addition to the nucleation of the chromatin structure the telomere-binding protei