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European emission legislation has in recent years put a strict limit on NOx emissionsfrom heavy-duty truck engines. EGR and selective catalytic reduction are the two mostcommon technologies applied in a modern heavy-duty diesel engine to fulfill the legislation.The scope of this thesis is to explore other ways of reducing NOx emissions emittedby a heavy-duty engine. Several technology options are
Delegated, but still intensive: Quality time and parenting in upper-middle class families in Sweden During the last decade, Swedish families have started to employ nannies and au pairs to an extent previously never experienced. Political initiatives such as tax deductions for household services, together with global trends of ‘care chains’, have created a private market for care services, which ha
BACKGROUND: Workplace stressors, such as bullying, are strongly related to subsequent long-term sickness absence, but little is known of the possible physiological mechanisms linking workplace stressors and sickness absence. The primary aim of this study was to investigate to what extent cortisol levels were associated with subsequent sickness absence and if cortisol mediated the association betwe
Although COVID-19 was first detected in the People’s Republic of China, the pandemic now appears contained there. Western and Chinese media attribute this apparent success to the central level of the Chinese state and the Communist Party. However, this article reveals that local entities provided critical contributions to China’s COVID-19 management, particularly in the pandemic’s first epicenter:
A brake pad is usually replaced before it is totally worn off. Some of these pads are re-melted as scarps in electrical arc furnace process, arising some concerns for the potential emissions due to the combustion of the organic component of the friction material and pad underlayer. To a lower extent, the other exhaust pads are taken to the scrap yard as waste. The concept of this study is to recyc
Introduction: Ankle fractures are commonly treated by open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws. Unplanned return to theatre is common, in many cases to extract prominent osteosynthesis material from the lateral malleolus as swelling subsides. We hypothesised that patients operated with a posterolateral plate placement on the lateral malleolus would have fewer reoperations, and fe
In SPECT imaging of pure beta emitters, such as (90)Y, the acquired spectrum is very complex, which increases the demands on the imaging protocol and the reconstruction. In this work, we have evaluated the quantitative accuracy of bremsstrahlung SPECT with focus on the reconstruction algorithm including model-based attenuation, scatter and collimator-detector response (CDR) compensations. The scat
Test application and test design, performed to ensure the production of fault-free chips, are becoming complicated and very expensive, especially in the case of SoCs (System-on-Chip), as the number of possible faults in a chip is increasing dramatically due to the technology development. It is therefore important to take test design into consideration as early as possible in the SoC design-flow in
Rationale: Proper sedation for neonates undergoing uncomfortable procedures may reduce stress and prevent complications. Midazolam is a short-acting benzodiazepine that is used in neonatal intensive care units. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2003. Objectives: To assess the benefits and harms of midazolam – compared with placebo, other pharmacological interventions, and n
The Gaia-ESO Survey is an European Southern Observatory (ESO) public spectroscopic survey that targeted 105 stars in the Milky Way covering the major populations of the disk, bulge and halo. The observations were made using FLAMES on the VLT obtaining both UVES high (R ~ 47 000) and GIRAFFE medium (R ~ 20 000) resolution spectra. The analysis of the Gaia-ESO spectra was the work of multiple analys
Det råder ingen tvekan om att internet idag uppfattas som en del av vår vardag och att det utgör ett nödvändigt verktyg för att få tillgång till information, såväl av kommersiell som privat natur. I takt med den tekniska utvecklingen och den ökade tillgängligheten som internet medför ökar även konkurrensen i informationsflödet, vilket marknaden har behövt anpassa sig till. Idag finns möjligheten aThere is no doubt that the internet today is considered as an integral part of our daily lives and that it constitutes a necessary tool in order to gain access to information, both commercial and private. In line with the technological development and the increased access to information made possible by the internet, there is also an increased competition in the information flow, which the market
I propositionen till den nya konkurrenslagen som antogs 2008 öppnades möjligheten för individuellt ansvar vid överträdelser av konkurrensrätten. Sedan 2010 riskerar individer som deltar i konkurrensbegränsande samarbete att dömas till näringsförbud. En fråga som lyftes i samband med lagförslaget var huruvida en kriminalisering skulle vara möjlig inom ramen för konkurrensrätten. Frågan har lyfts flThe Bill for the new Competition Act adopted in 2008, in Swedish competition law, opened for the possibility of individual liability for infringements of competition law. Since 2010 individuals participating in a cartel are liable to be sentenced to disqualification from commercial activities under the Disqualification Act of 1986. One issue raised in the context of the Bill was whether criminaliz
Uppsatsen ämnar behandla vilka civilrättsliga följder ett brott mot ett avtal, som på något sätt styr processen i ett skiljeförfarande, kan få. En anledning till att allt fler näringsidkare väljer att lösa sina tvister i ett skiljeförfarande beror antagligen på att möjligheterna att kontrollera processen är större i jämförelse med ett motsvarande förfarande i allmän domstol. Det kan handla om att This essay examines which consequence a breach of contract aimed at dictating the process in arbitration can have under civil law. One of the reasons why more businesses choose to solve their disputes in arbitration proceedings probably depends on the fact that their possibilities to influence this process is greater in comparison to an equal process undertaken in general court. The parties might
Detta examensarbete utvärderar ett absorptionshämmande tillsatsmedel för att möjliggöra användningen av krävande ballast vid betongtillverkning. Den huvudsakliga anledningen till att ballasten benämns som krävande är att den har ovanligt hög absorptionsförmåga. Studien undersöker hur betongens egenskaper påverkas av olika halter absorptionshämmare. Dels studerades glimmerrikt bergkrossmaterial, soThis master thesis evaluates an absorption-inhibiting admixture to enable the use of demanding aggregate materials in concrete production. This was achieved by investigating how the properties of concrete were affected by different levels of absorption inhibitor. Firstly, mica-rich aggre-gate material was studied, which, due to its high mica mineral content, has a high water absorption rate that i
Den 1 december 2025 trädde nya straffbestämmelser i kraft i svensk rätt som kriminaliserar oskuldskontroller, oskuldsintyg och oskuldsingrepp. Reformen har motiverats som ett led i arbetet mot hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck som syftar till att stärka skyddet för kvinnor i hedersbaserade kontexter. Samtidigt väcker kriminaliseringen grundläggande frågor om straffrättens funktion och gränser vid On 1 December 2025, new criminal provisions came into force in Swedish law criminalizing virginity tests, virginity certificates, and virginity procedures. The reform has been justified as part of the efforts against honour-related violence and oppression that aim to strengthen the protection of women in honour-based contexts. At the same time, the criminalization raises fundamental questions abou
Förevarande uppsats syftar till att analysera godtagbarheten av en kriminali-sering av rymning från fängelse i svensk rätt. I den större delen av uppsatsen analyseras godtagbarheten utifrån de fem kriterier som satts upp i SOU 2013:38 Vad bör straffas? (Straffrättsutredningen). Därefter diskuteras huruvida det finns andra överväganden som behöver göras innan en eventuell kriminalisering beslutas. This essay aims to analyse the acceptability of a criminalisation of prison es-cape in Swedish law, based on the five criteria set out in SOU 2013:38 Vad bör straffas? (What should be punished?), called Straffrättsutredningen (The Criminal Justice Investigation). Furthermore, I discuss whether other consid-erations are needed before a criminalisation is decided. The discussions are based on the te
Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att utreda internetleverantörers ansvar vid tredje mans upphovsrättsintrång då internetleverantörer tillhandahåller internetuppkoppling till sådant intrång. Uppsatsen har också klargjort vilka upphovsrättsintrång som kan aktualisera internetleverantörers ansvar, samt vilka åtgärder företagen kan tvingas vidta för att förhindra förevarande intrång. Internet möjliThe purpose with this paper has been to examine internet service providers, also known as ISP:s, responsibility when they operates as an intermediate during third party copyright infringement. The essay has also investigated which copyright infringements that actualize such responsibility and what measures may be required by ISP:s to prevent copyright infringements. Today the internet makes copyr
Uppsatsens syfte är att utreda bevisprövningen för asylsökande med flyktinggrunden sexuell läggning. Fokus har varit att granska den praktiska tillämpningen och vilka värderingar Migrationsverket och migrationsdomstolarna gör när den enskilda ska bevisa sin sexuella läggning. Jag har därav granskat 12 domar från olika migrationsdomstolar, samt undersökt de bakomliggande besluten från MigrationsverThis essay’s purpose is to investigate the evaluation of proof for asylum seekers that fear persecution because of their sexual orientation. The focus has been to examine the practical application and what assessments the Swedish Migration Agency and migration courts make in order for the individual to prove their sexual orientation. I have therefore examined 12 judgements from different migration
Antalet företagsförvärv har vuxit snabbt i Sverige under de två senaste årtiondena och är idag en del av viktiga strategiska och ekonomiska beslut för många företag. Ett företagsförvärv kan dessutom vara en mycket stor ekonomisk risk för den förvärvande parten. Denna uppsats undersöker processen för ett företagsförvärv från den förvärvande partens perspektiv samt ur ett rättsekonomiskt perspektiv.The amount of acquisitions has grown rapidly in Sweden during the past two decades and are today a very important strategic and financial decision for many companies. A corporate acquisition could also be a very big financial risk for the acquiring party. This thesis researches the process of corporate acquisitions from the perspective of the acquiring party with a focus on an economic analysis of
I den psykiatriska tvångsvården av barn används tvångsåtgärderna bältesläggning och fysisk fasthållning vid genomförandet av medicinering och sondmatning mot barnets vilja. Vilka tvångsåtgärder som får vidtas i dessa verksamheter styrs av regleringen i lag (1991:1128) om psykiatrisk tvångs-vård (LPT). LPT medger undantag till det grundlagsstadgade skyddet mot påtvingade kroppsliga ingrepp som var In the compulsory psychiatric care of children, the coercive measures of belt restraint and physical restraint are used to administer treatment, such as medication and tube feeding, against the child's will. The coercive measures that may be used in these care settings are regulated by the Compulsory Psychiatric Care Act (LPT). The LPT permits exceptions to the constitutional protection agains
