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Syftet med denna uppsats är att redogöra för gällande rätt kring utevarohandläggning i brottmål samt närmare belysa den problematik som kan uppkomma vid handläggningen. Detta sker med hjälp av den rättsdogmatiska metoden. En stor del av uppsatsen riktar in sig på frågan om rätten kan utreda saken tillfredsställande samt utföra en ändamålsenlig bevisvärdering om den tilltalade inte är närvarande viThe purpose of this essay is to examine the law of trial in the absence of the defendant in criminal cases (trial in absentia) and illuminate the complex of problems that can arise during processing. This is done by using the legal dogmatic method. A substantial part of the paper addresses the question of whether the court can investigate the case satisfactorily and carry out an appropriate evalua

Misshandel är ett begrepp vi i allmänhet förknippar med allvarligt våld mot en, helt eller delvis, försvarslös part. Våld mot den enskilde är en gärning som kriminaliserats i lag då samhället ser den som klandervärd både i Sverige och Danmark. Rättsordningen har till syfte att skydda den enskildes intresse, och i vissa fall till och med skydda den enskilde från sig själv. Det man ofta inte tänker Assault is a concept we generally associate with serious violence against a, wholly or partly, defenceless party. Violence against an individual is an act the society has criminalized because of the danger and effect it can have on the party concerned. The purpose of the legal system is to protect the individual´s interest, and in some cases even protecting the individual from himself. Even if the

Transposable elements (TEs) are genetic entities that have the ability to move around the genome and regulate nearby genes. Therefore, they constitute a potential threat (and sometimes an evolutionary advantage) for the host's genome. Among other regulatory activities, DNA methylation and KRAB-ZNF are responsible for TE silencing. The dysregulation of these silencing mechanisms have been studi

This Thesis seeks to give its reader the tools to understand the data privacy divide between the EU and the US. It explains the crucial notions, historical and jurisprudential factors and regulatory frameworks underlying and constituting it. First, it answers why regulating data privacy is paramount to our democratic societies on both sides of the Atlantic. The growing importance of the data dri

The construction sector is one of the biggest contributors to global CO2 emissions and buildings account for a significant part of the energy use in Sweden. Population growth in combination with economic development is putting more pressure on the environment, resulting in escalating consumption trends and larger quantities of raw material extraction. Policies and directives are promoting a circul

Biological diversity faces a global crisis with increasing extinction rates and the loss of variety within species and across ecosystems. Increasingly, large companies are committing to address their impacts on biodiversity, but research shows that corporate reporting remains inconsistent, shallow, and difficult to compare. While biodiversity-related disclosures have largely been driven by various

Uppsatsen behandlar hur miljörelaterade fordringar hanteras när en verksamhet går i konkurs och i vilken utsträckning principen om att förorenaren ska betala får genomslag i svensk konkursrätt. Utgångspunkten är de praktiska problem som uppstår när kostsamma efterbehandlingsåtgärder aktualiseras först efter konkursutbrottet, samtidigt som det inte finns någon generell skyldighet för staten eller kThis thesis examines how environmental claims are treated when a business is declared bankrupt, and to what extent the polluter pays principle is upheld in Swedish bankruptcy law. The point of departure is the practical difficulties that occur when costly remediation measures become relevant only after the opening of bankruptcy proceedings, while there is no general legal obligation for the State

Under lång tid fanns inte någon specialreglering i svensk rätt gällande skadeståndsansvaret vid dammhaverier. I juli 1997 infördes en lag som förändrade detta och pekade ut ansvarssubjekt med ett rent strikt ansvar. Den underhållsskyldige för en dammanläggning innehar ett strikt ansvar för de skador som uppstår nedströms till följd av ett dammhaveri enligt 11 kap. 18 § miljöbalken. UnderhållsskylFor a long time, there was no regulation of the indemnity liability for dam failures in Sweden. In July 1997 a new law brought a change to this and clarified which liable entity was strictly liable for damages. The entity responsible for maintaining the dam bears a strict liability for all damages arising downstream as a consequence of a dam failure according to chapter 11 paragraph 18 in the Swe

Denna uppsats behandlar framtida utfästelser att överlåta fast egendom och i synnerhet ersättningsklausuler som kopplats till utfästelsen. Framtida utfästelser att överlåta fast egendom har ingen rättsverkan på så sätt att en överlåtelse inte kan framtvingas. Som huvudregel kan heller inte en part som drar sig ur åläggas att betala skadestånd. Den part som ändå vill sätta press på sin motpart kan This paper deals with future commitments to transfer immovable property and especially compensation clauses connected to the commitment. Future commitments to transfer immovable property has no legal effect, a party can not enforce transfer. Nor can a party be required to pay damages. A party that wants to put pressure on its counterpart can induce a special commitment to replace possible damages.

Current advances in Deep Learning have shown significant improvements in common Machine Learning applications such as image, speech and text recognition. Specifically, in order to process time series, deep Neural Networks (NNs) with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) units are widely used in sequence recognition problems to store recent information and to use it for future predictions. The efficiency i

I Sverige förekommer fortfarande problem med hedersrelaterade våldsbrott. År 2016 var en tredjedel av alla mord som begicks mot kvinnor hedersrelaterade. Många röster har höjts för att en straffskärpning bör ske på området. Mitt syfte med uppsatsen har varit att utreda om det finns ett behov att införa en särreglering vad gäller våldsbrott med heder som motiv i straffskärpande syfte. Följande frågIn Sweden there are still problems with honor-related violent crime. In 2016, one third of all murders committed against women were honor-related murders. Many voices have been raised in order for a punishment to take place in the area. The purpose of the present paper has been to investigate whether there is a need to introduce a special regime for violent crime with honor as a motive for puniti

The spoilage flora of refrigerated raw and pasteurized milk was classified and identified by numerical phenotypic analysis. Isolations of bacteria were made at a defined spoilage stage, when the total aerobic count was 106-107 cfu per ml. The secondary flora of ripened Swedish and Norwegian cheeses was investigated by numerical analysis. Aeromonas and Enterobacteriaceae spp. isolated from the spoi

Background: Extraordinary progress has been made in our understanding of common variants in many diseases, including melanoma. Because the contribution of rare coding variants is not as well characterized, we performed an exome-wide, gene-based association study of familial cutaneous melanoma (CM) and ocular melanoma (OM). Methods: Using 11 990 jointly processed individual DNA samples, whole-exome

Although a number of different medium access control (MAC) schemes are adopted for wireless multi-hop networks, time division multiple access (TDMA) approaches based on a periodic frame of time slots are the most common when very high efficiency is needed in terms of use of radio and energy resources. Efficient resource usage is typically based on parallel compatible transmissions from multiple no

People living in urban and industrialized societies, which are expanding globally, spend more than 90% of their time in the indoor environment, breathing indoor air (IA). Despite decades of research and advocacy, most countries do not have legislated indoor air quality (IAQ) performance standards for public spaces that address concentration levels of IA pollutants. Few building codes address opera

BackgroundMany patient organisations collaborate with drug companies, resulting in concerns about commercial agendas influencing patient advocacy. We contribute to an international body of knowledge on patient organisation-industry relations by considering payments reported in the industry’s centralised ‘collaboration database’ in Sweden. We also investigate possible commercial motives behind the

Background: The Influenza – Monitoring Vaccine Effectiveness in Europe (I-MOVE/I-MOVE+) and Vaccine Effectiveness, Burden and Impact Studies (VEBIS) hospital networks have conducted seasonal multicentre, test-negative, case–control studies in Europe to measure influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) since 2015/16. We measured the effect of chronic conditions on VE of influenza A subtypes among older

Incretin-based therapy is associated with low risk of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) possibly due to its glucose-dependency in stimulating insulin secretion and a sustained glucagon response during hypoglycemia. This is of special relevance when it is combined with insulin or given to elderly patients since both insulin therapy and high age are associated with impaired glucagon co

Importance: Preterm delivery has been associated with future cardiometabolic disorders in women. However, the long-term risks of chronic hypertension associated with preterm delivery and whether such risks are attributable to familial confounding are unclear. Such knowledge is needed to improve long-term risk assessment, clinical monitoring, and cardiovascular prevention strategies in women. Objec

The anticipated continuation of the last three decades of growth of global demand for high-speed high-coverage mobile data, calls for massive investments in cellular infrastructure, for the ongoing roll out of the fifth generation of mobile systems, but also later for the sixth generation. A key enabler, for the high-speed part, is for the cellular system to move up in frequency and support commun